如何写好句子如何写好句子提高作文档次提高作文档次

阅卷者喜欢什么样的文章？阅卷者喜欢什么样的文章？• 1 、书写工整，卷面整洁• 2 、紧扣主题，逻辑清晰• 3 、语言简约，语法正确• 4 、要点齐全，细节完整• 5 、详略得当，适当发挥

优秀作文的六个特性优秀作文的六个特性• 1 、条理性；2 、准确性；3 、流畅性；4 、简洁多样性；5 、思想性；6 、美观性；

提高作文档次五招提高作文档次五招1. 表达精练简洁。2.避免低级错误。3.保证赏心悦目。4.句子错落有致。5.句式多种多样。

如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。

平时书写中普遍存在的问题

1. 字迹潦草

2. 涂改过多

3. 字体不当

打破常规，变换句子开头1. 我不知道如何去火车站。 I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.2. 假如多给些照顾，那些树会长得更好。Given more attention,the trees could have grown better3. 由于没有收到他的信，我给他打了电话。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.4. 他那么害怕，一动也不敢动。　So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inc

h.

打破常规，变换句子开头

5. 夕阳西下，我们不得不与工人们道别。 With the sun setting in the west, we had to w

ave goodbye to the workers. 6. 在朝电影院走的时候，他遇到了一个外国

人。Walking towards the cinema, he met a forei

gner.

基本句型 一

1 、时光飞逝。Time flies!

2 、我们都学英语。We all learn English.

基本句型 一

Ｓ Ｓ ++ Ｖ（主＋谓）Ｖ（主＋谓） 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

基本句型一 口头练习

1 、我们都吃饭喝水。We all eat and drink.2 、孩子们正在玩。

The children are playing. 3 、大家都笑了。

Everybody laughed. 4 、我成功了。

I succeeded.

基本句型 二Ｓ Ｓ ++ Ｖ Ｖ ++ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）Ｐ（主＋系＋表）

1 、这是一本英语词典。 This is an English dictionary.

2 、饭闻起来很香。 The dinner smells good.

基本句型 二Ｓ Ｓ ++ Ｖ Ｖ ++ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）Ｐ（主＋系＋表）

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。

基本句型 二Ｓ Ｓ ++ Ｖ Ｖ ++ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）Ｐ（主＋系＋表）

系动词分三类：一、 be 本身没有什么意义 , 只起连系主语和表的作用； 二、 be, look, feel, smell, taste, sound 等表示感官情况；三、 get, grow, become, turn, go 等表示变化。

其它系动词仍保持其部分词义 :stay, prove, remain, fall…

基本句型二口头练习

1 、他又高又壮。He is tall and strong. 2 、我们感到很累。We feel very tired.

3 、天气正在转暖。The weather is becoming warmer.

4 、她的脸变红了。Her face turned red.

基本句型 三

1 、谁知道答案？Who knows the answer?

2 、我们爱我们的学校。We love our school.

2 、

基本句型 三Ｓ Ｓ ++ Ｖ Ｖ ++ Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）

此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。

基本句型三 口头练习 1 、我们需要更多的睡眠。

We need more sleep. 2 、他犯了一些错误。He made some mistakes. 3 、老师表扬了我。The teacher praised me. 4 、我们会说英语。We can speak English.

基本句型 四

1 、老师递给我一本新书。The teacher passed me a new book.

2 、妈妈给她做了一顿可口的饭。Her mother cooked her a delicious dinner.

基本句型 四ＳＳ ++ ＶＶ ++ ＯＯ ++ Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）

此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 常见的带双宾得动词有 give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, warm 等。

基本句型四口头练习

1 、老师向我们展示了一幅地图。The teacher showed us a map. 2 、我帮他了一个忙。I gave him a hand. 3 、我给妈妈买了一件礼物。I bought my mother a present. 4 、朋友给我带来了好消息。My friend brought me some good news.

基本句型 五

基本句型五

1 、我们保持校园清洁。We keep our school clean.

2 、我们把门漆成了绿色。We painted the door green.

基本句型 五Ｓ Ｓ ++ Ｖ Ｖ ++ Ｏ Ｏ ++ Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）

此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成

分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。

基本句型五口头练习

1 、我们发现考试很容易。We found the test very easy.

2 、爸爸让我快点回来。My father asked me to come back soon.

3 、什么使她如此悲伤？What makes her so sad?

4 、我发现教室空空如也。I found the classroom empty.

