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tLh nuQ} hf8f] ;'? x'G5 .

hf8f] df / fd|f] cf] 9\g] l;/ s 5} g, Tof] klg

C0f u/ ] / } lsGg] xf] . 3/ df pAhgL x'g]

cGgsf] gfddf ds} l;jfo c?

s] xL x'Fb} g . slxn] sfxL+

rfdnsf] eft vfp eGg] nfUof] eg] lsg] / vfg] xf] . cfo;|f] t

s] xL 5} g . / fte/ log} s'/ f

dgdf v] n] / lgbfpg} lbPgg\ .

a'9L d:tn] ;'tL . ;fob ltnx/ Lsf]

;kgf b] Vb} 5] xf] nf .

…P a'9f, of] tLhdf tLg cfgfsf] eP klg ltnx/ L agfOlbG5' eg] sf xf} , tLh cfpg Ps xKtf 5} g, v} rfnr'n ub} {gf} tf] .Ú

3/ sf] k] 6Ldf a;] / ds} vf] ;] Nb} u/ ] sL a;GtLn] 7§} 7§fdf cfˆgf dfu km] l/ bf] xf] ¥ofO{ . k} nf t l/ ;n] slG;/ L tft] , d'vdf ufnLsf zAbx? lg:sg} nfu] sf lyP, t/ km] l/ ;f] r] +– xf] t lg . eg] s} t x'F of] tLhdf kSsf eg] / .

…of] ;fn gSsnL ;'gsf] ltnx/ L lsgL lbG5', csf] { ;fn kSsf eof] .Ú

…ef] Tof] hfaf] gSsnL nfpg' eGbf t gnfpg' a] z . ;S5f} eg] ;SsnL lsGb] p xf] Og eg] kb} {g .Ú

a;GtL cln l/ ;fxf g} 5] . 3/ sf] cj:yf p;nfO{ / fd|f] ;Fu yfxf 5 . t/ klg slxn] sfxL+ afWotf a'‰b} g . clg dnfO{ ´gSs l/ ; p7\5 . cfh klg l/ ; p7] s} xf] t/ / x/ p;sf] xf] clg afWotf d] / f] ePsfn] d '́Sg'kg] { lyof] . / '́s] klg .

…?s, lhDbf/ ;fONafn] clnslt C0f lbP eg] t] / f] ;kgf klg of] tLhd} k"/ f ulb{Dnf . t/ clxn] sfdsf] a] nf tgfj gb] .Ú

a;GtLsf] cg'xf/ rfpl/ of] , 7':; k/ L . ds} vf] ;] Nb} ptf kmsL{ . d p;nfO{ lh:sfpg yfn] +, …tF ha 7':; k5] {;\ lg a•L, dfF s;d e:d} / fd|L b] lvG5] ;\ . t/ t] / f] gfs r} + v} lsg xf] , s'v'/ fsf] 7f] / h:tf] r'Rrf] kf5] {;\ / cln ;'xfpFb} g .Ú

p;n] dlt/ x] l/ g . cfˆg} sfddf nflu/ xL . ;f] Rb} xf] nL o:tf gfnfos kf] O x'g'eGbf t gePs} hftL . t/ o:tf] g;f] r] / ;fob slt ;f] ́ f] 5 d] / f] kf] O d] / f] v'zLsf nflu cfkm' ?g tof/ 5 eGg] ;f] r] sL klg t x'g ;S5] lg of/ .

…n, n w] / } ;] G6L d'8 gagf, ef] ln Aofg} lhDbf/ ;fONafsf] 3/ df uP/ ?Kk] dfu] / t] / f] nflu tLg cfgfsf] ltnx/ L / d] / f nflu Ps hf] / sk8f lsGg'knf{ .Ú

…ef] , ef] k/ ] g, C0f u/ ] / ;'g nfpg' 5} g dnfO{ . h'g lbg ;S5f} ToxL+ lbg lslGbg" .Ú

c/ ] afkm / ] . a•Lsf] lbdfu cfÚsf] ls l/ ;df af] n] sL < d 5Ss k/ ] + . p;sf] d'xf/ df x] / ] + . xfF;f] lyPg . lgwf/ rfp/ L k/ ] sf] lyof] . nfUYof] – a;GtL l/ ;d} af] n] sL xf] , kmsfpg'k5{ Ps} l5g eP klg .

…d] / f] a'9LnfO{ oxL+ tLhdf ltnx/ L lslGbG5', t/ Psk6s xfF;] / lrof agfpg hf . ef] s nfUof] .Ú

a'9Ln] cg'xf/ n'sfP/ xfF;L . d p;sf] xfF;f] df ;+;f/ e'Ng rfxGy] + . t/ p;n] cg'xf/ b] vfOg .

p uO{ . t/ dgdf s'/ f v] Ng 5f8] gg\ . olb lhDbf/ ;fONafn] ?Kk] C0f lbPgg\ eg] p;sf] tLh of] aif{ klg g/ dfOnf] ;Fu laTg] 5 . lax] u/ ] sf] oqf] aif{ eof] t/ p;sf] ltnx/ L

nfpg] wf] sf] cfh;Dd k"/ f ug{ g;Sbf cfkm} n] cfkm} nfO{ lwSsf5'{ t/ p;sf] v';Lsf nflu rf] / ] / Nofpg ;lSbgF a? cfkm} laSg ;S5' .

lhDbf/ ;fONaf klg Tolt dgsf/ L bfgaL/ r} + xf] Ogg\ . Aofh ltg] { Ifdtfsf] cfwf/ df nufgL ug{ ?rfpg] ;fdGtL g} x'g\ . t/ Sofg'{ xft k;fg{ hfg dg gx'Fbf gx'Fb} klg pgLsxfF hfg} kg] { lyof] . ef] lnsf] d'Vo sfd d] / f nflu ToxL+ aGof] .

eGg] n] eG5g\– …wgn] ;DkGg eGbf dgn] ;DkGg hLjgdf v'zL x'G5g\ .Ú t/ o:t} rf8kj{ cfpFbf r} + hLjgsf] ;a} eGbf b'MvL cfkm} nfO{ ;f] Rb5' . klNt/ l;/ fg] 3/ df a:g] afcfdfnfO{ slxn] rf8kj{ cfof] eg] / b'O{ ?Kk] vr{ lbg ;lsPsf] 5} g . c? lbg s] xL g;f] r] klg o:t} a] nfdf} sfdf afcfdfn] klg 5f] / faf6 cfzf ubf{ x'g\ eGg] t nfU5 . t/ cfˆgf] cj:yf g} o:tf] 5 . eG5g\ lg …cfkm} t dxfb] j pQfgf] k/ , s;n] b] nf a/ ÛÚ

…of] tLhdf b/ vfFbf t] / f] 3/ df cfP/ / dfOnf] ug] { eg] sf 5g\ ltd|f ;fnLx?n] . Joa:yf cfkm} ug'{ .Ú

…6] G;g gn] , b'O{ lsnf] df;' NofDnf . b"wsf] lv/ agfDnf, / dfOnf] u/ Dnf .Ú

eGg t elgu] t/ cfwf lsnf] df;' lsGg] x} l;ot 5} g oqf 7"nf ukm Û cfkm} crDddf k/ ] + . t/ olt eGb] ;L a;GtL xfF:5] . cfdfnfO{ xF;fpg g;s] klg :jf:gL xF;fpg] sf] lzz ub} {5' . eGg] x? t eGbf x'g hf] Ol6ª\u|] eg] / . t/ ;a} 5f] / fn] :jf:gL Rofk] / afcfdfaf6 cun x'g xfDnfO{ afcfdf / oxL ;dfhn] g} l;sfPsf] xf] .

tLh nuQ} hf8f] ;'? x'G5 . hf8f] df / fd|f] cf] 9\g] l;/ s 5} g, Tof] klg C0f u/ ] / } lsGg] xf] . 3/ df pAhgL x'g] cGgsf] gfddf ds} l;jfo c? s] xL x'Fb} g . slxn] sfxL+ rfdnsf] eft vfp eGg] nfUof] eg] lsg] / vfg] xf] . cfo;|f] t s] xL 5} g . / fte/ log} s'/ f dgdf v] n] / lgbfpg} lbPgg\ . a'9L d:tn] ;'tL . ;fob ltnx/ Lsf] ;kgf b] Vb} 5] xf] nf . sf] N6] km] b} {df / ft laTof] , laxfgkv Ps} l5g lgbfP5' . p7\g] a] nf cf7 alh;s] sf] lyof] . xtf/ –xtf/ xftd'v kvfn] + . clg lhDbf/ ;fONafsf] 3/ lt/ nlDsPF .

…gd:t] dflns .Úh'Fufn] cf] 7 gb] lvg] , x] b} { 8/ nfUbf lhDbf/

;fONafn] gd:t] kmsf{Pgg\ . Tof] pgsf] :jefj xf] . s;} n] gd:sf/ u¥of] eg] x] 5{g\ t/ d';'Ss xfF;] / slxNo} gd:sf/ kmsf{pFb} gg\ . 3d08n] dflQPsf t/ Sofg{', b'Mvdf sfd nfUg] log} 5g\ .

…eg\ s] slt sfdn] laxfg} otf d'lG6;\ <Ú…;fONaf, aL; xhf/ ?Kk] Aofh] C0f rfOof

Yof] . To} eP/ cf xd\ .Ú…;fjfsf s'/ f 5f8, Aofh} ltg] { t] / f] cf} sft

5} g . dnfO{ af} nfxf s's'/ n] 6f] Sof 5 / tF dfly nufgL ug'{ < laxfg–laxfg lbdfu ttfpg cfÚsf]

5 .Ú…bz} + dfg] / nfp/ hfFb} 5' ;fONaf, sdfP/

ltl/ xfN5' .Ú…kmfN6' s'/ f u/ ] / lbdfu v/ fa gu/ \, d C0f

lbg ;lSbgF .ÚlhDbf/ sf s'/ f ;'g] / To;nfO{ h'?Ss prfn] /

e'OFdf Eofu'tf] k5f/ ] sf] h:t} k5fg{ dg nfUof] . To;sf h'Fuf tfg] / cfFvfaf6 t/ Ss} cfF;' ́ flb{d\ h:t} eof] t/ s] xL ug{ ;Sb} gy] + . l/ ;n] tftf] ePF t/ r'F;Dd gaf] nL aflxl/ PF .

ca sxfF clg sf] ;Fu xft k;fg{ hfg' < a;GtLsf] ltnx/ L nfpg] ;kgf ;fsf/ ug'{ lyof] . p;sf] v'zLd} xhf/ f} + b'Mv e'Ng] d p;nfO{ b'MvL agfP/ s;/ L rf8kj{df / dfpg ;Sy] + / . t/ p;nfO{ v'zL kfg] { pkfo bfofF afofF st} b] lvgF . C0fsf nflu xft k;fg] { c? 7fpF klg lyPgg\ d] / f nflu . uf] hLdf cf7 ;o ?Kk] lyof] – cl:t £o" a] r] sf] , Tof] klg b/ vfg] lbgsf nflu vr{ eg] / st} gdf;L / fv] sf] .

