電路佈線(layout) -...

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應用電子學實驗講義(I) 1 電路佈線(Layout) 製作電路板的過程主要可分為三個部分,首先是繪製電路圖(1 )並加以模擬以決定 元件種類、元件數值或電路結果是否符合要求。有些無法模擬的電路則直接跳過模擬程序。 接下來就是電路板(PCB)的佈線(1 ) ,主要是決定元件在電路板的位置及電路連線的設定。 好了以後就把佈線圖列印成光罩圖。最後則是用光罩圖把電路板的銅箔層洗成佈線圖後,再 把元件焊上去(1 )就完成了。 1 本講義我們以補充資料「電源供應電路 14(addpro3.pdf)的電路圖 14.51.25V 30V 可變電源供應器電路」(2)當作範例來說明如何應用 OrCAD 來完成電路板佈線。操作軟體 版本為 OrCAD10.0 Demo 版。若你會其它 PCB layout 佈線軟體,也不一定要使用 OrCAD例如 Protel2 一、繪製電路圖(Schematic) 有關 OrCAD Capture 的使用,相信同學在電路學實驗早已熟悉,在這裡我們只作部分補充, 所以其餘的不再贅述。 1.使用 OrCAD Capture 繪圖 a.選擇 Schematic 繪製電路圖:一開始產生新的 Project 時我們因為不模擬,所以直接選擇 Schematic(3)當然你可以選 PC Board Wizard ,只是過程較為繁瑣, 故在此就不列入考慮。 3 b.建立電路圖:如圖 4。在此預先構思整個電源供應器 架構。電源將透過插頭由盒子後方接至電源供應器盒子內部。其中開關、電源指示燈 安裝於盒子前方而保險絲則裝於盒子後方。變壓器雖然是固定在電路板上,但是我們

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  • (I)

    1

    (Layout) ( 1 )

    (PCB)( 1 )

    ( 1 )

    1 14(addpro3.pdf) 14.51.25V 30V

    ( 2) OrCAD OrCAD10.0 Demo PCB layout OrCAD Protel

    2

    (Schematic) OrCAD Capture

    1. OrCAD Capture a. Schematic Project Schematic( 3) PC Board Wizard

    3

    b. 4

  • (I)

    2

    CON CON

    :

    4

    c. Options/Schematic Page Properties( 165mm114mm)

    5

    d.

    6 7 (1) Place Part Part Search (2) Part Search Part Name

    (1)

    (2)

    (3)

    (4)

  • (I)

    3

    "?""*" 7 "CON? " 1: 4 2 CON"CON* " CON

    (3) Begin Search (4) Library Path

    2.

    8

    a. File/New/Library( 8)=>OK( 9) ( 10)

    (Project manager)( 11)

    8 9 b. Save As

    10 11 c. New Part( 12) OK 13

  • (I)

    4

    12 13

    (1) Options/Preferences Preferences Grid Display Part and Symbol Grid Grid Style Lines ( 14)

    (2) Pointer snap to grid()

    14 15

    (3) Place Line

    Edit Properties Edit Graphic Line Style&( 16)

    (4) Place ellipse

    Edit Properties Edit Filled Graphic fill Style: Solid(17) Pointer snap to grid

  • (I)

    5

    16 17

    (5) Place pin Place Pin ( 18) Name

    Number Place rectangle ( 19)

    Pointer snap to grid

    18 19 20

    (6)Save 20 Place Part ( 21)

    21 3.

    File/Print Area/Set Print Preview ok

    PCB (Layout) Capture

    OrCAD Layout Layout

    1.Footprint Footprint Layout Footprint

  • (I)

    6

    W 0.25W 25W 0.25W Layout ?

