科普思維的再思考

科學是不是一個信仰體系 ?

從匪貨到匪辭• 什麼是匪貨

• 金針菜 . 當歸 . 人參… ..

• 什麼是匪辭

• 水平 . 科普……

從匪貨到匪辭• 科學報導到科普

• 科普法的國度

• 科普的宗教意識

                                                                      

Walter Sullivan Award for Excellence in Science Journalism

Named for the renowned science writer of The New York Times, the first Walter Sullivan Award for Excellence in Science Journalism was presented to Sullivan in 1989. Effective in 2000, it has been recast as an award for science feature writing, defined as work prepared with a deadline of more than one week. It is presented not more often than annually to a journalist for a single report in any medium except books that makes geophysical information accessible and interesting to the general public. Any member of AGU may make a nomination, as may journalists themselves.

http://www.agu.org/about/honors/union/sullivan/

在紐約時報著名科學記者 Walter Sullivan 辦公室

江才健老師

•http://www.economist.com/node/17672796/print

Fusion Research

Fusion 核融合反應，在極高溫高壓之下才能造成。

JET (Joint European Torus)

Oxfordshire, UK

ITER

Fusion Research

• The Trade Mark of Science is

Experiments which can be repeated

• The Trade Mark of Fusion Science is Headlines which was repeated.

Economist

American Association for the Advancement of Science

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v445/n7128/full/445603a.html

The man who reinvented science journalism

Maddox by his successor

…• Despite his original establishment of the peer-review

process at Nature, Maddox always had strong reservations about its conservatism. These were perhaps best reflected in his view that the Watson and Crick paper on the structure of DNA wouldn't pass muster under the current system. That paper was published as a result of recommendations by Lawrence Bragg, the head of Watson and Crick's laboratory, and John Randall. (The idea of Nature publishing a paper on the recommendations of the head of the authors' lab is nowadays, of course, sadly but appropriately laughable.)

http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/campbell09/campbell09_index.html

John Maddox: retired and knighted, 1996.Maddox family archive

…

Although Sir John was a proponent of peer review, he could see how it might sometimes suffocate original thinking. It was for this reason that he never sent the manuscripts of Fred Hoyle, a controversial astrophysicist, for review. “It does not require a referee to tell whether it is a reasonable hypothesis that terrestrial life stems from interstellar bacteria,” he wrote in a valedictory essay. Fashion, and a nose for news, played an important role in Sir John’s universe, no matter that the man championed scientific rationalism.

…

http://www.economist.com/node/13525812

台灣科學傳播的發展

雜誌 報紙 電視 廣播

科學月刊發刊辭• 所以我們要辦一份科學月刊，不僅要作

為學生們的良好課外讀物，也要成為一項有效的社教公器； 不但要普及科學，介紹新知，並且要啟發民智，培養科學的態度，為健全的理想社會奠定基礎。

1970 年

科學有造於物質 , 有造於人生 , 有造於知識 , 有助於間接提高 道德水準 .

1915 年“科學雜誌”創刊於上海之宗旨

台灣科學傳播的發展( 雜誌 )

• 科學月刊 (1970,1--- )

• 牛頓雜誌 (1983,5---2006…2008--- )

• 科學眼 (1984,5---1990,4)

• 科技時代 (2001,1----2005,12)

• 生技時代 (2001,11----2005?...)

• 科學人 (2002,3--- )

1983,5---2006…2008---

1984,5---1990,4

2001,11----2005?...) 2002,3---

1970,1---

中國時報的發展時報科學 (1989--1997 )

中國時報全文影像資料庫日期 :860407標題 : 一百年前 電子是怎麼發現的﹖作者 : 江才健版序 :18版名 : 時報科學

知識的饗宴 遇見科學

電視 科學尋根 尖端 柯先生紀小姐

廣播 (news 98 3-4pm) 張大春泡新聞 ( 週二 )

科技 e-mail 王道還

孫維新談天

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

LOS ANGELES TIMES A32,09/05/2003

LOS ANGELES TIMES A32, 09/05/2003

美國太空望遠鏡科學研究所表示，哈伯太空望遠鏡 看到了非常接近宇宙誕生「大霹靂」時景象。

04-Mar-2004: "Starry Night", Vincent van Gogh's famous painting, is renowned for its bold whorls of light sweeping across a raging night sky. Although this image of the heavens came only from the artist's restless imagination, a new picture from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope bears re-markable similarities to the van Gogh work, complete with never-before-seen spirals of dust swirling across trillions of kilometres of interstellar space

•http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2004/10/image/a/format/web_print/

        Gogh, Vincent van   The Starry Night

科普思維的再思考

科學是不是一個信仰體系 ?