3/ hfg} dg nfu] g, cGt sxfF hfg' < yf] / } ?Kk] n] cfpg] ;fdfg eP klg ahf/ df uP/ lsGg x'GYof] t/ s'/ f aL; xhf/ sf] lyof] . tgfjdf k/ ] sf] lbdfun] s] xL ;f] Rg} ;s] sf] lyPg . o:t} tgfjdf k/ ] / lbdfu km'n] sf] a] nf Ps lvNnL r'/ f] 6 tfg] ;L cln xNsf x'GYof] dnfO{ . p;f] t d} n] gzfsf] ?kdf r'/ f] 6 slxNo} vfOgF t/ o:t} 6] G;g x'Fbf tfGg] u/ ] sf] 5' . d} n] r'/ f] 6 tfg] sf] a;GtLnfO{ ;'OFsf] ;Dd 5} g . r'/ f] 6 lsGg k;n l5/ ] +– v's'/ L r'/ f] 6 Ps lvNnL dfu] + . kfFr ?Kk] lt/ ] +, k;nd} ;nfO{ dfu] / r'/ f] 6 ;NsfPF . k;nd} a;] / w'jfF p8fpFb} lyPF, / ] l8of] df k|rf/ cfpFb} lyof] – …1f/ ] 06L ;'gsf uxgf kfOg] :yfg . x] bf{ ;'gh:t} , 5'§fpg} g;lsg] .Ú o:t} –o:t} s] –s] eGb} lyof] / ] l8of] df . ;fx'hLnfO{ ;f] w] + sxfF k5{ eg] / . p;n] klg w] / } aofg u¥of] gSsnL ;'gsf] . eGb} Yof] …x] / ] / 5'6\ofpg ;lsGg, ;SsnL g} ul/ an] nfP gSsnL / wgLn] gSsnL g} nfP klg ;SsnL x'g] hdfgf cfPsf] 5 . x/ fP klg 8/ e} g, rf] l/ P klg 8/ e} g, ;o ?Kk] df t uhasf d+un;"q kfOG5g\ .Ú

;f] r] h:t} cfOl8of t kfOof] t/ of] >LdtLnfO{ wf] sf xf] ls h:tf] nfUof] . km] l/ ;f] r] s;n] lrG5 / < a;GtLn] lrgf] ;\ lar/ L . cl3 g} ;fx'hLn] elgu] w] / } wgLn] klg oxL hnk nufPsf ;'g nfpg] u/ ] sf 5g\ eg] / . uf] hLdf cf7 ;o hlt lyof] . h:tf eg] To:t} uxgf cfpFy] . k;n a;] sf] 7fpF kQf] nufPF clg nfu] Tot} lt/ .

c/ ] afkm / ] , p:t} of/ . ;SsnL / gSsnL 5'§fpg} g;lsg] , d crDddf k/ ] + . ;'grfFbL uxgf k;nh:t} l;;} l;;fdf ;hfP/ / flvPsf u/ uxgf b] v] / s'g nud h:tf] eof] . ;f] r] +– olb cf} sfteGbf dfly nu] eg] Tof] l;w} + gSsnL eGg] kQf] nfluxfN5 . To;} n] tLg cfgfdf aGg] hqf] ltnx/ L lsg] + Ps ;o krf; ?Kk] df . ltnx/ L / fVg] l8Aaf klg ;'g / fVg] l8Aafh:t} / fd|f] lbof] , d dVv kb{} 3/ lt/ nfu] + .

laxfg eft} gvfO{ lx8] sf] dfG5] lbpF;f] sf] b'O{ ah] cfPsf] b] v] / Psl5g a;GtL as–as u/ L . uf] hLaf6 ltnx/ L / fv] sf] l8Aaf lgsfn] / b] vfOb] Úsf] v'zLn] pHofnf] eO{ . cfFvf / l;nf u/ fO . ;fob cf} sfteGbf dfly p7] / a'9fn] u/ ] sf] dfof b] v] / xf] nf . ltnx/ Lsf] l8AafnfO{ ;'/ lIft;Fu / fvL t/ ;f] lwg\ slt C0f sfl9;\ / slt k¥of] eg] / .

oxL+ hnk nufPsf] ;'gs} sf/ 0fn] a;GtL tLhdf / dfpg] eO{ . ;fnLx?n] tLhsf] / dfOnf] ub} { b/ vfg kfpg] eP . dgdf t kL8f 5Fb} lyof] d] / f] . t/ s] ug'{– afWotf To:t} lyof] . uf] hL 5fd] – c }́ 5 ;o krf; lyof] .

dgdg} ;f] r] +– tLh ;lhn} s6\g] eof] .

g] kfnL ;flxTodf sfn ljefhg ug] { 7f] ; j} 1flgs cfwf/ ePsf] kfOb} g . tfklg cWoogsf] ;/ ntfsf] nflu rf/ v08df / fv] / rrf{ kl/ rrf{ ug] { u/ ] sf] kfOG5 . !– k|f/ lDes sfn, @– pTyfg sfn, #– ljsf; sfn, $– cfw'lgs sfn . efg'eQmeGbf klxn] sf] sfnnfO{ k|f/ lDes sfn . efg'eQmb] lvsf] sfn pTyfg sfn . df] tL/ fdb] lv ljsf; sfn . n] vgfyb] lv xfn;Dd cfw'lgs sfn dfGg] u/ ] sf 5g\ s;} n] . –k|fylds sfn, dfWolds sfn / cfw'lgs sfn eg] / dfGg] u/ ] sf 5g\ . h;n] h;/ L dfg] klg dfWolds sfn jf ljsf; sfnsf k|jt{s df] tL/ fd g} dflgG5g\ .

x/ ] s o'udf Pp6f o'u k'?ifsf] hGd x'G5 eG5g\ . b] z / ;dfhnfO{

prfOdf k'¥ofpgsf nflu h;n] s7Lg kl/ l:yltdf klg v6] / sfd u/ ] sf] x'G5 . To:tf JolQmnfO{ ;a} n] dxfg eg] / dfGg] ub{5g\ . h;n] ;dfhdf Tofu, tk:of u/ ] / sLlt{ / fVg ;kmn ePsf x'G5g\ . To:tf JolQmnfO{ pg} sf sfdx?n] cd/ agfPsf x'G5g\ . To:t} cd/ ePsf ;flxTosf/ x'g\– df] tL/ fd e§ .

df] tL/ fd e§sf] hGd sflGtk'/ ef] l;sf] 6f] ndf ;+= !(@# efb| cf} +;Lsf lbg ePsf] xf] . logsf dftflktfsf] gfd l/ k'dlb{gL e§ / bof/ fd e§ xf] . bof/ fd e§sL dfOnL cfdf sfzL a:g uPsL x'gfn] bof/ fd / l/ k'dlb{gL klg ;] jfsf nflu sfzL hfFbf 5 jif{sf df] tL/ fd !(@* df cfdfsf ;fy sfzL uPsf x'g\ . pgn] !(@& df kfFr jif{sf] pd] / df k'/ fgf] kl/ kf6L cg';f/ cIf/ f/ De ul/ ;s] sf lyP . sfzL -agf/ ;_df a:bf kmf/ ;L :s"ndf lzIff kfPsf df] tL/ fd;Fu kmf/ ;L, pb"{, lxGbL cflb efiffdf / fd|f] bVvn / x] sf] kfOG5 . cf7 jif{sf] pd] / df lxGb" k/ Dk/ fcg';f/ df] tL/ fdsf] pkgog ;+:sf/ ;DkGg ePsf] b] lvG5 . To;kl5 ;+= !(#& df !% jif{sf] pd] / df pgsf] ljjfx ePsf] b] lvG5 . s] xL ;do df] tL/ fd 3/ d} a;] . !(#* df pgL k'gM agf/ ; uP . lxGbL efiffdf n] v] sf ;flxTosf lstfa b] v] / lognfO{ klg g] kfnL efiffdf

;flxTo n] Vg] , c?nfO{ n] Vg nufpg] OR5f hfu] / cfof] . logL s'zfu| a'l4sf lyP . agf/ ;sf] a;fOdf lxGbL ;flxTosf ljåfg ef/ t] Gb' xl/ ZrGb|;Fu df] tL/ fdsf] ;'dw'/ ;DaGw / x] sf] kfOG5 . logn] cfkm" ldNbf efiffk|] dL ;fyLx?sf] Pp6f ;d"x agfPsf lyP, h;nfO{ df] tL d08nL elgGYof] . logn] z'?df cfkm\gf] …dgf] å] u k|jfxÚ k|sflzt u/ ] . / fds[i0f adf{sf] ;xfotf lnP/ logn] 5fkfvfgf vf] n] . o;sf] Joj:yfks klg cfkm} eP . oxL k|] ;af6 klxnf] g] kfnL klqsf …uf] vf{ ef/ t hLjgÚ k|sflzt u/ ] . o;/ L df] tL/ fd g] kfnsf klxnf kqsf/ / ;Dkfbs x'g k'u] . k|] dnfn sfˆn] , t] haxfb'/ / fgfnufotsf JolQmx?sf] ;xfotfn] !($! df efg'eQmsf] / fdfo0fsf] afnsf08 df] tL/ fdn] 5kfP . !($$ df efg'eQmsf] ;Dk"0f{ / fdfo0f klg k|sflzt u/ ] sf] b] lvG5 . efg'eQmsf] hLjgL n] v] / efg'eQmnfO{ lrgfpg] sfd klg u/ ] .