两个简单句的宾语可由 and 、 both…and 等连词连接组成一个简单句。I met Jane. I met her husband.

I met Jane and her husband.

I met both Jane and her husband.

It was cold. It was wet.

It was cold and wet.

I didn’t meet Jane. I didn’t meet her husband.

I didn’t meet either Jane or her husband.

I met neither Jane nor her husband.

两个或两个以上限定动词也可合并为一个简单句。We sang all night. We danced all night.

We sang and danced all night.

主语、谓语、宾语的合并

并列句

需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用分号或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。

用分号：We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing.

用分号，后跟一个连接副词：We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing.

用并列连词（如 and 、 but 、 so 、 yet 等）We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.

并列句

常用并列连词常用并列连词

• 平行并列连词 :

•转折并列连词：

•因果并列连词 : •选择并列连词 :

and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor, and then

but, however, while, yet

for, so

or, either…or, neither… nor

并列句

并列句的词序：并列句基本上保留了简单句的词序。

主语 谓语 宾语 连词 主语 动词 表语

Jimmy fell off his bike but (he) wasn’t hurt.

并列句

并列句的词序：并列句基本上保留了简单句的词序。

五种简单句型可用并列连词连接起来组成并列句。

主 谓 状（方式） 连 主 谓 表Frank worked hard and (he ) became an architect.

并列句

并列句的词序：并列句基本上保留了简单句的词序。

五种简单句型可用并列连词连接起来组成并列句。主 谓 宾 连 主 谓 地点I ’ve got a cold, so I ’m going to bed.

并列句

并列句的词序：并列句基本上保留了简单句的词序。

五种简单句型可用并列连词连接起来组成并列句。主 谓 宾 宾补 连 主 谓 宾They made him chairman, but (they) didn’t increase his salary.

Exercise:Exercise:请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。。

He was tired, so he went to bed.

1. He was tired. He went to bed.

2. The child hid behind his mother's skirt. He was afraid of the dog.

3. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.

He made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.

The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.

由一个主句和一个或者一个以上从句所构成的句子。在英语书面语中应用广泛。主句是一个完整的句子 , 它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子 , 它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。复合句可以通过把两个以上简单句连接在一起构成 , 但复合句的各组成部份并非同等重要，其中一个句子由从属连词引导（从句），用以修饰另一句子（主句）。

复合句 = 主句 + 从句

复合句

复合句是在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起形容词、名词、副词的作用。复合句主要包含以下类型从句：

1. 主语从句 2. 宾语从句3. 表语从句 4. 定语从句5. 状语从句 6. 同位语从句

英文写作中最常使用的从句

1.宾语从句

2.状语从句

3.定语从句

复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 + 简单句

He told me the news.

that the match had been cancelled.

宾语

how much he was prepared to pay for my car.

that I could have the money without delay.

how much he was prepared topay for my car and that I couldhave the money without delay.

when he was leaving for Paris.

that his fatherwas working in

that school.

宾语从句

复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 + 简单句

the people surprised That

What he saidwhat he did

主语

That he didn’t know the answer

in the room.定语

who were sitting in the room.who were present.

whose sons were at war.who had signed the contract.

复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 + 简单句

That is the fact.表 语

what he needs.what he gave me.why he was late.because he was ill.what has happened.

复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 + 简单句

He worked in that factory three years ago.地点状语 时间状语

where his father worked

in that factory

where I lived

when he lived there

His father worked there.

I lived there. He lived there three years ago.

复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 + 简单句

Put the book on the desk.

where you took it.

where it was.

地点状语

where you found it.

You can’t camp here.

where there are a lot of trees.

wherever you like.

指出下列各从句的类型指出下列各从句的类型

I believe that everything is going on well.

She was reading a novel when I came in.

She is the girl who sings best in my class.

宾语从句

状语从句

定语从句

PracticePractice

用所给连词连接句子。He has found out. She was late. (why)

He has found out why she was late.

I still remember the day. I first went to York on that day. (when)

I still remember the day when I first went to York.

将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。

PracticePractice

He didn’t come yesterday. He was ill. (原因 )

He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.

I’ll give the letter to him. I see him. （时间）

It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. （结果）

We’ll go to the great wall. It’s fine tomorrow. ( 条件 )

We should not go there all the time. The place is quite pleasant.(让步）

It is such a big box that nobody can move it.

