4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

4.1 4.1.1 A&B{ab|aAbB}14.1 G1V2EV&V

14.2 D1V2EVV14.1P268

14.3 1 1

14.1GV={v1v2vn}|E|m14.2 DV={v1v2vn}|E|m

14.3 dd1d2dnd14.4 Gn1554421254322333314d1d2dnd1>d2>>dn1di5443322

14.5 GVEGVEVVfuvV(uv)EEfufvEEGG GG

14.6 GnGnnKnn1 DnDn1n1Dn DnDnKnDn14.4nnn

14.7 GnvVGdvkGk14.8 GGVVEEGGGGGGVVEEGGVVGG 14.5

14.614.10 G1eEGeGeeEEGEGEE

2vVGvGvvVVGVGVV3euvEG\eGeeuvwuvwweuve4uvVuvGuvGuvuvuv14.7

4.1.2 G=v0v1vnVe0e1enEeivi-1viv0e0v1e1en-1 vnv0vnv0vn

1214.5 nGvivjvivjn-1 nGvivjvivjn-1

14.6 nGvivin nGvivin

4.1.3 14.12 GuvVuvuvuvvVvv14.13 GGGGV

14.14 GVV/{V1V2Vk}ViG[Vi]i12kGkpG

1duv0uv2duvdvu3uvwVGduvdvwduw14.16 GVVVpGV>pGVVpGVpGVGVV{v}v14.8

14.17 GEEEpGE>pGEEpGEpGEGEE{e}e14.18 GGmin{|V||VG}GKnn10GkGk

14.19 GGmin{|E||EG}GKnn10GrGr14.614.7 G GGG

14.20 D=uvuvuvuuuuvvuuvuvuu 14.21 D=uvuvuvuvuvd

14.22 D=DDuvVuvvuDuvD14.1114.8 D=V{v1v2vn}DD

11.9 DnDD14.23 GVV1V2V1V2=VV1V2=V1V2GV1,V2G(V1,V2E)GV1V2GKrsr=|V1|s=|V2|14.13

14.10 GG

4.1.4 14.24 G=V={v1v2vn}E={e1e2em}mijviejMG=mijnmG14.14

14.25 D=V={v1v2vn}E={e1e2em}MD=mijnm

MDD14.15

14.16

14.27 D=V={v1v2vn}

(pij)nnDPDP

4.1.5 14.2814.29P290

4.2 15.1 G 15.1

15.1 GG15.2 GGG

15.3 DD 15.4 DDD11 15.5 GGFleury

4.2.2 15.2 15.6 P300

15.6 G=VV1pG-V1|V1|pG-V1G-V1 G=VV1pG-V1|V1|115.4

15.7 Gnv1v2vnG d (vi)+d (vj)n-1GG Gnn3G d (vi)+d (vj)nGG

15.9 Dnn2D15.8 uvnGdudvnGGuvuv

4.2.3 15.3 GGWERRGevivjWewijwijewijeGGGGWeGWGWGWe

4.3 4.3.1 16.1 TTG2

16.1 Gnm1G2G3Gm=n14Gm=n15G6GG

16.2 TnT

4.3.2 16.3 GG

1 Gnmmn12 GnmTGTmn1Tmn1

16.3 TnmGe1e2emn1TCrTerGerCrGTerr12mn1{C1C2Cmn+1}GTmn1G 16.4 TGeTTeG

16.5 TGeTGe

16.5 GTGTTWTGG

Gn1me1e2e3em2e1T3e2e3em eiTeiTei14Tn13T

123456789101112

12456320351540253045501055Prim1). Ge12). GT3). GTeT{e}G

4.3.3 16. 6 Tnn201T01010Tvv

1rr2rr3rr

16.8 TvvTvTVTv216.9 Ttv1v2vnw1w2wtWT=l1w1+l2w2++ltwtlii=12tviw1w2wn16.7

Huffmanw1w2wtw1w2wt1w1 w2w3w1w22w1w2w3wt32t1t

9: W={ 5, 6, 2, 9, 7 }562752769767139527

6713952795271667132900001111000110110111

23571113172139 232+3=5 555+5=10

21

17

17

10

34

39

5

7

13

5

11

2

3

118

24

45

73

Huffman00011011ABCDACBBDCCA0010010111101000

{A,B,C,,H},: A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H, 0,1,00,01,10,11,000,001. 000111, : GFB, CDF, AHF,. : ,00001

:{A,B,C,D} {00,010,011,1}000111, ACD16.10

16.6 2P31416.516.6

11T2T13T221T2T3T31T2T3T

a b d e c f h i gd b e a h f i c gd e b h i f g c a16.7

abcdefg cbdaegf

a b c d e f gc b d a e g f:aab bccddeeffggabcdefg^^^^^^^^

BHDAECGFHBDEGFCA

4.4 4.4.1 17.1 GSGSGGG

17.117.1 GG17.2 GG Knn5K3nn3

(a)

(b)

17.3 GG17.2 GGGGdegR17.2

17.3 GGuvuvG17.5

17.6 Gnn3G17.7 Gnn3GG317.417.4 GG

4.4.2 17.8 Gnmr n-m+r=217.9 kk2Gnmrk+1nmrG

17.10 Gll3Gmn K5K3317.11 Gkk2ll3mn

17.12 Gnn3m m3n617.13 Gnn3m m3n6

4.4.3 17.5 euvGGewuvwG2wwG2wuvwuvG2w17.6 G1G22G1G217.5

17.151GGK5K3317.162GGK5K33

4.4.4 17.7 GGG*GRiG*vi*eGeGRiRjG*e*ee*G*RiRjvi*vj* e*=vi*vj*e*eGRie*RiG*e*=vi*vi*

4.4.5 17.9 k k