gfrufg / uhndf df] tL/ fdnfO{ 7"nf] zf] v lyof] . dfWolds sfnsf >[+uf/ ;flxTosf/ / l;s slj df] tL/ fd uhnnfO{ g] kfndf leq\ofpg] klxnf slj x'g\ . !(#*–!($( ;Dddf df] tL/ fdn] w] / } u|Gyx?sf] / rgf ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . Tof] / f0ffzf;gsf] ;dodf ;r] tgf lbnfpg] JolQmnfO{ s8f sf/ afxL ug] { k|rng lyof] . o:tf] ;dodf klg df] tL/ fdn] sf7df8f} +df kfz'kt gfdsf] 5fkfvfgf / 7lx6Ldf

df] tLs[i0f k':tsfno vf] n] . of] g] kfnsf] k'/ fgf] Pjd\ klxnf] k|] ; / k':tsfno xf] . o:tf] sfo{ ubf{ klg df] tLnfO{ s] xL ePg . lsgeg] b] jzdz] / ;Fu logsf] / fd|f] ;DaGw lyof] . !($$ b] lv b] jzdz] / k|wfg ;] gfklt eO;s] sf lyP . Tof] ;dodf / f0ffx?sf] b/ af/ x?df pb"{, lxGbL gf6sx? b] vfpg] sfd x'GYof] . g] kfnLdf gf6sx? lyPgg\ eGbf klg x'G5 . df] tL/ fdn] g] kfnLdf gf6sx? n] v] / v] Ng] , v] nfpg] sfd u/ ] . logn] n] v] sf gf6sx?df zs'Gtnf, lk|oblz{sf, kb\dfjtL / pb"{ gf6s

klg 5g\ . To:t} , cGo s[ltdf uh] Gb| df] If, k+rsk|k+rs, :jKgfWofo, k|XnfbelQm, ;+uLt rGb|f] bo, piffrl/ q, cg'k|f;d~h/ L, rf0fSo gLlt, u'n;gf] j/ , lksb"t, pvfgsf] avfg, sdn e|d/ ;+jfb, afnfhLj0f{g cflb kb{5g\ . logn] ;+= !($* df snsQfaf6 OG6«] G; k/ LIff kf; u/ ] sf lyP . ;+= !(%) df Pkm=P= k/ LIff lbP . ptL0f{ x'g ;s] gg\ . csf] { ;fn la/ fdLsf] sf/ 0fn] k/ LIffdf ;fd] n x'g ;s] gg\ . ;+= !(%# df nfdf] ;do ylnPsf] yfxf kfP/ b] jzdz] / n] df] tLsf] cf} iflw pkrf/ sf nflu k} ;f klg k7fOlbPsf lyP . t/ , !(%# efb| cf} +;Ls} lbg df] tLsf] :juf{/ f] x0f eof] .

df] tL/ fd hDdf #) jif{ dfq hLljt / x] . t/ 5f] 6f] cjlwdf pgn] xfdLnfO{ w] / } u'g nufPsf 5g\ . To;} n] df] tLnfO{ xfdL ;lDem/ xG5f} + . g] kfnL efiff / ;flxTosf ljleGg ljwfdf ;lqmo x'Fb} of] ubfg u/ ] sf] x'gfn] df] tL :d/ 0fLo, aGbgLo / k"hgLo 5g\ . logsf] hlt rrf{ u/ ] klg yf] / } x'G5 . gZj/ hLjgdf klg dxfg\ sfd u/ ] / s] xL dflg;x? cd/ aGg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . To:t} dWo] sf Ps x'g\– df] tL/ fd e§ .

clxn] b] zleq / b] z aflx/ htftt} df] tL hoGtL dgfpg] , rrf{ kl/ rrf{ ug] { sfd eO/ x] sf] 5 . df] tLn] b] vfPsf] dfu{df nfUg] k|] / 0ff ;a} nfO{ k|fKt xf] ;\ eGb} df] tL/ fd e§k|lt zAb >4f JoQm ub{5' .

vu/fh Gof}kfg]

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;do laTb} uof] . cfFvf c:ktfnaf6 b[li6ljxLg s] 6LnfO{ af] nfj6 cfof] . s'g} bfgLn] cfˆgf cfFvf ltg} s] 6LnfO{ eg] / bfg u/ ] 5g\ . ltgLsf] cfFvf k|Tof/ f] k0f ul/ of] . pgL 3/ uOg\ . ;+;f/ b] Vg] eOg\ . bËbf; eOg\ . crDd nfUof] . lhp8fn ldn] sL, / fd|L cem cfFvf b] Vg] ePkl5 ddf s] sdL / Xof] / < ;f] Rb} g;f] r] sf] a] nf pxL k'/ fgf] s] 6f ;fyL pgsf] cufl8 cfP/ pleof] . xfF:of] –af] nfof] / eGof] – ca t cfFvf b] Vg] eof} . d;Fu ljjfx u5] {p ls eg] / k|:tfj lnP/ cfPF eg] / eGof] . s] 6Ln] p;nfO{ x] l/ g\ . p;sf] s] 6f ;fyLnfO{

pgn] b] v] h:tf] sNkgf klg u/ ] sL lyOgg\ . pgL csdSs kl/ g\ . cfkm" cfFvf b] Vg] eO;s] sL ;'Gb/ L / fd|/ L af] Ng ;lsgg\ . pgL klG5g vf] lhg\ .

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pgL lrRofpg, eSsflg+b} vf] Hg bf} l8Og\ . Tolta] nf;Dd ;don] sf] N6f] km] l/ ;s] sf] lyof] .

;'lgof] – / fKtLsf] lsgf/ df cfFvf gb] Vg] s'g} o'jssf] nfz e] l6Psf] 5 / ] .

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@= g] kfnL efiff -:jefiff_g] kfn / fi6«sf ax';+Vos hgtfn] af] Ng] ,

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efiffdf a9\b} cfPsf] of] cJoj:yfn] xfd|f] ul/ df emg\–emg\ xf] lrg'l;jfo csf] { kl/ 0ffd x'Fb} g . clxn] xfd|f o'jfx? o'/ f] k–cd] l/ sflt/ kfOnf / fVg lh=cf/ =O= / 6f] km] nsf] k9fOdf nfvf} + ?lkofF vr{Fb} 5g\ . ljb] zLx?df ToxfF;Ddsf] eflifs ;ts{tf 5, pgLx? cfkm";/ x af] Ng, n] Vg g;Sg] nfO{ e'OF s'Nrg] ;d] t Gofgf] :jLs[lt lbb} gg\ . oxfF klg ljleGg k|ltj] bg tyf zf] wk|aGwx?df zAbsf] z x] / L–x] / L c+u|] hLnfO{ z'4 kfg] { k"0f{ k|of; x'G5 t/ g] kfnL sfdrnfp eP k'U5Ú eGg] dfGotfn] lhlt;s] sf] :ki6} b] lvG5 .

bfªd} cfof] lht Pp6f eflifs uf] i7Ldf ;Da4 ;/ sf/ L If] qsf k|d'v JolQmn] g} g] kfnLsf …If q 1Ú h:tf ;+o'Qm cIf/ x? x6fP x'Fb} g < eg] / ;xh lh1f;f / fv] sf] 36gf o; k|;ª\usf] Pp6f :d[ltlrq xf] . o;/ L x] bf{ b] zleq} g] kfnL efiffn] bf] ;|f] bhf{ kfpg yfn] sf] 5 / efiffnfO{ o;/ L a] nufd 5f] l8lbg] xf] eg] cfhsf ;lGw ;Demf} tfsf clen] vx? Psfw ztfAbLkl5 s'g} aflx/ L ljz] if1 lemsfP/ k9fpg'kg] { l:ylt cfpF5 / cfhsf ;h{sx?sf af} l4s Jofofdx? k':tsfnosf b'af] {Wo ef/ x?sf ?kdf 9fF8df sf] lrP/ ylGsg] lbg klg w] / } 6f9f x'Fb} g .

$= hggL efiff ;+:s[tdf eflifs dof{bf Mg] kfnL efiffsf] k|of] udf cfPsf] 5f8fkg plrt

xf] Og eGgsf nflu o;sf] dft[efiffsf dgLifLx?åf/ f ;Gtlt lzIffsf lglDt lbOPsf pkb] zx? oxfFg] / k|f;ª\lus 5g\–

– ;+:s[t Jofs/ 0fsf tLgj6f d'lgx?dWo] sf klxnf kfl0flgn] …kfl0fgLo lzIffÚdf eg] –

…s'tLyf{bfut+ bUwdkj0f{~r elIftd\g t:o kf7] df] Iff] ̃l:t kfkfx] l/ j lslNjifft\ ..;'tLyf{bfut+ JoQm+ :jfDgfo+ ;'Jojl:ytd\;':j/ ] 0f ;'jSq] 0f k|o'Qm+ a|Xd/ fht] ..cgIf/ dgfo'io+ lj:j/ + JoflwkLl8td\cIftf z:q?k] 0f jh|+ ktlt d:ts] ..pko'{Qm tLgj6f kBsf] qmdzM efj–…ljlw / dof{bf lau|] sf] kf7n] efiffsf]

nIo ;kmn x'Fb} g, / fd|/ L kf7 ul/ of] -pRrf/ 0f ul/ of] ÷n] lvof] eg] a|Xd?k cfgGb k|fKt x'G5 / cIf/ k"/ } 5'6fpFbf cfo' 36\5, :j/ laufbf{ / f] uL eOG5 t/ cIft -z'4_ k|of] u eof] eg] k|efjsf/ L x'G5Ú eGg] xf] . clg kfl0flg ;b[i6fGt ;'emfj lbG5g\–

Jof3|L oyf x/ ] t\ k'qfg\ b+i6«fEof+ g r kL8o] t\eLtf ktge] bfEof+ tb\jb\ j0ff{g\ k|of] ho] t\ ..p4/ 0fsf] k"0f{ cy{ xf] –…h;/ L al3gLn] cfˆgf 5fp/ f ;fbf{ pgLx?nfO{

gb'Vg] / af6fdf gv:g] u/ L ;fjwfg eP/ nfg] –Nofpg] u5] {, To;} u/ L j0f{x?nfO{ klg s'g} c+z g5f] 8L, s'g} Wjlg glauf/ L pRrf/ 0f ug'{kb{5 .Ú

kfl0flgkl5 csf{ cfrfo{ dxlif{ kt~hln eG5g\– …PsM zAbM ;DoU1ft M ;'k|o'Qm M :ju] { nf] s] r sfdw'u\ ejlt .Ú -dxfefio_

o;sf] cy{ :ki6} 5– Pp6f zAb klg / fd|/ L hfg] / plrt k|of] u ug{ ;Sg] n] o; nf] s / k/ nf] s b'j} df OlR5t k|ltkmn kfpF5 .

x'g klg dflg; s'g} ;efdf af] Ng yfNbf, s'g} ofqfx?df e] l6+bf klxnf] zAbaf6} lrlgg yfN5 . p;sf 1fg, cEof;, ;+:sf/ – lzIff / hGd] –x's] {sf] 7fpF;d] t p;n] k|of] u u/ ] sf Ps–b'O{ zAbleq} JoQm eO;S5g\ .