We’ll go to the great wall if it’s fine tomorrow.

Although the place is quite pleasant, we should not go there all the time.

I’ll give the letter to him when I see him.I’ll give the letter to him as soon as I see him.I’ll give the letter to him the moment I see him.

简单句简单句 ---------- 〉并列句〉并列句

I went home and she stayed at the school. She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. It is morning, for the birds are singing in the trees.

连接句子连接句子and furthermore besides in addition moreover also likewise not only…but alsoBut yet however nevertheless still in contrast whilefor as since because Or otherwiseSo consequently therefore thus accordingly then as a result nor neither

练习练习 1-1-连词连接句子连词连接句子• 1. Mr. Smith is an English teacher

______ he teaches us English.

• 2. When you are learning English, use it as often as possible, ______ you might drop it.

• 3. It’s a long story, ______ there are few new words in it, ______ it will be easy for children.

and

or

butso

连词连接句子连词连接句子• 4. I don’t agree with you, ______ d

oes my partner.

• 5. He broke the rules of the school; ______he had to leave.

• 6. I don’t know anything against the man; ______ I trust him.

nor /neither

therefore

however

连词连接句子连词连接句子• 7. I’ll buy a new suit when I get the c

heque for the work I did; ______, I’m afraid this old one will have to do a bit longer.

• 8. ______is your answer wrong _______mine is.

• 9. You must work harder; _______you will be put into another class.

• and 2．or 3．but， so 4. nor/neither 5.therefore 6. however 7. nevertheless 8. not only…but also 9.otherwise

nevertheless

Not onlybut also

Otherwise/or

技

巧

1. 使用较高级的词汇

3. 使用恰当的连接词

词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。

运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉 。

使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。

2. 使用较丰富的句式

1. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.

2.We all think he is a great man.

3.Suddenly I thought out a good idea.

4.The students there needn’t pay for their books.

5. As a result the plan was a failure.

The plan turned out to be a failure.

Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable.

一、怎样使用较高级的词汇

We all think highly of him .

A good idea occurred to me. / A good idea suddenly struck me.

Books are free for the students there.

6. When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow.

7. She went to Austria in order to study music.

8. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited.

9.In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms.

10.You can find my house easily.

She went to Austria for the purpose of studying music.

At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.

The more he spoke, the more excited he felt.

Our school is made up of twenty–six classrooms.

You’ll have no trouble finding my house.

1 When he arrives, please give me an e-mail. （使用 V-ing 形式） .

2. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things. （使用名词性从句）

3. Though I’m weak, I’ll make the effort. ( 使用倒装句 )

4. He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.( 使用强调句型 )

On his arriving, please give me an e-mail.

What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.

二、怎样使用较丰富的句式

Weak as I am, I’ll make the effort.

It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.

词汇表达替换练习词汇表达替换练习 • Suddenly I had an idea that someone ha

d broken into my house. →

• An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.

• It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.

• He spends all his spare time in reading. →

• He devotes all his spare time to reading.

• Thank you very much for you help. →

• We appreciate your help very much.

• Your help is much appreciated.

• Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →

• Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.

词汇表达替换练习词汇表达替换练习 • As soon as he arrived, he began his rese

arch. →

• On his arrival, he began his research.

• The film we saw last night was very interesting. →

• The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.

给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象

整体三部

分1.Heading点题，一两个好句；概括性2.Body中心记述部分；层次分明3.Ending小结，呼应主题

一、适当的运用一些词组、习语来代替单个单词或平淡的句子，以增加文采，丰富语句的表现力。

选词造句指点迷津选词造句指点迷津

你将很容易找到我的家你将很容易找到我的家

• You will find my house easily.

----- --------- --------------

S V O时态：一般将来时。 S+Will +V 原形

11 、、 You willYou will find my house easilfind my house easilyy..

have no difficulty in doing sth

You’ll have no trouble/difficulty (in) finding my house.

她很喜欢运动。她很喜欢运动。

She likes sports very much.

---- -------- --------

S V O

1.Be fond of 2.be into 3.be interested in 4.enj

oy

• She is fond of sports.

• She is into sports.

• She is interested in sports.

• She enjoys sports.

我们将我们将尽力尽力学好英语。学好英语。

Try to do sth

We’ll try to learn English well.

do everything sb can to do sth

Try to do sth

1.I hope to receive your letter soon.

2.Because the weather was good,our journey was comfortable.

