شبیه سازی شبکه توسط نرم افزار ns2 ارائه دهنده : حسین...

شبیه سازی شبکه توسط نرم افزارNS2

ارائه دهنده : حسین معمارزاده

NS یک شبیه ساز شبکه استNS می تواند سناریوهای متفاوت شبکه را شبیه سازی

کند NS می تواند ترافیکهای متفاوتی را شبیه سازی کند و

خروجی مورد نیاز برای اندازه گیری پارامترهایی مثل تاخیر و میزان گم شدن بسته ها را فراهم کند

NS مورد نیاز است زیرا نیاز به صحت و اندازه گیری کارآیی الگوریتهمای جدید شبیه سازی در محیط واقعی هزینه بر و خطا پذیر

است

C++ ، برای پردازش بسته ها OTcl برای سناریوها

100K خط کد C++، 70 K خط کد Otcl

http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns

2.32نسخه فعلی

قابل نصب در بیشترUNIX ها (Linux,Solaris,Freebsd) و ویندوز (9x/NT/2000/2003)

اجزاءNSNSNam)Network animator(

را می توان مشاهده کرد NSخروجی •

مراحل پردازش پیش از شبیه سازی

مراحل پردازش پس از شبیه سازی

NS شبکه را بصورت اتفاقات گسسته شبیه سازی می کند

زمانبندNSاتفاقات را پشت سرهم اجرا می کند

زمان وقوع هر اتفاق مجازی است

C ++ برای اطالعات پردازش هر بسته – هسته مرکزیNS سرعت باال ، کامال شی گرا

OTCL برای کنترل ایجاد سناریوهای شبیه سازی راحتی برای کاربرعملیات دوره ای یا تحریک شده

Tcl/Tk Download source: A modestly up to date Tcl/Tk version Tcl-8.4.14 Tk-8.4.14 web page: Tcl Developer Xchange resources.

Note that while more up to date versions of Tcl/Tk are available and may work, we have only tested up through version 8.4.14.

otcl Download source: version 1.13 )released Mar 10, 2007( daily snapshot anonymous CVS )package "otcl"( web page: http://otcl-tclcl.sourceforge.net/otcl/.

TclCL )the package formerly known as libTcl( Download source: The latest version tclcl-1.19 )released Mar 10, 2007(

daily snapshot anonymous CVS )package "tclcl"( web page: http://otcl-tclcl.sourceforge.net/tclcl/.

ns-2 Download source: most recent release )ns-2.34 released Jun 17 2009( daily snapshot, anonymous cvs )module "ns-2"(. There may be known problems with the current version of ns; please check the ns

installation problems web page for patches.

nam-1 )optional( Download source: most recent release )nam-1.14 released Jun 17 2009( daily snapshot, anonymous cvs )module "nam-1"(. web page: http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/nam/

4 گرهwireless

حرکت 400*400این گره ها در یک صفحه به مساحتمی کنند

پروتکل روتینگDSR

شبیه سازی مکانیزمIEEE 802.11 PS

ATIM Window

ATIM Window

Beacon Interval Beacon Interval

ATIM Window

ATIM Window

Host A

Host B

Beacon

BTA=2, BTB=5

power saving mode

power saving mode

Beacon

ATIM

ACK

active state

data frame

ACK

Target Beacon Transmission Time )TBTT(

No ATIM means no data to send or to receive

فایلهایی که باید تغییر کنند

Mac-802_11.ccMac-802_11.h Mac-timers.ccMac-timers.h Mac.ccMac.h

#include <delay.h> #include <connector.h> #include <packet.h> #include <random.h> // #define DEBUG //#include <debug.h> #include <arp.h> #include <ll.h> #include <mac.h> #include <mac-timers.h> #include <mac-802_11.h>

/* * Force timers to expire on slottime boundries. */ // #define USE_SLOT_TIME

// change wrt Mike's code

#ifdef USE_SLOT_TIME #error "Incorrect slot time implementation - don't use USE_SLOT_TIME..." #endif

#define ROUND_TIME)( \ {

\ assert)slottime(; \ double rmd = remainder)s.clock)( + rtime, slottime(; \ if)rmd > 0.0( \ rtime += )slottime - rmd(; \ else