To:t} Ps hgf lktfn] cfˆgf 5f] / fnfO{ lbPsf] of] ctL{n] klg ;d'lrt efiffk|of] usf] dxTjnfO{ ;dy{g u5{–

oBlk ax' gfwLif] tyflk k7 k'q Jofs/ 0fd\ .:jhg :jhgf] dfe"t\, ;sn+ zsn+ ;s[t\ zs[t\ ..

cyf{t\ …P Û 5f] / f, olb w] / } k9\g ;Sb} g;\ eg] klg Jofs/ 0f t k9\ tfls cfkm\gf] dfG5] eGg'kbf{ s's'/ , ;Dk"0f{ eGg'kbf{ 6'qmf / Psk6s eGg'kbf{ lb;f -dn_ eGg] cy{ nfUg] pRrf/ 0f gxf] ;\ .Ú

o;} u/ L ef/ tsf Pshgf ;+:s[t sljn] –…jf0o] sf ;dnª\s/ f] lt k'?if+ of ;+:s[tf

wfo{t] .Ú -kl/ is[t efiffn] dfq JolQmnfO{ lje"lift u5{_ eg] / efiff kl/ isf/ nfO{ ;jf{lws dxTj lbPsf 5g\ . k'vf{x?n] olt w] / } ;ts{tfk"j{s hf] ufP/ / fv] sf] cfkm\gf] eflifs k/ Dk/ fnfO{ ;+/ If0f / kfng ug{ g;Sg' xfd|f] ult5f8f k|j[lQs} kl/ rfos xf] . To;} n] ca hfu/ 0f ckl/ xfo{ 5, cfjZos ;'wf/ sf lglDt ;r] ttf clgjfo{ 5 .

%= eflifs ;d'Tyfgsf nflu cfjZos k|oTgx? M;j{k|yd g] kfnL efiffsf] dfpefiff -;+:s[t_l;t

gofF k':tf kl/ lrt x'g} k5{ . s'g} klg efiffsf] dft[u'0fsf] klxrfg / ;'/ Iff gx'Fbf;Dd :jTj/ Iff ;Dej 5} g . t;y{ ca ljnDa gu/ L ljutsf] åGåsfnb] lv ljlR5Gg ePsf] ;+:s[t k7g–kf7gsf] k/ Dk/ fnfO{ cem kl/ dflh{t ?kdf cf/ De ug{ cTofjZos 5 .

– ca afnaflnsfx?nfO{ efiff l;sfpFbf :j/ –Jo~hg l;sfpg] a] nfb] lv g} pRrf/ 0fd} e] b u/ ] / x|:j, bL3{, j a cflb a'emfpg] k|oTg ug'{k5{ / o / n j j0f{l;t cGo ;a} Jo~hg ;+o'Qm u/ L So qm Sn Sj sf] 9fFrfdf l;sfpg} k5{ . Ps} rf] l6 zAb k9fP k'U5 eGg] dfGotfn] e|fGt ePsfx?nfO{ j0f{x?sf] ;'lzIf0f cToGt pkof] uL x'g] 5 .

– ;a} ;~rf/ u[xx?n] sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/ j/ 0f u/ ] h:t} cfkm"af6 k|;fl/ t x'g] efiff k7gLo / cg's/ 0fLo agfpg cfjZos ;+Vofdf efifflj1x? j/ 0f ug] { / ;xof] u lng] k|rngdf j[l4 ug'{k5{ / >Jo–b[Zo ;~rf/ dfWodsf Joj:yfksx?n] cfkm\gf k|;f/ 0f lgoldt, lg/ jlR5Gg ;'Gg] , x] g] { / uNtL ePsf] b] lvPdf tTsfn ;Rofpg] / Ifdfofrgf;d] t ug] { lzi6tf k|bz{g ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 . ;fy} o; If] qdf JolQm lgo'Qm ubf{ lnlvt / df} lvs efiffk/ LIff lng} k5{ .

– ufpF–gu/ sf ef} lts ;+/ rgfx?sf] lgdf{0fdf gS;fkf;;lxt :jLs[lt lng] k|rngsf] lj:tf/ eO/ xFbf ufpF;x/ df ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|of] u x'g] ;"rgf, Jofj;flos lj1fkg cflbsf] efiff k|of] u x'g'k"j{ x] g] { lgsfo / kl/ kf6Lsf] yfngLsf nflu klg ca dfu p7\g'k5{, ;Eo k/ Dk/ fsf] nflu clnslt kxn / cfTdfg'zf;g ;Eo gful/ sx?n] b] vfpg} k5{ .

– xfdL jQmfx?n] cf} krfl/ s ?kdf af] Nbf ljsNk x'Fbf;Dd ;se/ Pp6} efiffsf] k|of] uaf6 cfkm\gf] egfO k"/ f ug'{k5{ . slxn] sfxL+ Ot/ efiffsf] 1fg klg cfkm"df 5 eg] / b] vfpg] k|nf] egdf jQmfx?n] cfkm\g} efiffdf cfkm\gf] bl/ b|tf b] vfO/ x] sf x'G5g\ . e/ ;s Tof] l:yltaf6 / fd|f] jQmfn] cfkm"nfO{ arfpg} k5{ .

– ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|of] u x'g] uLt–;+uLt cflb efiff;fdu|L k|;f/ 0fk"j{ plrt–cg'lrt x] / L cg'dlt lbg] lgsfosf] f Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

– cfkm" / cfkm";Da4 sfo{If] qdf efiffsf] cf} krfl/ s k|of] u ubf{ sDtLdf xfn k|rngdf / x] sf k|ltli7t zAbsf] zx?sf] ;LdfnfO{ ggf£g] -oyfjt\ cg';/ 0f ug] {_ ;ª\sNk ug{ ;lsof] eg] dfq klg eflifs ;Eotfdf clnslt / f] ug ylkG5 . / , cGTodf ;a} lt/ o:t} eflifs k'ghf{u/ 0fx?

yKb} Pp6f a[xt\ tyf ;fy{s / fli6«o efiff;Dd] ng u/ L ;s] ;Dd ;j{dfGo gq cTolws hgdfGo efiffljwfg agfP/ nf] snfO{ To;df bLlIft ug] { u/ L dof{bfkfngsf] lzi6 k/ Dk/ f a;fNg'k5{ / cfkm\gf] eflifs lglwdfly uf} / j ug] { l:yltsf nflu ;r] t ju{ hfu[t / lqmofzLn x'g'k5{ . c:t' Û

k|:t't ljrf/ kq df] tL hoGtLsf] cj;/ df @)&@ ebf} @^ ut] zlgaf/ ;jf] {bo k':tsfno tyf jfrgfnosf] cfof] hgfdf 3f] / fxL, bfªdf x'g] …eflifs ;r] tgf ;+uf] i7LÚsf nflu tof/ ul/ Psf] xf] .

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lgdf{0f ul/ g] hgd'lQm ;] gf, g] kfnL gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf] eljio / 5fkfdf/ o'4sf] af/ ] df ;d] t Jofks ax; rnfOof] . ;fy} ;+;bjfbL / fhgLlts bnx?n] 3f] if0ff ug] { tof/ L ul/ / x] sf] kZrufdL tyf k|ltufdL ;+ljwfg / To;kl5sf] g] kfnsf] / fhgLlts cj:yf s:tf] xf] nf < eGg] ljifodf klg Jofks ?kdf ax; rnfOof] . o;sf cltl/ Qm blIf0f Pl;ofsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? / ltgLx?sf] eljiosf af/ ] df / ef/ tdf ef/ tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf] jfbL_n] ;~rfng ul/ / x] sf] hgo'4sf af/ ] df klg 7"nf] ax; rnfof} + . ;fy} sDkf] ;f, qmflGtsf/ L cGt/ fli6«o cfGbf] ng -l/ d_sf af/ ] df klg Jofks ?kdf ax; rnfof} + .

lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] lgdGq0ff / xfd|f] kf6L{ g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{–dfcf] jfbLsf] lg0f{o adf] lhd d] / f] g] t[Tjdf g] skf–dfcf] jfbLsf] kfFr ;b:oLo rLg cWoog e|d0f 6f] nL !$ h'nfO{ @)!% -@)&@ c;f/ @(_ sf lbg rLgsf] / fhwfgL a] Olhª k'u] sf] lyof] . 6f] nLsf cGo ;b:ox?df g] skf–dfcf] jfbLsf s] Gb|Lo ;b:oåo b] a] Gb| >] i7 / s'df/ L df] Stfg, sf:sL lhNnf ;lrj ch'{g 5Gt] n / ef] hk'/ sL b'uf{ / fO{ x'g'x'GYof] . ;fy} g] skf -dfn] _, g] dlskf / g] kfnL sf+u|] ;af6 kfFr÷kfFr hgf k|ltlglwx? klg To; cj;/ df rLgdf k'u] sf lyP .