I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Because of/Thanks to/Owing to the good weather,our journey was comfortable.

二、尽量避免过多地重复使用某一单二、尽量避免过多地重复使用某一单词词 ,,短语选择使用其他恰当的同义词、短语选择使用其他恰当的同义词、

词组来词组来代替。代替。1.He learns English well,he learns maths well ,too.

2.An earthquake happened in Wenchuan. It happened on May 12th.

do well inbe good at

take placecome about

三、学会套用句型三、学会套用句型• 1.He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any fart

her.

too…to

He was too tired to walk any farther.

Because people communicate in English every day,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.

• With so many people communicating in English every day,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.

With+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语（ doing/done/adj/to do/adv…）

1.Because he has a lot of homework to do, he doesn’t watch TV.

2.Mr.li came into the classroom, he has a book in his hand.

3.The farmer sleeps, and his window is open.

With+With+ 宾语宾语 ++ 宾语补足语宾语补足语（（ doing/done/adj/to do/advdoing/done/adj/to do/adv

……））With a lot of homework to do,

with a book in his hand

with his window open.

2.If you study hard, you will make 2.If you study hard, you will make great progress.great progress.

Study hard and you’ll make rapid progress.

祈使句 +and/or+ 陈述句（陈述句要用将来时态）

I was late for school because I got up late.

The reason why…is that

The reason why I was late for school was that I got up late.

四、通过合句，将意义相关的句子用一定的连接方式连接起来，或通过收缩，去掉一些多余的成分，或无意义的重复，避免冗长累赘，松散无力，以增强句子的连贯性，达到更好的表达效果。

I am seventeen years old this year,that is to say,I’ll be eighteen years old in 2011.

I’ll be eighteen years old in 2011.

The school is surrounded by many green trees.It looks very beautiful.

The school surrounded by many green trees looks very beautiful.

The school looks very beautiful with many green trees surrounding it.

五、有效的使用句子间的连接成分，使句子间的逻辑关系更加明确，使整篇文章条理清楚，连贯流畅。

• Cellphone is popular among teenagers. Cellphone makes it possible for teenagers to talk with their family. Cellphone makes teenagers feel cool.

cellphone is popular among teenagers. cellphones make it possible for teenagers to talk with their family.

cellphones make teenagers feel cool.

As we all know,On one hand,

On the other hand,

I think the Internet is helpful not harmful as someone else thinks. We all know that the Internet is very important in our daily life. On the Internet, we can read news and get much information. We can send E-mails or make phone calls to our family.We can attend the net school, read many books and even teach ourselves English. …

In my opinion rather than

As we all know is playing

a more and more important role

Use better phrases to replace the common ones.Practice Improve the passage

not only

but also

Besides we

•但是值得提醒的是，同学们在使用复杂的句型和结构时，要有把握能正确地表达；也要注意分寸，应根据书面表达的内容和篇章结构而定，做到地道得体，千万不能生搬硬套，画蛇添足。

多看 多背 多模仿 多翻译

写作中表达的多样性写作中表达的多样性

(因为 )_____ his help, I finished the work at last.

Thanks to

As a result of

Owing to

Due to 因为

Because of /with/for

我花了 50块钱买这本字典。

Spend… on/in

It costs/takes… to

Pay… for…

Charge sb… for…I was charged $50 for the dictionary.

我会尽我所能去帮助他。

do/try my best

do everything I can

do all that I can

do what/whatever I can

I will to help him.

I ’ll help him as much as possible.

经典句型结构 :

1. It’s years since I worked in Beijing.

2. It won’t be long before you get well.

3.It was not until you told me that I realized my mistake.

4.Not until you told me did I realize my mistake.

5.It is said that a fire broke out last night.

6.There always exist big gaps between dreams

and realities.

7.She was so excited that she burst into tears.

8.Work hard, and you are sure to win.

He sat there, ____________（手里拿着书）。

____________ （ eyes/closed） 。

____________（背着书包） 。

____________ （ nothing/to do)。

1.There is a girl. She is sitting between us.

2. This is a book.

The book was bought yesterday.

There is a girl who is sitting between us.

This is a book which was bought yesterday.

Rewrite following sentences

3. 走在大街上，他遇见了一个老朋友 .

While he was walking in the street, he met an old friend.

4. _________________, the city looks beautiful.

Walking in the street

从天空中看，When it is seen from the sky, the city looks beautiful.