\ rtime += )-rmd(; \ }

void MacTimer::start)double time( { Scheduler &s = Scheduler::instance)(; assert)busy_ == 0(;

busy_ = 1; paused_ = 0; stime = s.clock)(; rtime = time; assert)rtime >= 0.0(; s.schedule)this, &intr, rtime(; }

void MacTimer::stop)void( { Scheduler &s = Scheduler::instance)(;

assert)busy_(;

if)paused_ == 0( s.cancel)&intr(;

busy_ = 0; paused_ = 0; stime = 0.0; rtime = 0.0; }

void BeaconIntervalTimer::handle)Event *( { busy_ = 0; paused_ = 0; stime = 0.0; rtime = 0.0;

mac->beaconIntervalHandler)(; }

void ATIMWindowTimer::handle)Event *( { busy_ = 0; paused_ = 0; stime = 0.0; rtime = 0.0;

mac->atimWindowHandler)(; } void InitialBeaconIntervalTimer::handle)Event *( { busy_ = 0; paused_ = 0; stime = 0.0; rtime = 0.0;

mac->initialBeaconIntervalHandler)(; }

Mac802_11::beaconIntervalHandler)( { in_atim_=true; totalBi_++; EnergyModel *em = netif_->node)(->energy_model)(; if)em != NULL && !netif_->is_on)(( netif_->node_wake)(; atim_tx_=true; EnergyModel *em = netif_->node)(->energy_model)(; if)em != NULL && !netif_->is_on)(( netif_->node_wake)(; } } // Schedule the next beacon interval double bi_time = msec2sec)macmib_.BeaconInterval(; mhBeaconInterval_.start)bi_time(; mhAtimWindow_.start)msec2sec)macmib_.ATIMWindowSize((; got_beacon_=false; sendBeacon)(; stay_awake_=false; bufferEntry *tmp = NULL; bufferEntry *cur = pktBuffer_.firstElement)(; while)cur != NULL( { Host *h = NULL; if)cur->addr)( != MAC_BROADCAST( h = &cache_[cur->addr)(]; if)false && cur->age_ >= MAX_PKT_BUFFER_AGE && ) h == NULL (( {

if)!cur->sent_data_ && cur->p_ != 0( { hdr_cmn *ch = HDR_CMN)cur->p_(; if )ch->xmit_failure_( { //ch->size)( -= ETHER_HDR_LEN11; // ch->xmit_reason_ = XMIT_REASON_BUF; ch->xmit_failure_)cur->p_->copy)(, ch-

>xmit_failure_data_(; } discard)cur->p_, DROP_MAC_RETRY_COUNT_EXCEEDED(; } tmp = cur; cur = pktBuffer_.nextElement)cur(; pktBuffer_.removeElement)tmp(; } else { // otherwise, update the age and reset interval info //cur->age_ += static_atim_thresh_ + 1; cur->age_++; cur->sent_atim_ = false; cur->recv_ack_ = false; cur = pktBuffer_.nextElement)cur(; } }

// Reset all of these variables at the beginning of the // beacon epoch rst_cw)(; if) atim_tx_( { atim_scan)(; } if))pktATIM_ != 0( || atim_to_send)(( if)!netif_->is_on)(( netif_->node_wake)(; if)!mhBackoff_.busy)( && !mhSend_.busy)( && !

mhDefer_.busy)( && tx_state_ == MAC_IDLE && atim_tx_( if)) pktATIM_ != 0(( { // If the synch_err is true, we can't send

for the first DELTA // of last DELTA of the ATIM mhBackoff_.start)2 *

phymib_.CWMin, is_idle)((;}

set val)chan( Channel/WirelessChannel set val)prop( Propagation/TwoRayGround set val)netif( Phy/WirelessPhy set val)mac( Mac/802_11 set val)ifq( CMUPriQueue set val)ll( LL set val)ant( Antenna/OmniAntenna set val)x( 400 ;# X dimension of the topography set val)y( 400 ;# Y dimension of the topography set val)ifqlen( 1000 ;# max packet in ifq set val)seed( 1.0 set val)adhocRouting( DSR set val)nn( 4 ;# how many nodes are simulated set val)cp( "../mobility/scene/cbr-4" set val)sc( "../mobility/scene/scen-4" set val)stop( 400 ;# simulation time

set ns_ [new Simulator]

# setup topography object

set topo [new Topography]

set tracefd [open wireless1-out.tr w] set namtrace [open wireless1-out.nam w]

$ns_ trace-all $tracefd $ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $val)x( $val)y(

# define topology $topo load_flatgrid $val)x( $val)y( set god_ [create-god $val)nn(]

# # define how node should be created #

#global node setting

$ns_ node-config -adhocRouting $val)adhocRouting( \ -llType $val)ll( \ -macType $val)mac( \ -ifqType $val)ifq( \ -ifqLen $val)ifqlen( \ -antType $val)ant( \ -propType $val)prop( \ -phyType $val)netif( \ -channelType $val)chan( \ # -energyModel EnergyModel \ # -initialEnergy 1000 \ # -txpower 1 \ # -rxpower 1.2 \ # -idlepower 1.0 \