xfdL lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] cGt/ f{li6«o ljefun] a] Olhªdf !$ / !% h'nfO{ @)!% -@( / #) ;fpg @)&@_ df cfof] hgf u/ ] sf] …lrlgofF ljz] iftf;lxtsf] ;dfhjfb / rLgsf] jt{dfg cy{–/ fhgLltÚ laifos ;] ldgf/ df efu lngsf lglDt k'u] sf] lyof} + . !$ h'nfO{ @)!% sf lbg lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] Central Compila�on and Transforma�on Bureau n] a] Olhªdf cfof] hgf u/ ] sf] …lrlgofF ljz] iftf;lxtsf] ;dfhjfbÚsf] cfly{s gLltaf/ ] cy{–lj1x?n] rLgsf] ljut, jt{dfg / eljiosf] of] hgf;d] t k|:t't u/ ] sf lyP . pgLx?n] dfcf] sf] g] t[Tjdf ;g !(^^–!(&^ ;Dd ;~rflnt ;j{xf/ f ;fF:s[lts qmflGtn] rLgsf] ljsf;sf] ultnfO{ k5fl8 kf/ ] sf] ;g\ !(&*–!(*) df rLgn] ef] sd/ Lsf] ;fdgf ug'{k/ ] sf] , !((^ b] lv @))# ;Dd rLgn] t] ;|f] ljZjo'4sf] nflu tof/ L ubf{ cfly{s ?kdf rLg kl5 k/ ] sf] t/ @))# df cGt/ f{li6«o Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf lnPkZrft\ ;g @))^ b] lv rLgn] cfly{s ?kdf b|'tultn] ljsf; u/ ] sf] / clxn] rLg ljZjs} bf] ;|f] wgL / fi6« ePsf] atfPsf lyP . lrlgofF hgtf ;/ b/ k|ltJolQm cfo ;ft xhf/ cd] l/ sL 8n/ / x] sf] klg atfOPsf] lyof] . %! k|ltzt lrlgofF hgtfnfO{ zx/ Ls/ 0f ul/ ;lsPsf] / cfufdL !) aif{df &! k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ zx/ Ls/ 0f u/ L ;Sg] lrlgofF gLlt / x] sf] / l5§} ;Dk"0f{ hgtfnfO{ zx/ Ls/ 0f ul/ ;Sg] / zx/ / ufpFsf] cGt/ nfO{ l5§} x6fpg] lrlgofF lglt / x] sf] atfOPsf] lyof] . ;fy} pBf] u Joj;fodf ^% k|ltzt lghL nufgL / x] sf] / #% k|ltzt ;/ sf/ L nufgL / x] sf] t/ ;/ sf/ L nufgLsf] Joj:yfkg nyflnª\u ePsf] / lghL nufgLsf] Joj:yfkg / fd|f] / x] sfn] l5§} ;a} nufgLnfO{ lghLs/ 0f ul/ ;Sg] lrlgofF gLlt

/ x] sf] atfOPsf] lyof] . Jofkf/ , Joj;fo / ko{6g Joj;fonfO{ d'Vo ?kdf a9fjf lbOPsf] klg ToxfF atfOPsf] lyof] .

pQm ;] ldgf/ df k|:t't ul/ Psf] rLgsf] jt{dfg cy{ / fhgLltsf] 8f6fnfO{ x] bf{ rLgdf ju{ pTyfg eO;s] sf] , rLg ;dfhjfbL lzlj/ af6 Psflwsf/ k"FhLjfblt/ cufl8 al9/ x] sf] ljZn] if0f;lxtsf] kf6L{ ljrf/ d} n] / cGo / fhgLlts kf6L{sf ;fyLx?n] cGt/ lqmofsf dfWodaf6 / fv] kl5 Jofks ax; ePsf] lyof] . lrlgofFx?n] rLlgofF laz] iftfsf] ;dfhjfbsf] cfly{s gLlt ;xL ePsf] !% h'nfO{ @)!% -#) c;f/ @)&@_ sf lbg a] Olhªdf lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] cGt/ f{li6« ljefusf pkdGqL bfcf] OGof] ª -DOU ENYOUNG_ sf] pkl:yltdf / lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ cGt/ f{li6«o ljefusf] Jo"/ f] sf hg/ n 8fO/ ] S6/ sf] ;d] t pkl:yltdf cGt/ f{li6«o ljefun] cfof] hgf u/ ] sf] …lrlgofF ljz] iftf;lxtsf] ;dfhÚ gfds ;] ldgf/ df efu lnPsf] lyof} + . d} n] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] wf/ 0ff k|:t't u/ ] sf] lyPF eg] cGo kf6L{sf] ;fyLx?n] cf–cfˆgf wf/ 0ff / fVg'ePsf] lyof] .

pQm ;] ldgf/ df k|:t't ul/ Psf] lrlgofF ljz] iftf;lxtsf] ;dfhjfbsf ljz] iftf / cl3Nnf] lbgdf k|:t't ul/ Psf] cfly{s gLlt;d] t ;du| 8f6f x] bf{ rLg ;dfhjfbL d'n's geP/ Psflwsf/ k'lhjfblt/ bf} 8L / x] sf] d'n's / x] sf] ljZn] if0f k|:t't ul/ Pkl5 7"n} ax; rNof] / lrlgofF g] tfx?n] xfdL rLgnfO{ …ljZjs} ;femf rf} tf/ LÚ lgdf{0f ug{ rfxG5f} + . of] g} lrlgofF ;kgf xf] eg] sf lyP / of] hgf kf6L{sf] !^ cf} + / fli6«o dxflwj] zgn] kfl/ t u/ ] sf] atfPsf lyP .

!% h'nfO{ @)!% -#) c;f/ @)&@_ sf lbg ;fFem a] Olhªl:yt d a;] sf] WANSHOU HOTEL df lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ cGt/ f{li6«o ljefu Pl;of Jo"/ f] sf pk–lgb] zs tyf blIf0f Plzof OGrfh{ sd/ ] 8 WANG ZHENG / d] / f] aLrdf nfdf] ax; eof] . pQm ax;df jfªn] g] kfnsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? km'6\g'sf sf/ 0faf/ ] 7"nf] rf;f] / lh1f;ff / fVg'ePsf] lyof] . d} n] g] kfnsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? km'6\g'sf] d'Vo sf/ 0f kf6L{sf] g] t[Tj ug{] g] tfx?sf] ;} 4flGts a} rfl/ s :t/ sdhf] / x'g', dfS;{jfb–n] lggjfb–dfcf] jfbsf] 6k/ 6'ofF tl/ sfn] cWoog ug'{ / dfn] dfjfbnfO{ u|x0f u/ ] / Jojxf/ df nfu' ug{ g] tfx? sdhf] / x'g', cfd kf6L{ k+lQmleq :s'lnª of] hgfa4 9+un] grnfOg', g] tfx?df ;} 4flGts a} rfl/ s :t/ sdhf] / ePsf sf/ 0f l5§} blIf0fkGyL cj;/ jfbn] k|j] z ug{' / To;n] JolQmjfbL dxTjfsf+IffnfO{ a9fP/ kf6L{ km'6fNg] tx;Dd k'Ug, kf6L{leq ;~rfng ePsf] b'OnfOg ;+3if{nfO{ ljrf/ wf/ fTds ?kdf ;xL 9+un] xn ug{ g;Sg'sf sf/ 0f g} g] kfnsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ km'l6/ x] sf] tYo k|:t't u/ ] sf] lyPF . d'Voul/ g] tfx?sf] ;} 4flGts÷a} rfl/ s :t/ sdhf] / x'g' g} g] kfnsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? km'6\g] u/ ] sf 5g\ eg] ljifodf 7"nf] ax; rnfPsf lyof} + .

jfªn] g] kfnsf s'g–s'g sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? qmflGtsf/ L / s'g–s'g sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? blIf0fkGyL ;+zf] wgjfbL x'g\ < eGg] k|Zg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . hjfkmdf d} n] xfd} | kf6L{ g] skf–dfcf] jfbL g} d'Vo ul/ qmflGtsf/ L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ xf] / o;afx] s dft[sf ofbjn] g] t[Tj u/ ] sf] g] skf -dfcf] jfbL_, dl0f yfkfn] g] t[Tj u/ ] sf] qmflGtsf/ L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ g] kfn / k/ L yfkfn] g] t[Tj u/ ] sf] g] skf -PsLs[t_ klg qmflGtsf/ L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] k+lQmdf / x] sf] atfPF eg] Pdfn] , Pdfcf] jfbL d'Vo u/ L blIf0fkGyL ;+zf] wgjfbL / gj;+zf] wgjfbL / x] sf] / cGo ;fgf sDo'lgi6 36sx? klg blIf0fkGyL ;+zf] wgjfbL lsQfd} / x] sf] af/ ] df klg 7"n} ax; ePsf] lyof] .

pQm e] 6jftf{df g] kfndf xfd|f] kf6L{ ;ftf} + / fli6«o dxflwj] zgaf6 hgo'4sf] hudf hgljb|f] xsf] sfo{lbzfsf af/ ] df klg Jofks ax; ul/ of] / xfd|f] kf6L{sf] kxndf lgdf{0f ul/ g] hgd'lQm ;] gfsf] lgdf{0f af/ ] df klg Jofks ax; ul/ of] . 5fkfdf/ o'4 tyf g] kfnL gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf af/ ] df klg Jofks ax; ul/ of] .

sd/ ] 8 jfªn] lh1f;f / rf;f] / fv] adf] lhd ef/ tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf] jfbL_n] ;~rfng ul/ / x] sf] ;z:q hgo'4k|lt xfd|f] kf6L{ g] skf–dfcf] jfbLsf] P] Soj4tf / x] sf] t/ pgLx?sf] ultljlw e"ldut / ;z:q ePsf] n] cGo ljifosf] cfbfg k|bfg eg] gePsf] af/ ] df d} n] kf6L{sf] wf/ 0ff / fv] sf] lyPF .

sDkf] ;f / l/ dsf] af/ ] df klg jfªåf/ f lh1f;f / flvPsf] df sDkf] ;f xfd|f] kf6L{s} kxndf dxfg bz jif{] hgo'4sf] a] nf lgdf{0f ul/ Psf] t/ clxn] lgl:qmo / x] sf] / To;nfO{ k'ghf{u/ 0f ug{] xfd|f] kf6L{ of] hgf / x] sf] d} n] k|i6 kf/ ] sf] lyPF . l/ d eg] nueu lj36g eO;s] sf] / csf{] qmflGtsf/ L cGt/ f{li6«o s] Gb|sf] lgdf{0fsf nflu kxn ug] { xfd|f] kf6L{n] lg0f{o ul/ ;s] sf] atfPsf] lyPF .