Seen from the sky

由于不知道他的电话，他无法与 Tom 取得联系。

Because I didn’t know his telephone number,

I couldn’t get in touch with Tom.

Not knowing his telephone number, he can’t get in touch with Tom.

Rewrite the following passage：They went for a walk on the street. They saw the old man. He was knocked down by a car. The car was passing by.Walking on the street, they saw the old man knocked down by a car that was then passing by.

书面表达的衔接与连贯

连接词的分类和运用连接词的分类和运用• 连接词是指在文章中用来说明上下句或前

后两个意思之间关系的词或词组。连接词通常用于开篇，引出扩展句；也可用于句中，尤其是用于较长的复合句中，以作为上下文的连接纽带；还可以置于文末或段末，用于总结上文或结束本段落的内容。

11 、表示平行、对等或选择关系：、表示平行、对等或选择关系： and, bothand, both……and, as well as, as well, neitherand, as well as, as well, neither……nor, or eitnor, or eit

herher……oror……,not only,not only……but alsobut also…… 等等• He loved swimming when he was a smal

l boy and at eight he became a member of the diving team in Guangdong Province.

• I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.

2.2.表示转折关系的连接词语有：表示转折关系的连接词语有： but, yet, whilbut, yet, while, however, on the contrary, on the other he, however, on the contrary, on the other hand, in spite of, nevertheless, although, otand, in spite of, nevertheless, although, ot

herwise herwise 等等• On the other hand, 40% think that fee sh

ould be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers.

• While they were working, my sister walked to a river nearby.

3.3.表示因果关系的连接词：表示因果关系的连接词： for, so, therefofor, so, therefore, as a result, because of, due to, owing re, as a result, because of, due to, owing

to, thanks to, to, thanks to,

• He stopped us about half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender. So come on, stand here. He didn’t work hard, as a result, he failed in the exam.

4.4.表示时间顺序的连接词：表示时间顺序的连接词： at first, first, secondat first, first, second……, then, next, later, meanwhile, in the end, fin, then, next, later, meanwhile, in the end, finally, after that, since then, for the first time, at ally, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, eventually, as soon as, the next momentlast, eventually, as soon as, the next moment ，，shortly after, for one thing, for another thing shortly after, for one thing, for another thing

等等

• After that I went to No.6 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer. .

• The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road.

5.5.表示空间顺序的连接词：表示空间顺序的连接词： on the right, to the left, on oon the right, to the left, on one side of,ne side of,……, on the other side of, on the other side of……. At the foot\top\e. At the foot\top\e

nd\ ofnd\ of……, in the middle\center of, in the middle\center of……,,等等

• On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now, stands another new building—our library.

• In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.

6.6.表示解释说明的连接词：表示解释说明的连接词： that is (to say), in that is (to say), in other words, such as, for example\instancother words, such as, for example\instance, namely, actually, to tell you the truth ace, namely, actually, to tell you the truth ac

cording to this ,and so on cording to this ,and so on 等等

• I can follow my own interests such as reading books, visiting museums and taking computer lessons.

• In other words , I love my hometown and the people there.

7.7.表递进关系的连接词：表递进关系的连接词： whatwhat’’s more\wos more\worse\better, besides, in addition, worse srse\better, besides, in addition, worse still, to make things worse, moreover, ftill, to make things worse, moreover, furthermore, above all, not onlyurthermore, above all, not only…… but al but al

soso等等• What’s more , it will become necessary to build gate

s and walls • In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read news

papers. What’s more ,I can go to bed earlier.• In addition to meeting the need of markets at home,

its products are shipped to many countries.

8.8.表示总结的连接词：表示总结的连接词： in short, in brief, in short, in brief, in a word, in general, as you know, as in a word, in general, as you know, as far as I know ,on the whole, to sum upfar as I know ,on the whole, to sum up

等等• In short, things have begun to improve sinc

e schools were called on to reduce the learning load.

• In a word, great changes have taken place in our village.

连接词在文章中起着重要作用，千万不可忽视！！！

2.2. 表示总结表示总结 • in a word ( 总之 ) ， altogether( 总之 ) 等。如：• Smoking costs us much money and it can easily cause a big fire. In a word, smoking can do us much harm.吸烟耗费许多金钱，而且容易造成火灾。总之，吸烟会给我们带来很多危害。

• She is kind; she is diligent; she is clever. Altogether, she is a good girl.