    2. Footprint 22

    CON1: BCON100T>BLKCON.100/VH/TM1SQ/W.100/1 LM317:TO>TO220AB

    C: CYL/D.300/LS.100/.034 CYL/D.150/LS.100/.031

    a. 100mil (=0.1inch=2.54 mm) inch

    Layout Library TM_AXIAL()TM_DIODE()TM_CYLND()DIP100T( IC)DSUBT()SIP()Demo Ex_gui ( llb OrCAD_10.0_Demo\tools\layout\library ) Footprint Footprint

    b. OrCAD Layout (//OrCAD 10.0 Demo/Layout Demo) 22

    c. Library Manager( Tools/Library Manager 23) 24

    23 24

    d. Add( 24) TM_AXIAL ( llb ) Libraries llb Footprints llb Footprints( 25)

    e. AX/.400X.100/.031 Footprint 1/4 W( 1 ) L ( 26)6.3mm(=248mil)d 0.5mm(=20mil) Footprint 1/4 W

  • (I)

    7

    25

    26

    Type( 1) CR 1/8W 1/4W 1/2W 1W 2W 3W

    DIMENSION(mm)

    L1 3.5 6.3 9.0 11 15 18 D0.5 1.8 2.4 3.2 4.5 5.0 6.0 H3 2.8 28 30 30 30 33

    d0.05 0.45 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 ( 2) TM_CYLND 125mil

    Footprint

    2 200 Footprint

    CYL/D.175/LS.100/.031(175 100 .031 )

    TM_DIODE DAX/.425X.150/.040(425 150 .040 )

    DIP100T IC DIP.100/14/W.300/L.700(100 14 IC 14 )

    TO

    TO-932TO-220 . DataSheet

    f. Footprint Capture Ctrl

    400mil

    .31(inch=31mil)

    100mil

  • (I)

    8

    Edit Properties( 27)

    27

    g. Property Editor PCB Footprint Edit( 28)

    28

    29 30 h. Edit Property Values ( 29) Footprint( 30

    Library Manager ) Footprint :

    (1) Windows XP .UPD (Footprint)

    ( DataSheet) DAX/.450X.125/.042

  • (I)

    9

    {} 1 2 1 2

    : {Value} PCB FootPrint 10k AX/.300X.100/.031 10uF CPCYL1/D.300/LS.200/.034

    (2) Capture Project manager PAGE1

    Tools/Update Properties Update Properties (3) OK

    31 i. Footprint (>): Footprint 3 R TM_AXIAL>AX/.400X.100/.034

    1N4002 TM_DIODE>DAX/.450X.125/.042 LM317 TO> TO220AB C_pol(C1) TM_CYLND>CYL/D.300/LS.100/.034 C TM_CYLND>CYL/D.150/LS.100/.031 CON BCON100T>BLKCON.100/VH/TM1SQ/W.100/1 337 317 TO220

    3. Footprint Footprint() Footprint Footprint Footprint TO-220( Footprint )

  • (I)

    10

    a. 32 TO-220 0.1inch(0.090-0.110)0.032inch(0.027-0.037)

    32

    b. OrCAD Layout Library Manger Create New Footprint Footprint OK( 33)

    33 34

    c. 34 Library Manger Pad Pin

    Tool

    d. Obstacle Tool Edit Obstacle

    35

  • (I)

    11

    35 36 e. Options/System Settings System Settins ( 36) 50mil 25mil

    f. 1 Edit Pad ( 37) PadstackName T2[Local] 1

    37 38

    g. View Spreadsheet Padstacks Padstacks ( 38)

    T2 TOP 62mil TOP Button

    h. Save as( 39)

    39

    :

    Footprint

  • (I)

    12

    337 317 TO220 4. Netlist :

    a. Capture Project manager PAGE1

    Tools/Creat Netlis( 40) Create Netlis Layout /Options/User Properties are inches ( 41)

    40 41 Session Log ERROR [XLT0009] Unexpected unknown Exception

    42

    b. (Project manager) layoutpower.mnl ( 42)

    4. Capture Netlist Layout

    a.OrCAD Layout Open new board(43)AutoECO(44)

    default.tch MNL ApplyECO

  • (I)

    13

    43 44 b. Layout Link Footprint to Component ( 45) Footprint Defer remaining edits until completion OK

    45 46

    c. 14 errors( 46) diode Library Manger TM_DIODE>DAX/.450X.125/.042 C A Capture 1 2 ( 47)