pQm ax; / e] 6jftf{df d"ntM g] kfn Pp6f cw{;fdGtL / cw{–gjcf} klgj] lzs d'n's / x] sf] / o;k|sf/ sf] cj:yfdf / x] sf] g] kfndf gofF hgjfbL qmflGt g] kfnL qmflGt d'Vo sfo{qmd / x] sf] af/ ] df ax; ul/ of] . g] kfnL gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf nflu hgd'lQm ;] gf lgdf{0fsf] clgjfo{ cfjZostf / x] sf] af/ ] df Jofks ax; ul/ of] t/ blIf0fkGyL cj;/ jfb / blIf0fkGyL ;+zf] wgjfb g] kfnL gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf nflu d'Vo afws / x] sf] ljifodf klg Jofks ax; rnfOof] . lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ g] kfndf ;~rfng ul/ g] gofF hgjfbL qmflGtk|lt ;sf/ fTds / x] sf] kfOof] .

ax;s} qmddf g] kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngdf blIf0fkGyL ;+zf] wgjfbL / gj;+zf] wgjfbLx?sf] afx'Notf / x] sf] / g] kfndf qmflGtsf/ Lx? sdhf] / / x] sf] af/ ] df klg Jofks ax; rnfPsf lyof} + . / clGtddf g] kfndf gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf] j:t'ut cfjZostf sfod / x] sf] af/ ] df xfdL b'j} hgf ;xdt ePsf lyof} + . afFsL s'/ f sd/ ] 8 jfªn] xfd|f] kf6L{ g] skf–dfcf] jfbLsf] pRr g] t[Tj;Fu

5nkmn rnfpF5f} + eGg'ePsf] lyof] .( h'nfO{ @)!% sf lbg l;r'jfg k|fGtsf]

/ fhwfgL 5] Gb"df lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ cGt/ f{li6« ljefusf pk–lgb] {zs sd/ ] 8 SHAO LIANG / d] / f] aLrdf JING JINYANG xf] 6] ndf nfdf] e] 6jftf{ ePsf] lyof] .

of] eGbf klxn] xfdL rLgsf] l;r'jfg k|fGtsf] cfKkf lhNnfsf] ;f] odf] ufpFdf ;g @))* d] !@ ut] sf lbg pTkGg ePsf] zlQmzfnL e"sDkn] k'¥ofPsf] Iflt / To;kl5 k'gMlgdf{0f ul/ Psf] 7fpFsf] cjnf] sg ug'{sf ;fy} l;r'jfg k|fKtsf] / fhwfgL 5] Gb'sf] cTofw'lgs zx/ lgdf{0fsf] cjnf] sg, ldg gbLsf] l;rfO kl/ of] hgf, ko6{g Joj;fo, ljB't pTkfbg tyf lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] If] qdf ToxfF ul/ Psf] ljsf; / PlUha] ;g xnsf] cfGbf] ng / kfG8f lrl8ofvfgfsf] cjnf] sg u/ ] sf lyof} + . ;fy} km' Rofgog k|fGtsf] / fhwfgL l;d] g zx/ sf] cjnf] sg / ;d'b|Lt6sf] cjnf] sg, l;e] g ljZjljBfnonufot af} 4 u'Dafx?sf] klg cjnf] sg ul/ Psf] lyof] .

a] Olhª ;] ldgf/ df efu lnPkZrft\ u|] 6jfn / dfcf] sf] zj / flvPsf] dfcf] d] df] l/ on xn / t] gd] og rf] ssf] cjnf] sg e|d0f klg u/ fPsf] lyof] . !& h'nfO{ @)!% -@@ c;f/ @)&@_ b] lv !& h'nfO{ @)!% ;fpg @)&@ ;Dd !! lbgdf e|d0f k"/ f u/ L :jb] z kms{] sf lyof} + .

lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] lgdGq0ff / lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] of] hgf, ;dofljlw / ljifox?df ;a} sfo{x? ;Sg'kg{] ePsf] n] h'g–h'g 7fpFsf] cWoog e|d0f / cjnf] sg u/ fOof] tL ;a} sf] cf–cfˆg} dxTj / x] sf] 5 . rLgn] u/ ] sf] csNkgLo ljsf; / k|ult tyf lj1fg k|ljlwsf If] qdf u/ ] sf] ljsf;sf af/ ] df rLgd} k'u] / :jod\ cWoog ug{' hLjgs} nflu Pp6f dxTk"0f{ cj;/ xf] . o;sf afah'b klg lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] cGt/ f{li6«o Jo"/ f] n] cfof] hgf u/ ] sf] lrlgofF ljz] iftf;lxtsf] ;dfhjfb gfds ;] ldgf/ df kf6L{sf] ld;gsf] ?kdf efu lng' / Jofks ax; ;~rfng tyf lrlgofF g] tfx?;Fu d] / f] 5'§} e] 6jftf{ / ax; eof] . of] g} hLjgsf] nflu Hofb} dxTjk"0f{ ca;/ ldn] sf] dx;'; u/ ] sf] 5' .

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xfjfdf};d a]df};drln/xG5 yl/yl/sf] xfjf/ kftx?k5\ofO/xG5g\ To;nfO{

rln/xG5 xfjf 7f]lSsG5 kxf8df/,kms{G5 af/Daf/xfjfn] kxf8 9fNg ;Qm}gxfjfn] kxf8 9fn]sf] Oltxf; 5}g

aGg'k5{ dflg; :jfledfgsf] kxf8;fx;sf] lxdfn/, 9Ng' x'Fb}g sdhf]/ xfjfsf] emf]Ssfn] h;/L em5{g\ ;'s]sf kftx? ;'s]sf kfth:t} dflg;x? .

clxn] klgrf/}lt/rln/x]5 b"lift xfjf/, 9ln/x]5g\xfjfsf] emf]Ssfdf;'s]sf kfth:t} sdhf]/ dflg;x? .)))

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/tGwf] /tGwf] nfu]kl5–cfFv} b]Vg 5f8\bf] /x]5 dfG5]

r/fx? lr/la/–lr/la/ ug]{ k|ftMsfn ;"o{ 3/ kms{g] uf]w"ln ;fFem ljBfno hfFb} u/]sf afnsx? lzz'nfO{ :tgkfg u/fO/x]sf cfdfx? v]tdf sfd ubf{ub}{ kl;gfn] g'xfPsf ls;fgx? kfgLdf gfRb} a];'/n] kf}l8/x]sf df5fx?

/tGwf] nfu]kl5–;a} Pp6} b]lvbf] /x]5– cFWof/f] u'kmfh:tf]

nkSs a;]sf] skfndf rfofh:tf] x6fpg vf]Hbf gx6\g] cfˆg} 5fofh:tf] x'Fbf]/x]5 …cFw]/L gu/Ú em}+ dfG5]

/tGwf] cfFvfdf nfU5 t/, n7\ofpF5 o;n] gfs÷sfg÷dl:tisagfOlbG5– ljrf/z"Go To;}n] t /tGwf] nfu]kl5k|x/L rf]/;Fu ldqtf ufF:bf] /x]5 slj d[To'sf] sljtf /Rbf] /x]5 k|zf;s ax'nfxfem}+ 9'ª\uf xfGbf] /x]5 zf;s lg/f]sf] afF;'/Lsf] tfndf /Tof}nL uLt ufpFbf] /x]5

/tGwf] nfu]kl5–;+;f/ g} x'Fbf] /x]5– ANofs xf]n h:tf] .)))

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x] aGbstf{aGb gu/ aGb xfdLnfO{ rflxb}gv'Nnf /flvb]pm g/f]s xfdLnfO{ k':ts ;dfpgaf6lsg /f]S5f} xfdLnfO{ :s"n hfgaf6To;}n] x] aGbstf{d n]Vb}5' ltd|f] af/]df sljtf .

lsg lauf5f}{ xfdL ljBfyL{sf] eljiox] aGbstf{ k|x/LnfO{ gagfp afWolsg Hofg hfg] u/L u5f}{ em8kcfkm\gf] Hofg t u'dfpF5f}ltd|} sf/0fn] b]z / hgtfn] klg ef]U5g\ w]/} b'Mv .

d ljz]if ltd|} af/]df n]Vb}5' sljtfs] u¥of} ltdLn] cl:t s}nfnL l6sfk'/dfP;P;kL nId0f Gof}kfg];lxt kfFr k|x/Lclg k|x/Lsf b'O{ jif]{ caf]w afnsnfO{ k'¥ofof} 3f6x] aGbstf{ of] s] u¥of} ltdLn] <s] bf]if lyof] p;sf] <olt ;fgf] pd]/d} p;nfO{ d[To'sf] d'vdf k'¥ofof}p;sf] cfdfsf] ;kgf ;kgf lyof] xf]nfp;nfO{ 8fS6/ agfpg] t/ltdLn] cgy{ u¥of} aGbstf{ cgy{ .

gfd M cg'if vgfn sIff M ^ …/ftf] ju{Ú:s"n M hgHof]lt ljBfdlGb/ 3f]/fxL, bfª

dfG5]dfG5] eO{ dfG5] h:t} aGg'k5{ xfdL;dfhdf ldlnh'nL a:g'k5{ xfdL .

cfkm"eGbf 7"nfnfO{ cfb/ ug]{ afgLcfkm"eGbf ;fgfnfO{ dfof u/f}+ xfdL .

slxn] klg gla;{g' x} 7"nf / ;fgf gfgL7"nfnfO{ cfb/, ;fgfnfO{ dfof ug]{ slt /fd|f] afgL .

dfG5] eO{ ;a};Fu ldlnh'nL a;f}+xfdL sf]xL;Fu slxn] klg emu8f gu/f}+ .

gfd M c~h' l8;L sIff M ^ …sÚ:s"n M kz'klt ljBf>d pdflj gf/fo0fk'/, bfª

gfd M k|ltdf e08f/L sIff M & :s"n M hgHof]lt ljBfdlGb/ 3f]/fxL, bfª

gfd M ;GbLk 8fFuL sIff M ^ :s"n M kz'klt ljBf>d pdflj gf/fo0fk'/, bfª

gfd M cf/f]xL a'9f sIff M o"s]hL :s"n M afnlzIff ;bg e/tk'/ 3f]/fxL, bfª

gfd M sljtf kf}8]n sIff M o"s]hL :s"n M lxGb" ljBfkL7 g]kfn 3f]/fxL, bfª

gfd M ;kgf sFj/ sIff M % …sÚ :s"n M kz'klt ljBf>d pdflj gf/fo0fk'/, bfª

bfª, @% ebf} . ;flxTosf/ lzj/ fh kGyLsf] k':ts s] xL ;dLIff s] xL cg'e"ltsf] ;dLIff ul/ Psf] 5 . / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb\ bfª zfvfsf] lgoldt sfo{qmd s[lt ;dLIffsf] ! ;o @) cf} + >[+vnfdf kGyLsf] k':ts ;dLIff ul/ Psf] xf] .

