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敎育行政學硏究 The Journal of Educational Administration 2005, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 103128. 미국에서 초임교사 멘토링의 실제와 시사점 신 붕 섭 (혜천대학교) 요 약 미국에서 1980년대 들어 새로운 패러다임의 교사 전문성 개발 전략으로 강조되고 있는 초임교사 멘토링(유도), 최근에는 34개 주에서 운영되고 있으며 그중 22개주 는 법령을 통하여 제도화하고 재정을 지원하고 있다. 초임교사 멘토링은 단순히 초 임교사의 교직 적응을 돕는데 머무르지 않고, 그들이 주에서 정한 교사의 표준에 도 달하도록 하는 한편, 정규 교사 자격을 획득하기 위한 사정의 기능을 아울러 수행한 . 우리나라에서 초임교사 멘토링이 효과적으로 이루어지기 위해서는 전문적 동료 문화와 리더쉽이 전제되어야 한다. 또한, 멘토들에게 체계적인 연수와 지원 조건(유 시간이나 수당 제공 등)이 제공되는 것이 중요하다. 나아가 교육부나 광역교육청 차원에서 멘토링 프로그램과 그 운영에 관한 표준화된 절차가 개발되어 보급되어야 할 것이다. 나아가 신규교사를 위한 직전 연수나 다른 장학 방법들과 유기적인 관계 속에서 프로그램이 운영되는 것이 중요하다. [주제어] 초임교사, 초임교사 유도, 초임교사 멘토링, 멘토, 교직 수행 표준 . 서 론 1. 연구의 필요성 교원의 전문적 능력과 헌신이 교육의 질을 결정한다는 명제는 특별한 논증을 필요로 하지 않는 자명한 진리에 가깝다. 대부분의 국가에서 교원의 전문성 신장과 처우 개선 을 교육개혁의 중심적인 의제로 추진하고 있는데서 이를 알 수 있다. 이런 맥락에서, 교원다면평가제나 부적격 교원의 퇴출 방안 역시 국가 교육의 혁신과 경쟁력을 높이기 위해 교직의 표준(teaching standard)을 제고하려는 개혁 의지로 받아들일 수 있다. 그럼 Copyright (C) 2006 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

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  • The Journal of Educational Administration

    2005, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 103128.

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    (2002). . , 29 1.

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    American Federation of Teachers(AFT), "Beginning Teacher Induction. "EDUCATIONAL

    ISSUES POLICY BRIEF, No. 13(September 2001).

    Andrews, Shirley P., and Martin, Ellice(2003). "No Teacher Left Behind: Mentoring

    and Supporting Novice Teachers." Educational Resources Information Center

    (ERIC) ED 481 998.

    Education Commission of the States(ECS, 1999), StateNotes-Teacher Mentors/

    Induction. www.ecs.org

    Feiman-Nemser, Sharon; Schwille, Sharon; Carver, Cindy; Yusko, Brian(1999). "A

    Conceptual Review of Literature on New Teacher Induction. National

    Partnership for Excellence and Accountability in Teaching." Office of

    Educational Research and Improvement. Washington. DC.

    Fiedler, E. F., & Haselkorn, D.(1999). Learning the ropes: Urban teacher induction

    programs and practices in the United States. Belmont, MA: Recruiting New

    Teachers, Inc.

    Copyright (C) 2006 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

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    Horn, Patty J.; Sterling, Hillary A.; Suban, Subi.(2002). "Accountability through 'Best

    Practice' Induction Models." Educational Resources Information Center(ERIC)

    ED 464 039.

    Howard Green(2004), Professional Standards for Teachers and School Leaders-A key to

    school improvement. London and New York: RoutleFalmer.

    Humphrey, D. C., Adelman, N., Esch, C., Riehl L. M., Shields, P. M., & Tiffany.J.(2000).

    "Preparing and supporting new teachers: A literature review. Menlo Park, CA.:

    SRI International in Horn, Patty J., Sterling, Hillary A. and Subhan, S.(2002).

    "Accountability through 'Best Practice' Induction Models." Educational Resources

    Information Center(ERIC) ED 464 039.

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    Standards-Based Reform; A Critical Review." Review of Educational Research. Vol.

    72, No. 3, pp.481-546.

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    Copyright (C) 2006 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

  • 127

    Young, Peter.(2002). "State and District Policy Related to Mentoring and New Teacher

    Induction in Connecticut." National Commission on Teaching & America's

    Future, New York.

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    Copyright (C) 2006 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

  • 128

    Abstract

    The Practice and Implication of the Beginning Teacher

    Mentoring Program in the United States

    Boong-sup, shin

    (Hyecheon college)

    The Beginning Teacher Induction(Mentoring) Program, which has been conducted

    to develop teachers' expertise as a new paradigm in the USA since the mid-1980s, is

    focused on the students' learning and aimed at increasing the teacher performance

    standard.

    The recent trend of the program is as follows. First, 34 states are conducting the

    program, 22 of which are financing the program as they are required by law.

    Second, the Beginning Teacher Induction Program not only offers support for the

    teachers' adaptation to the school and classroom but also performs evaluations for

    licensing higher level teachers and developing the teacher licensing system. Third,

    the detailed programs are designed by the school district after the basic policy is

    established by the state. Fourth, the school district develops the programs and

    manages them in partnership with teacher education universities, teacher unions and

    research centers.

    The following can be suggested from the Beginning Teacher Induction Program.

    First, the program should focus on the educational reform strategy in order to

    heighten the teacher performance standard. Second, the development of the

    cooperating partnerships are required for the on site enhancement of the teachers'

    expertise. Third, a training program is required for veteran teachers to assist

    beginning teachers.

    [Key word] Beginning teacher, Teacher induction, Teacher mentoring, Mentor,

    Teaching performance standard

    Copyright (C) 2006 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

    . . . . . : Abstract