• 她善良、勤奋、聪明。总之，她是一个好女孩。

3.3. 表示情绪 表示情绪 • to one’s joy( 令某人高兴的是 ) ， • to one’s surprise ( 令某人惊讶的是 ) ， to o

ne’s disappointment ( 令某人失望的是 ) ，• to one’s pride ( 令某人自豪的是 ) ， • to one’s satisfaction ( 令某人满意的是 ) ，• to one’s horror ( 令某人惊恐的是 ) 等。

1.1. 表达普遍规律表达普遍规律• generally speaking( 一般说来 ) ，• in general( 一般说来 ) ，• all in all( 总的说来 ) 等。 • 如： Generally speaking, it is not so cold in

February. 一般说来，二月份不是很冷。• All in all, drinking isn’t so good to us. 一般

说来，喝酒对我们没有什么好处。

• 如： To my joy, my son passed the exam with a very high mark. 令我高兴的是，我 儿子以高分通过了这次考试。

• To my surprise, he dared to get angry with his teacher. 令我惊讶的是， 他竟敢生老师的气。

• To my disappointment, the famous actress didn’t attend the party. 令我失望的是， 这个著名的女演员没有参加宴会。

• To our pride, our country has set up another man-made satellite. 令我们骄傲的是， 我们国家又发射了一颗人造卫星。

• To my satisfaction, he answered the question correctly. 令我满意的是，他准确地回答了这个问题。

• To my horror, the baby fell out of the cra

dle.

4.4. 表示转折关系 表示转折关系 • however (然而，无论如何 ) ， neverthel

ess (然而，不过 ) 等。• 如： This problem is very difficult; however， it is very important.这个问题很难，然而很重要。

• There was no news; nevertheless, she went on hoping. 尽管毫无音讯，她还盼望者。

5.5. 表示顺序 表示顺序 • first ( 第一，首先 ), second ( 第二 )， then ( 然

后 )， at last ( 最后 )， in the end ( 最后 ) 等。 如：

• You have many things to do. First, you should clean the room. 你有许多事情要做，首先应该打扫一下房间。

• He stayed in Beijing for some time; then, he went to Shanghai. 他在北京呆了一段时间， 然后去了上海。

• At first ， I thought it difficult to learn English, but in the end I changed my mnd.

• 以开始我认为英语难学，但最后我改变了看法。

一一 . . 模仿练习模仿练习• 用例句中的过渡词汇补全下列各句，每空

一词。• 1.Generally speaking, men are much stronger than women. 一般说来， 男子比女子强壮得多。

• ______ ________ , girl are much more gentle than boys.Generally speaking

• 2. All in all, your article is well-written. 总得说来，你的文章写得很好。

• ______ ____ _____, this story is very interesting.

All in all

• 3. This film is wonderful. This film is instructive. In a word, it is a good film.这部电影很精彩，而且很有教育意义。 总之，这是一部好电影。

• Your suggestion is thoughtful. Your suggestion if practical.

• ____ ______ _____, it is a good suggestion.

In a word

• 4.To my joy, she was admitted into a famous university. 令我高兴的是，她被一所著名的大学录取了。

• ____ ____ _____, he managed to win the prize.

To my joy

• 5. To my surprise, she refused his invitation to dance with him. 令我惊讶的是，她拒绝他的邀请——跟他一起跳舞。

• _____ ____ ______ ， he didn’t carry out his promise to come to see me.To my surprise

• 6. The reality is cruel. However, you should face it. 现实是残酷的，然而你应该面对它。

• This match was very important. _______, he lost it.

However

• 7.You must get ready for this exam. First, you must go over all your notes. 你必须为这次考试做好准备。 首先你应该复习所有笔记。

• You must listen to your parents. _______, you should have breakfast on time.First

• 8.At first, he tried to lift the stone. But at last he gave up. 一开始他想劲力举起这快石头，但最后放弃了。

• At first, he didn’t understand me. But ____ ____ he supported me strongly.at last

• 9.To my disappointment, he failed to pass the exam. 令我失望的是，他没能通过这次考试。

• ___ ____ _________ , she didn't do anything for me.

To my disappointment

• 10.In general, it is warm in April. 一般说来，四月份天气很暖和。

• ____ ______, girls are more careful than boys.