kl/ ifb bfª zfvfsf sf=jf= cWoIf v] d/ fh dNnsf] cWoIftf Pjd\ kl/ ifb\sf ;+:yfks cWoIf gf/ fo0fk|;fb zdf{sf] k|d'v cfltYodf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;dLIfd ;'zLn uf} td, lgdaxfb'/ yfkf / ltns clwsf/ Ln] k':tssf] ;dLIff ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly kl/ ifb\sf ;+:yfks cWoIf Pjd\ cu|h ;flxTosf/ gf/ fo0fk|;fb zdf{n] lzj/ fh kGyL bfªb] pv'/ Lsf] ;zQm k|ltef ePsf] atfpFb} pxfFsf] k':tsn] ;dsf-nLg oyfy{tf af] s] sf] atfpg'eof] .

sfo{qmddf ;dLIfs ;flxTosf/ Pjd\

kqsf/ ;'zLn uf} tdn] k':ts efiff, ljwf, lk9L / If] qut ljljwtf ldl;Psfn] k7gLo ePsf] atfpg'eof] . csf{ ;dLIfs ;flx-Tosf/ lgdaxfb'/ yfkfn] kGyLsf] s[lt s] xL ;dLIff / s] xL cg'e"lt eflifs ;/ ntf, snf, lzNk, ;f} Gbo{, ljifout ljljwtfn] el/ Psf] atfpg'eof] . To:t} csf{ ;dLIfs ;flxTosf/ ltns clwsf/ Ln] s[ltdf cw{;fdGtL ;dfh, k"FhLjfbL cy{/ fhgLlt tyf lgrdf/ f k|j[lQsf] lj/ f] w ul/ Psf] atfpg'eof] .

;f] cj;/ df / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb\sf ;Nnfxsf/ cu|h ;flxTosf/ lul/ / fh zdf{, kl/ fifb\sf s] Gb|Lo cWoIf k'?iff] Qd vgfn, ;flxTosf/ zf/ bf zdf{nufotn] z'esfdgf JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . kl/ ifb\sf sf] iffWoIf gu] Gb| u'?sf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng kl/ ifb\sf ;x–;lrj hd'gf lwtfnn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

s]xL ;dLIff / s]xL cg'e"ltsf] ;dLIff

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?s'dsf] k"jL{ uflj; ts;] / f du/ cflbe"ldn] ;lhPsf] a:tL xf] . ts;] / f du/ ;+:s[lt, hLjgz} nL, k/ Dk/ fut s[lif k|0ffnL, k|s[ltk"hs / ;fd'bflos Pstfsf] laDa cflbaf;L hghfltsf] yftynf] sf] ?kdf kl/ lrt 5 . cflbdsfnb] lv cfˆg} kf} / vdf lgdf{0f ePsf snf, ;+:s[lt, efiff / hLjg k|0ffnLsf] df} lns ljz] iftf / x] sf] du/ e"ld olta] nf u|fdL0f ko{6gsf] cEof;df 5 .

o'4 ko{6g, ;f+:s[lts ko{6gsf] uGtJo ts;] / fdf uPsf] a} zfv ! b] lv ?s'd e|d0f jif{–@)&@ sf] cleofg ;~rfng ul/ Psf] 5 . e|d0f jif{sf] cfof] hgf;Fu} ts;] / fdf 3/ af; sfo{qmd ;'rf? ul/ Psf] :yfgLo t[i0f a'9fdu/ n] atfOg\ . :yfgLo sf] bf] , ds} , e6df;, hf} +sf] kl/ sf/ / du/ ;f+:s[lts gfrufg b] vfpg] u/ ] sf] pgn] atfOg\ . g] kfnsf kfx'gf dfq xf] Og ljb] zaf6 ;d] t cfkm\gf] ufpFdf cfpg] u/ ] sf] a'9fdu/ n] ;'gfOg\ . u'h'd'Hh k/ ] sf] a:tL, du/ ;+:s[lt clg k/ Dk/ fut :yfgLo zf;gsf] cEof; OToflbn] cjnf] sgstf{, cWoogstf{ / cg';Gwfgstf{sf] nflu ts;] / f cfsif{0fsf] s] Gb| xf] . ts;] / fh:t} ?s'dsf cGo k"jL{ uflj;x? k"jL{ pQ/ df / x] sf uflj;x? du/ cflbe"ldsf] ?kdf k|l;4 5g\ .

zAb÷tl:a/

wlg/fd zdf{ lsª\8d ckm du/ sNr/ sf] pkdfn] ljZn] if0f ul/ g] ?s'ddf d"t{cd"t{ ;Dkbfx?sf] vfgL g} 5 . / Gdfd} sf] 6, x'sfd, ts;] / f, sf] n, sfFqmL, dxt OToflb du/ ;+:s[lt, hLjgz} nL, v] tL k|0ffnL efiff / xg;xg OToflbn] lgs} nf] enfUbf 5g\ . e"Dof gfr oxfFsf] d'Vo gfr xf] . c;f/ ! ut] e"Dof kj{ du/ x?n] w'dwfdsf ;fy dgfpg] k|rng 5 . e"ld -k|s[lt_nfO{ ljz] if dfGg] du/ k/ Dk/ f 5 . :yfgLo pTkfbg du/ x?sf] klxrfg xf] , du/ ;Da4 uLlt gfr df} lns snfsf] :jfb lng ;lsG5 . ts;] / fdf ToxL+ eP/ ljb] zL kfx'gfsf] kfOnf] aflSnb} uPsf] xf] . ljb] zL tyf :jb] zL ko{6s 9f] / kf6gaf6 ts;] / f k|j] z ub{5g\ . tLg j6f ?6af6 jflif{s Ps ;o a9L ljb] zL ko{6s / kfFr ;o a9L :jb] zL ko{6sn] ?s'd e|d0f u/ ] sf] tYofª\s 5 . ts;] / f k} bndfu{ ug{ rfxg] ko{6ssf] rf} af6f] sf] ?kdf / x] sf] 5 . pQ/ u+uf gbLsf] jf/ L / kf/ L kxf8sf] km] +bLdf km} lnPsf du/ a:tL lgs} dgdf] xs / df} lns 5g\ .

bzsotf ;8s, lzIff, ;~rf/ OToflbsf] tLj| ljsf; ePkl5 u|fdL0f ko{6gsf] dfWodaf6 ;d[l4 vf] Hg ts;] / fdf kxn yflnPsf] xf] . ljz] if ul/ ;g @)!@ df u'l/ Nnfdfu{sf] / ] vfª\sgkl5 ts;] / f ko{6gsf] nflu yk cfslif{t ePsf] xf] . a] gLb] lv d'l;sf] 6 vn+uf clg n's'daf6 yafª ;'lnrf} / ;Dd uGtJo ePsf] u'l/ Nnf dfu{ / ] vfª\sgkl5 :jb] zL tyf ljb] zL ko{6ssf] ts;] / fdf cfsif{0f a9] sf] xf] . ;d'b|L ;txaf6 b'O xhf/ Ps ;o krf;L ld6/ cUnf] ts;] / fdf (( k|ltzt hghfltsf]

;3g a:tL 5 . a:tLsf] ;3gtf g} oxfFsf] klxnf] cfsif{0f xf] . k"jL{ ?s'd ;f+:s[lts kof{, o'4 ko{6g / of;f{n] ;d[4 ePsf] n] cfkm"x?sf] Wofg Totftkm{ ljz] if k|fyldstfsf ;fy cfslif{t ePsf] :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/ L e/ ts'df/ zdf{n] atfPsf 5g\ . :yfgLodf ko{6g k|j4{gsf] ;jfndf ;r] ttf la:tf/ } p7] sf] n] k"jL{ ?s'dsf] cyfx ;Dkbfsf] ;b'kof] u x'g] lhlj; ?s'dsf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/ L zdf{sf] syg 5 .

?s'd vn+ufb] lv dWokxf8L nf] sdfu{sf] sl/ a %) lsld ;8s b"/ L kf/ u/ ] kl5 sfFqmLsf] ;'gfafª au/ af6 psfnf] nfu] l/ sf n] s k'Ug ;lsG5 . l/ sfaf6 cf] / fnf] nfu] sf] n uflj;sf] So"jafªsf] ;'Gb/ ;fgf] kmfF6 x'Fb} ts;] / f k'Ug ;lsG5 . ;'gfafª au/ b] lv sl/ a !% lsld sRrL ;8ssf] ofqfkl5 ts;] / fsf] du/ a:tL dhfn] cjnf] sg÷cWoog ug{ ;lsG5 .

o'4 ko{6g, ;f+:s[lts ko{6g / kof{–ko{6gsf] plrt uGtJo dflgg] ts;] / f u'l/ Nnf dfu{sf] ;+s] Gb| klg xf] . tsaf6 pQ/ lt/ nfu] x'sfd x'Fb} d} sf] 6 clg l;:g] k'Ug ;lsG5 eg] ;f] xLaf6 klZrd nfu] l5kvf] nf rf/ ufpF x'Fb} :ofk"{ n] saf6 :ofk"{ bxsf] cjnf] sgkl5 vn+uf k'Ug ;lsG5 . To;} u/ L tsaf6 So"afªaf6 sfFqmLsf] n's'd x'Fb} yafª k'Ug ;lsG5 eg] sfFqmLsf] ;'gfafª au/ af6 dWokxf8L nf] sdfu{ x'Fb} ?s'dsf] 6 clg vn+uf e|d0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

n] vs g] kfn ko{6g kqsf/ ;d"x -PG6f] h_sf cWoIf x'g'x'G5 .

ljb]zL tyf :jb]zL ko{6s 9f]/kf6gaf6 ts;]/f k|j]z ub{5g\ . tLg j6f ?6af6 jflif{s Ps ;o a9L ljb]zL ko{6s / % ;o a9L :jb]zL ko{6sn] ?s'd e|d0f u/]sf] tYofª\s 5 . ts;]/f k}bndfu{ ug{ rfxg] ko{6ssf] rf}af6f]sf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . pQ/u+uf gbLsf]

jf/L / kfl/ kxf8sf] km]+bLdf km}lnPsf du/ a:tL lgs} dgdf]xs / df}lns 5 .

g] kfnL ;'ud ;+uLt pgsf] klxnf] / f] hfO xf] . ;+uLtdf / dfpg Psbd} dgk5{ pgnfO{ . ljz] ifu/ L efj's uLt ufpg / ;'Gg Psbd} dg k/ fpF5g\ . gjufosdf cfˆgf] 5lj pRr kfb} {5g\ ufos 6f] k] Gb| lji6 .