    47 d. Capture diode Edit Part( 48) Demo Edition

  • (I)

    14

    48

    49

    e. diode Pin Properties A( 49)

    C

    (Update Current)(Update All) Update All(50)

    50

    f. mnl Layout mnl No errors found( 51)

  • (I)

    15

    51

    52

    5.

    a. DRC ( Online DRC)(Auto Pan

    Options/User Preferences Display Preferences/Enable AutoPan)

    53 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)(f) (g)(h) (a) Library Manager (b) (c) View Spreadsheet (d) (e) Component Tool///// (f) Pin Tool///// (g) Obstacle Tool///// (h)

  • (I)

    16

    layout BOT AST layer name Global Layer () Top Layer .TOP Bottom Layer .BOT Silkscreen TOP .SST Silkscreen Bottom .SSB Inner Layer 1 etc. IN1IN2 Power Layer. .PWR Ground Layer..GND Soldermask Top .SMT Soldermask Bottom .SMB Solder Paste Top .SPT Solder Paste Bottom .SPB Drill Drawing .DRD Assembly Top .AST Assembly Bottom .ASB

    b. (1) Options/System Settings System Settings

    54 55 c.

    (1) Global Layer (, 0 55)

  • (I)

    17

    (2) Obstacle Tool

    //New Properties( Ctrl+E) Edit Obstacle

    (3) (0,4500)( 6500

    4500) Esc (//End Command)

    (4) 11.4cm16.5cm()

    d.,,:,,

    ( 58cm)

    (1) Component Tool

    (2)( 4)

    90 R /Rotate

    I View/Zoom in O View/Zoom out

    C View/Zoom Center Shift + Home View/Zoom All (Fit) Ctrl + E /Properties Ctrl + F Tab

    CaptureCapture

    d.( Text Tool

    )

    ,

    ,Board outline,Global Layer

  • (I)

    18

    6.

    a.(),(,)( Button )

    (1) View Spreadsheet/Layers( Shift + Y) Layers

    56 57

    (2) TOP,GND,POWER,INNER1 INNER2 Layer Type (,Crtl),// Properties(Edit Layer, 56)

    (3) Unused Routing OK( 57) Edit Layer /Routing Layer /Drill Layer /Plane Layer

    /Documentation /Jumper Layer b.

    (1) View Spreadsheet/Nets Nets ( 58)

    58 59

    (2) Width Min Con Max ,/Properties( Ctrl+E) Min Width 16mil; Max Width 20mil, Conn Width() Min Width OK, 20mil 24mil

  • (I)

    19

    (1mm 1A)OrCAD 12mil , 16mil,,,

    (3), 59 Weight ,()

    (4)( 58)//Force Min/Max Widths

    c.

    (1) Strategy/Route Spacing( 60)

    (2) BOTTOM ,/Properites mil 4

    60

    Track to Track Spacing Track to Via Spacing Track to Pad Spacing Via to Via Spacing Via to Pad Spacing Pad to Pad Spacing 5 61

    d. (1): Auto/Autoroute/Board (2),: Auto/Unroute/Board

    e.,,

    (1) /

  • (I)

    20

    ://135 Corners 45,90,135 90Corners 90 Curve Corners Any Angle Corners

    (2) /

    (3) /

    (4) /

    f., (1)

    (2) Global Layer Text tool ( 62)

    (3)//New, Text Edit Text String +;Line Width 20mil; 500mil( 63)OK

    62 63

    (4) BOT 7 BOT 64

  • (I)

    21

    64 7.

    a. Options/Post process Settings Post Process / Plot to Print Manager)

    65

    b.,//Plot to Print Manager

    *.BOT(,Bottom Layer)

    *.AST( Assembly Top )

    c.: ,//Preview

    : ,//Properties( 66)

    d. PDF

    66

    XY

  • (I)

    22

    67

    68

    http://www.docin.com/p-219651923.html http://www.diyplayer.com/modules/tinyd2/content/makepcb.htm OrCAD R9.X 2004 OrCAD Layout Plus 1999