# -sleepower 0.001 \ -topoInstance $topo \ -agentTrace ON \ -routerTrace OFF \ -macTrace ON

# # Create the specified number of nodes [$val)nn(] and "attach" them # to the channel.

for {set i 0} {$i < $val)nn( } {incr i} { set node_)$i( [$ns_ node] $node_)$i( random-motion 0 ;# disable random motion }

# # Define node movement model # #puts "Loading connection pattern..." source $val)cp( # # Define traffic model # puts "Loading scenario file..." source $val)sc(

# Define node initial position in nam

for {set i 0} {$i < $val)nn(} {incr i} {

# 20 defines the node size in nam, must adjust it according to your scenario # The function must be called after mobility model is defined

$ns_ initial_node_pos $node_)$i( 20 }

#11 # Tell nodes when the simulation ends #

for {set i 0} {$i < $val)nn( } {incr i} { $ns_ at $val)stop(.0 "$node_)$i( reset"; }

$ns_ at $val)stop(.0002 "puts \"NS EXITING...\" ; $ns_ halt"

puts $tracefd "M 0.0 nn $val)nn( x $val)x( y $val)y( rp $val)adhocRouting(" puts $tracefd "M 0.0 sc $val)sc( cp $val)cp( seed $val)seed(" puts $tracefd "M 0.0 prop $val)prop( ant $val)ant("

puts "Starting Simulation..." $ns_ run

# # nodes: 4, max conn: 3, send rate: 0.33333333333333331, seed: 1 # # # 1 connecting to 2 at time 2.5568388786897245 # set udp_)0( [new Agent/UDP] $ns_ attach-agent $node_)1( $udp_)0( set null_)0( [new Agent/Null] $ns_ attach-agent $node_)2( $null_)0( set cbr_)0( [new Application/Traffic/Pareto] $cbr_)0( set packetSize_ 200 $cbr_)0( set idle_time_ 50ms $cbr_)0( set burst_time_ 500ms $cbr_)0( set rate_ [expr 64*4]k $cbr_)0( attach-agent $udp_)0( $ns_ connect $udp_)0( $null_)0( $ns_ at 2.5568388786897245 "$cbr_)0( start“

s 3.424723606 _1_ AGT --- 0 pareto 210 [0 0 0 0] ------- [1:0 2:0 32 0] s 3.425118606 _1_ MAC --- 0 AODV 106 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [1:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 1 [2 0] [1 4]]

)REQUEST( r 3.425966712 _15_ MAC --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [1:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 1 [2 0] [1 4]]









)REQUEST( s 3.426207116 _2_ MAC --- 0 ARP 86 [0 ffffffff 2 806] ------- [REQUEST 2/2 0/1] r 3.426895548 _5_ MAC --- 0 ARP 28 [0 ffffffff 2 806] ------- [REQUEST 2/2 0/1] r 3.426895625 _1_ MAC --- 0 ARP 28 [0 ffffffff 2 806] ------- [REQUEST 2/2 0/1] r 3.426895627 _15_ MAC --- 0 ARP 28 [0 ffffffff 2 806] ------- [REQUEST 2/2 0/1] s 3.433492355 _1_ MAC --- 0 pareto 288 [13a 2 1 800] ------- [1:0 2:0 30 2] r 3.435796864 _2_ MAC --- 0 pareto 230 [13a 2 1 800] ------- [1:0 2:0 30 2] s 3.435806864 _2_ MAC --- 0 ACK 38 [0 1 0 0] r 3.435821864 _2_ AGT --- 0 pareto 230 [13a 2 1 800] ------- [1:0 2:0 30 2] r 3.436111374 _1_ MAC --- 0 ACK 38 [0 1 0 0]

#!/usr/local/bin/perl

if )@ARGV < 2( { print "Usage: packetloss.pl <trace file> <cbr//tcp>\n"; exit; } $infile = $ARGV[0]; $kind = $ARGV[1];

$sum_sent = 0; $num_dropped = 0;

open )DATA, "<$infile"( || die "Can't open $infile $!"; while )<DATA>( { $line = $_; @x = split)' '(; last if )$x[4] =~ /END/(; if )$x[0] eq 's' && $x[6] =~ /$kind/( { $num_sent++; #print $line; }

if )$x[0] eq 'D' && $line =~ /IFQ/ && $x[6] =~ /$kind/ && $x[4]!=~ /END/(

{ $num_dropped++; print $line; } } $dropped_ratio =

100*)$num_dropped/$num_sent(; print STDOUT "Percentage of $kind packets

that were dropped: ${dropped_ratio}%\n"; close DATA; exit)0(;

شبیه سازی شبکه توسط نرم افزار ns2 ارائه دهنده : حسین...

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