;+uLtdf g} / dfpg] pgL ;w} + ;+uLtsf] ;fydf g} x'G5g\ . pgsf] glhssf] ;fyL g} ;+uLt xf] . pgsf] …la;] { lg la;{ ;Dem] lg ;Dem, t/ d} n] ltdLnfO{ lhGbuLe/ la;{g ;lSbgFÚ af] nsf] uLtn] ;+uLtdf pgsf] prfO a9fPsf] 5 . ljof] usf] kL8fnfO{ ;d] l6Psf] of] uLtdf pgn] cfkm"nfO{ 5f] 8] / hfg] dfofn'nfO{ cfkm"n] w] / } dfof u/ ] sf] efjgf JoQm u/ ] sf 5g\ . lji6s} zAbdf / x] sf] of] uLtdf ;+uLtsf/ Pj+ ufos a;Gt / f7f} / sf] ;+uLt / x] sf] 5 .

…d t kfun ePF lagf / ft} ltdLnfO{ ;lDemP/ , d] / f ;f/ f v';L n'l6nUof} kL8f hlt lbP/ Ú af] nsf] of] uLt pgsf] klxnf] uLt xf] . h'g uLt @)^* ;fndf / ] s8{ ePsf] xf] . ;'lgn s] ;Lsf] zAb / ;+uLtsf/ ;Gtf] if >] i7sf] ;+uLt / x] sf] of] uLtaf6 ;'? ePsf] pgsf] ;+uLt ofqf clxn] / ̂tf/ df 5 . ;fg} b] lv uLtdf ?lr / fVg] 6f] k] Gb| clxn] cfˆgf] ;+uLt ofqfnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg ;+3if{/ t\ 5g\ .

pgL ;'ud ;+uLtdf dfq geP/ nf] sbf] x/ L If] qdf klg ?lr / fVg] atfpF5g\ . d ug{ ;S5' eGg] cfTdljZjf; af] s] sf lji6n] Pp6f 6Kkf uLt klg ahf/ df NofPsf 5g\ . ut aif{ ahf/ df cfPsf] pgsf] uLtn] / fd|f] ;kmntf kfPsf] lyof] . …af] n af] n nfh lsg dfg] sf] , ltdL g} xf] of] dgn] 5fg] sf] Ú af] nsf] 6Kkf uLt pgsf] pTs[i6 uLtdWo] sf] csf] { uLt xf] . uLtsf/ k|sfz s] ;Lsf] zAb Pj+ 6f] k] Gb| lji6 / ;Gb] z l8;Lsf] no / x] sf] of] uLtdf rlr{t nf] sbf] x/ L uflosf 6Lsf k'gn] ;fy lbPsL l5g\ .

xfk'/ –! df/ fsf] 6df hlGdPsf lji6 ;fg} b] lv ;+uLtsf kf/ vL x'g\ . xfn lqk'/ gu/ kflnsf–^ sflQs] sf pgL ;fg} b] lv g} g] kfnL ;+uLtnfO{ dfof uy] { . / ] l8of] g] kfndf aHg] gf/ fo0f uf] kfnsf uLtx?n] k|efljt pgL 7"nf] eP/ ufos aGg] ;kgf a'Gg] u/ ] sf] ;DemG5g\ . h'g ;kgf k"/ f ug{sf nflu clxn] cgj/ t?kdf vl6Psf 5g\ . ljBfyL{ hLjgdf klg ljleGg k|ltof] lutfx?df efu lnP/

pTs[i6 x'g] pgL of] If] qdf s] xL u5'{ eg] / nfu] sf 5g\ . ;+uLtnfO{ ;'v b'Mvsf] ;+ud:ynsf ?kdf kl/ eflift ug] { lji6 ;+uLtlagf cfkm" lhpg g;Sg] atfpF5g\ . cfˆgf] b'Mv ;'vsf] ;fyL g} ;+uLtnfO{ agfpg] pgL h'g cj:yfdf eP klg To;} cg';f/ sf] uLtdf / dfpg] / zAb l;h{gf ug{] u/ ] sf] atfpF5g\ .

dgdf ;+uLtsf] efjn] lhTof] eg] h'g;'s} ;dodf klg xfdf] {lgod ahfP/ ufpg ;'? u5{g\ . cfTdljZjf;n] uLt ufpg] pgL cfkm"df ePsf] Ifdtf b] vfpgsf nflu hlta] nf klg tof/ x'G5g\ . cfkm"eGbf cu|haf6 s] xL l;Sg' g} pgsf] pT;'stfsf] klxnf] klxrfg xf] . pgL d~rdf pT;flxt ?kdf k|:t't eP/ pTs[i6 k|:t'lt lbg ;kmn klg 5g\ . pgn] ufogsf ;fy} df] 8lnª klg ;'? u/ ] sf 5g\ . …la;] { lg la;{Ú af] nsf] uLtdf pgn] cfkm} clego u/ ] sf 5g\ .

lji6sf gofF b'O{ j6f uLt ahf/ df cfpFb} 5g\ . ;flxTosf/ Pj+ uLtsf/ cflbd s] ;Lsf] zAb / bªfnL ;+uLtsf/ Pj+ ufos df] xg dl~hnsf] ;+uLt / x] sf] …clNemof] dfof clNemof] , alNemof] dfof alNemof] Ú af] nsf] uLt l5§} ahf/ df cfpFb} 5 . h'g uLt ahf/ df cfpg'eGbf klxn] g} :6] r sfo{qmddf nf] slk|o eO;s] sf] 5 . o;} u/ L pgn] cfˆg} zAb / ;+uLtdf / x] sf] …Ozf/ f lbG5f} / t ltd|f] glhs cfpg dg nfU5, ltd|f] d'xf/ df ;'Gb/ ;+;f/ b] V5' / t / dfpg dg nfU5Ú af] nsf] uLt ahf/ df NofpFb} 5g\ .

6f] k] Gb|n] o; aif{ tLhsf] uLt ahf/ df NofPsf 5g\ . …gfrd\ g 5d5dL, / } Ú5f} k/ ] sf] r6\6} sfG5' nfd dfof em6\6} Ú af] nsf] uLt ahf/ df cfPsf] 5 . pgnfO{

bªfnL uflosf uLtf / ] pn] n] :j/ df ;fy lbPsL l5g\ . of] uLtdf bªfnL df] 8n d+uf] lnog x] dGt / Crf yfkfsf] g[To / x] sf] 5 . bªfnL d+uf] lnog x] dGt kl5Nnf] ;dodf df] 8nsf] If] qdf cfˆgf] :yfg agfpFb} uPsf 5g\ . ;'ud ;+uLtdf :j/ lbg dg k/ fpg] 6f] k] Gb|n] ;a} sf] ;Nnfxdf of] tLh uLt ahf/ df NofPsf] atfpF5g\ . pgsf] ;f+uLlts If] q pRr x'g] ck] Iff;lxt ;f+uLlts ofqf ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf .

k|:t'lt M cf/ = s] = zLtn

nf] sufos tyf ;~rf/ sdL{ k|] dljjz 3tL{n] tLh kj{sf] cj;/ kf/ ] / tLg j6f tLh uLt PNad ahf/ df NofPsf 5g\ . ut jif{ NofPsf] emSsf; tLh uLtn] / fd|f] rrf{ kfPkl5 pgn] of] jif{ emSsf; @, 5d5d gfR5] / a] bgf PNad NofPsf x'g\ . PNad lxd ;Demf} tf l8lh6n k|flnn] ahf/ df NofPsf] xf] .

h;dWo] emSsf; @ df :j/ k|] dljjz 3tL{ / ;kgf zfxLsf] 5 . 3tL{s} no / x] sf] PNaddf zAb lw/ ] Gb| zfxLsf] / x] sf] 5 eg] uLtdf ljho yfkf, ;+uLtf ;'j] bL, ;Gtf] if kf} 8] n / lbkf;f la;Ln] df] 8lnª u/ ] sf 5g\ .

To:t} , 5d5d gfR5] PNaddf :j/ k|] dljjz 3tL{ / / flwsf xdfnsf] / x] sf] 5 eg] zAb ;'jf; 3tL{ / dLg s] ;Lsf] / x] sf] 5 . dLg s] ;Lsf] no / x] sf] of] uLtdf ljho yfkf, nIdL af] x/ f, x] dGt kf08] /

nIdL 3tL{n] df] 8lnª u/ ] sf 5g\ . 3tL{n] b] zn] v] Kg'k/ ] sf]

k|fs[lts ljklQnfO{ lrq0f ub} { lbbL / efOsf] ;Djfb ;d] l6Psf] dd{:kzL{ uLt j] bgf PNaddf / x] sf] 5 . To;df :j/ k|] dljjz 3tL{ / ;kgf zfxLsf] / x] sf] 5 eg] no k|] dljjz / zAb k'?iff] Qd cof{nsf] / x] sf] 5 .

Ps} k6s tLgj6f PNad ahf/ df NofPsf 3tL{ cfkm\gf uLtn] bz{s / ;|f] tfsf] dg lhTg] df 9'Ss ePsf] atfpF5g\ .

ljut Ps bzsb] lv ;~rf/ / uLt;+uLtdf cfa4 3tL{n] @)&@ ;fndf uLt;+uLtnfO{ lta|tf lbPsf 5g\ . @)&@ a} zfvdf km'sf{Psf] xf] sL afO{, c;f/ df cfF;' lkP/ / s;d ;To eG5' / tLgj6f tLh PNad lgsfn] sf 3tL{n] jif{sf] z'?d} 5 j6f PNad

ahf/ df NofO;s] sf 5g\ . tLhnuQ} csf] { / dfOnf] bf] x/ L uLt ahf/ df

Nofpg] tof/ L ul/ / x] sf] pgL atfpF5g\ . bh{g a9L PNad lgsfln;s] sf 3tL{n] of] ;fn bz} +;DaGwL uLt / csf] { bf] x/ L PNadsf] tof/ L ul/ / x] sf] atfP .