In general

二二 . . 补充句子补充句子•根据中文意思，将下列英文句子补充完整。

• 1. 你给了我许多帮助，也给了我许多鼓舞。总之，没有你我不能成功。

• You gave me much help and encouragement. ___ ___ ____, I couldn’t have succeeded without you.

In a word

• 2. 总的说来，你的回答不太令人满意。• ____ ____ _____, your answer is not so satifying.

• 3.一般说来没物理比数学难学得多。• _____ _______, physics is much more difficult than mathematics.

All in all

Generally speaking

• 4.令我满意的是，他数学考试得了满分。• ___ ____ _____, he got full marks in the mathematics exam.

• 5.令我惊恐的是， 我卡见他从树上摔了下来。• ____ ____ ______, I saw him fall down from the tree.

• 6.这辆自行车真的很漂亮，然而我没钱买。• This bike is really very beautiful. ______, I have no money to buy it.

To my satisfaction

To my horror

Nevertheless

• 7. 他首先去了法国，然后又去了美国。• First, he went to France; _______ he wen

t to America.• 8. 令我高兴的是， 我终于说服她改变了主

意。• ____ _____ _____ . I finally persuaded h

er to change her mind.

then

To my joy

• 9.一开始他反对我的计划， 但最后他支持我的计划了。• At firsthe was against my plan, but• ___ ______ _____ he was for it.

• 10.你必须购买一些生活必需品。 你必须了解一些关于这个国家的信息。总之， 你必须为这次旅行做好准备。

• You should buy some living necessities. You should learn something about this country. ___ ___ _____, you must get everything ready for this journey.

In the end

In a word

三三 . . 行文逻辑训练行文逻辑训练•阅读短文，选择适当的过渡性词汇填空。

first, what’s worse,

in my opinion, besides,now

• ___1___ many middle school students are fat and there are reasons for it. Some eat too much met and too many snacks. Some sit too long but seldom exercise.

• Getting fat has quite a few disavantages. ____2_____, being fat makes it difficult for one to walk or move as others.

Now

First

• ___3____, to be fat usually means to be weak, and it is easy for a fat person to suffer from many kinds of diseases. At the same time. A fat person gets tired easily, which decreases his study efficency.

• ____4_____, to be fat is not a good thing for us middle students. We should try to eat less meat but more vegetables. _________ we should try our best to take part in all kinds of sports. If so, we are sure to lose weight and stay healthy.

What’s more

In my opinion

Besides

四四 . . 篇章结构训练篇章结构训练• 给下面的书面表达的主题句排序：• 你班同学参加了《学生双语报》组织的一场头论。讨论的主题是：城市内是否可以饲养宠物。请你根据下表所提供的信息，给该报社写一篇文章，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点或建议。用 5个句子完成文章。

反对养宠物的同学认为 支持养宠物的同学认为

1.造成环境污染2.可能会商人

1.与孤寡老人做伴2.人与动物和谐相处，能增添生活情趣

• A. Some students are against the idea of keeping pets.

• B. Some students think it’s a good idea to keep pets.

• C.I think we can keep pets at home but we must prevent them from polluting our emvironment.

• D. Recently we have had a heated discussion on whether people should keep pets or not at home in cities.

• E. In general, opinions differ from people to people.

• 5. An AnnouncementBoys and girls, May I have (take) your attention, please. There will be a lecture at half past three on Friday afternoon. It’s about “Information and English Study”. And it will be given by Mr Li Ping who is a famous teacher from the English Department. There’s sure to be something instructive and interesting. We can get more information from it, I think. And it will improve our English studies to a new stage. Anyone who wants to attend it can come to Room 206. Take notes and have a discussion after it. Please come here on time. That’s all.

• 6. May I have your attention, please?As you know, our class will have a talk show on environment protection with Class One on May 4th. Before it takes place, we will invite Dr. Li from Qinghua University to give us a talk on the environment problem and he will also tell us about the improvement in environment protection in recent years in Beijing.

• The report will begin at 2:00 pm on Wednesday, April 30th in the auditorium on the third floor in the classroom building. I’m sure we can get enough information from his talk to make good preparations for the coming talk show. Everyone should be there on time, then listen to the report and make full notes at the same time.By the way, we will have a discussion after the report.That’s all. Thank you.

★精彩的首尾句★通俗易懂的短语★多样的句型★恰当的连接词★规范的书写

★3 个段落★3—5 个高级词汇★3—5 个句型★3—5 个连接词★12 句 15行

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