程序系統工程學程Process Systems Engineering

演講人 : 張玨庭

民國九十年十一月十六日

成大化工系

歷史回顧 (Historical Perspective)

關鍵觀念 (KEY IDEAS)

• 單元操作 - Unit Operations (1900 - )

• 化工科學 - Chemical Engineering Science (1945 - )

• 程序系統工程 - Process Systems Engineering (1960 - )

‘Scientific Engineering’‘Since World War II, engineering education has moved strongly toward analysis, with courses dealing with individual process operations and phenomena. Transport Phenomena, Unit Operations, Process Control, Reaction Engineering, and other engineering science courses greatly strengthened engineering education by showing how things are and how they work. Unfortunately, there was not a parallel development of courses dealing with synthesis … This deficiency has been recognized for years, but the remedy awaited the development of sufficiently general principles of synthesis about which to organize educational material.’

(Dale F. Rudd 1973)

什麼是『程序系統工程』﹖

根據 Takamatsu (1983) 在第一屆國際 PSE 研討會(Kyoto,1982) 所提出的定義， PSE 是 "...academic and technological field related to methodologies for chemical engineering decisions concerning how to plan, design, operate and control chemical processes."  Takamatsu 更進一步建議將 PSE 列為化工的基本訓練之一，這是因為其他課程著重單元操作中的物理化學現象之瞭解，而 PSE 則採取整體流程觀點，分析並設計由許多單元組成的系統。

PSE 的內容

• 程序設計 (Process Design)

• 程序控制 (Process Control)

• 程序操作 (Process Operation)

什麼是程序設計﹖

設計『化學品製造程序』﹗

一個創造的過程

Example Hydrodealkylation of Toluene

H2＋

CH3

CH4＋

Toluene Benzene

1

2 H2＋

Benzene Diphenyl

Reactor

compressor

Vapor Recovery System

Purge

FlashDrum

Benzene

Toluene Col.

Benzene C

ol.

Stablizer

H2 Feed

Toluene Feed

TolueneRecycle

Diphenyl

Distillation Train

什麼是程序控制﹖

在生產期間維持期望的程序狀態﹗

一個追求安全與效率的工作

Home Heating Control System

Preheater/Reactor Process Cascade Control

The way the plant is designed has a large impact on how it should be

controlled and what level of control performance can be

obtained.  “You cannot make a garbage truck dr

ive like a Ferrari!”

 

什麼是程序操作﹖

支援生產的活動！

程序操作的實際工作項目• 生產排程與規劃 (Production Plann

ing Scheduling)

• 線上最佳化 (On-Line Optimization)

• 失誤偵測與診斷 (Fault Detection and Diagnosis)

• 危害評估 (Hazard Assessment)

你在成大化工系接受的相關訓練為何﹖

與 PSE 相關的必修及必選課程• 計算機概論 ( 一上 )• 質能均衡 ( 一下 )

• 工程數學 ( 二上、下 )• 程序控制 ( 三上 ) 及實驗 ( 三下 )

• 程序設計 ( 四上 )• 工業安全與衛生 ( 四下 )

• 其他﹕單元操作、化工熱力學、化工動力學

與 PSE 相關的選修課程• 數值方法

• 製程最適化• 電腦程序控制• 製程安全技術

• 清潔製程• 物件導向程式設計

工具軟體• C/C++/FORTRAN

計算機概論• ChemCAD

質能均衡、程序設計、單元操作• Matlab

工程數學、程序控制

ChemCAD – 程序模擬軟體

Design Goal

State of Art

Design Concept

State of Nature

Process Development

Performance designReliability designSafety designMinimize pollutant design

Experiments in Lab

Pilot Plant

Commercial Process

Process Simulation and Analysis

Optimize Process

Process Simulation 之角色

Chemical Process Simulation

Physical Property

Thermodynamic Models

Unit Operation

Models

Process Simulation

Optimization & Trouble Shooting

4

5

6

1

2

3

Shortcut Distillaton Summary

Equip. No. 5 Name Select mode: 2 Colm pressure 1.0000 (bar)Light key component 1 Light key split 0.9999Heavy key component 2 Heavy key split 0.0010R/Rmin 1.2000

Scds Rigorous Distillation SummaryEquip. No. 1 Name TOP pressure bar 1.0000Colm press drop bar 0.1000No. of stages 31 1st feed stage 14 Select condenser mode: 1 Condenser spec. 1.0000Select reboiler mode: 12 Reboiler spec. 0.9999Rebl. comp i 2

Short-Cut Model SCDS Rigorous Model

MATLAB – 數學運算軟體

h(t)

q1

q2

IP FI

01

FI02

T-01

CV-01

V-02

LIC01

hSET = 23

V-03 is normally openedwith flux = 10,At time = 20, V-03 is close

V-03

NO

NO

未來展望

PSE 領域之擴展

• Process Systems Engineering is concerned with the improvement of decision-making processes for the creation and operation of the chemical supply chain.

• It deals with the discovery, design, manufacture and distribution of chemical products in the context of many conflicting goals.

Grossmann and Westerberg (2000)

Process and Product Design

• Molecular design

• Process intensification

• Design of sustainable and environmentally benign processes

• Synthesis of microchips and bioprocess systems

• Design and analysis of metabolic networks

Process Control

• Integration between design and control

• Applications in bioprocesses and biomedical devices

• Plant-wide control

• Hybrid systems

• Sensors

Process Operation

• Optimal planning and scheduling for new products

• Supply chain optimization

• Real-time scheduling and inventory control

• Synthesis of operation procedure

• Process verification

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