Science journalism: Toppling the priesthood

ILLUSTRATIONS BY J. FIELD

卡萊爾論

英雄與英雄崇拜

                              

       

Thomas Carlyle   1795-1881

On Heroes, Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History

物換星移，時代變換之際，宇宙時間長河裡的計時器並不會因而雷鳴巨響，人對於已掌握之事，也未必能夠了解。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　卡萊爾《論歷史》

英雄角色的替嬗

由古典的詩人 , 音樂家 , 文學家 , 哲學家到

現代的科學家

由十九世紀的牛頓傳記到二十世紀的薛汀格傳記

 

「從十八世紀以來，牛頓曾被認為是近代第一個最偉大的科學家，一個理性主義者，一個教導我們按照客觀的和不加色彩的理智來思考問題的人。」

「我卻不用這樣的眼光來看待他。」 

「牛頓不是理性時代的第一人。他是最後的一個巫師，最後的一個巴比倫人和蘇美人， 最後一位偉大的智者，他看待周圍世界和智識世界，和幾千年前開始建立我們知識遺產 的那些人的眼光是一樣的。」

曾經編輯牛頓文集的英國大經濟學家凱恩斯（ John Keynes）寫的「牛頓這個人」

Erwin Schrödinger1887 - 1961

誰是科學家 ?

誰不是 ?

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7098/pdf/442008a.pdf

Sociologist fools physics judgesJim Giles

AbstractBut do social scientists understand science?

After more than 30 years of studying the physicists who work on gravity waves, spending countless hours talking to physicists and writing a book on the history and sociology of the field, social scientist Harry Collins had a question. Could he pass as a physicist?He reckons he can —and he has the experimental data to prove it. Collins's study, to be published later this year, is the first experiment on the concept of 'interactional expertise', an idea that could influence areas such as peer review and science journalism. It could even help settle a question lingering since the science wars of the 1990s, when sociologists launched what scientists saw as attacks on the very nature of science, and scientists responded in kind.Collins's claim rests on his answers to a set of seven questions about gravity-wave physics set by a gravity-wave physicist. His replies, together with those from a real gravitational physicist, were sent to nine researchers in the field (see 'Faking it'). Asked to spot the real physicist, seven were unsure and two chose Collins. The results appear in a paper co-authored with Rob Evans, like Collins based at Cardiff University, UK. It is due to be published this December in Studies in the History of Philosophy of Science (for a preprint see http://www.cf.ac.uk/socsi/expertise)

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7098/full/442008a.html

1960 年因為免疫學研究獲得諾貝爾生理醫學獎的梅達瓦（ Peter Medawar）曾經說，所有的科學論文都是詐欺，因為他們把假設經由實驗得到結論的研究，描述成一種順理成章的過程，而事實上這些過程大多是雜亂不清的。

梅達瓦的說法也許極端，但卻相當真實反映出科學知識的真實面貌。科學知識並不全然是人們常自詡的「可驗証」的知識，它反映了科學家的主觀，思想的盲點，儀器的局限，還有人的偏私，是一個相當社會性過程的產物。

科學報導的雙難

科學知識本身的困境

異質文化的困障

一個新的嘗試

知識通訊評論的著眼

（本文為二○○九年六月二十五日《自然》雜誌的社論）【知識通訊評論月刊八十二期】 2009.08.01

科普的盲點• 什麼是置入性行銷 ?

• 科普是不是科學的置入性行銷 ?

參閱；「有血有肉的科學家」 知識通訊評論 第 74 期 (2008/12) ， 10-13 頁

從科學報導到科學評論

認識科學是一種文化創造活動的真實性而形成藝術評論般的科學評論

版權標示頁