luận văn về latex
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THI T K LU N N T T NGHI P B NG LATEX
Dr Nicola Talbot
Vietnamese Translation by: Thi Ph Khnh Ha
Ha H c Vi t Nam
School of Computing SciencesUniversity of East Anglia
Ngy 30 thng 10 nm 2005
http://www.hoahocvietnam.com/http://www.hoahocvietnam.com/ -
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Tm t t n i dung
Ti li u c bin so n nh m gip cc nghin c u sinh nh ng ng i mu n s d ng LATEX so n th o lu n n T tNghi pc ah .N ub nchalmquenv iLATEXtikhuynb ntr ch tnn cLATEX for Complete Novices[5].
Cc v d c nu ra trong ti li u ny b n c th download tth m c examplestrn website c a tc gi .N u mu n xem cc v d b ng ti ng Vi t, hy tra c u VNOSSchng ti s h i ki n c a anh Nguy n i Qunh m gip vi c upload cc v d m u b ng ti ng Vi t, sau khi thi t k xong lu n n c a b n ng LATEX ngu n lnVNOSS m i ng i tham kh o nh. Ti li u ny cng c tm th y nh d ng kh c(PDF) d i d ngkh gi y A4 in nho c d i d ngslide trnh chi u trn mn hnh.
B n d ch c nhm H2VN duy t vo: Ngy 30 thng 10 nm 2005.
Ti li u g c b ng ti ng Anh v cc file nh km b n c th t i v t :http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/thesis.html . B n d ch ti ng Vi t c th t i v t :H2VN1, VietTUG2, VNOSS3ho cVnTEX4.
1Ha H c Vi t Nam2Nhm nh ng ng i Vi t Nam s d ng TEX (Vietnamese TeX Users Group)
3C ng ng m ngu n m Vi t Nam4D n VnTEX tc gi Hn Th Thnh
http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/examples/index.htmlhttp://www.vnoss.org/http://www.vnoss.org/http://thesis_a4.pdf/http://thesis_screen.pdf/http://thesis_screen.pdf/http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/thesis.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/thesis.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/thesis.htmlhttp://www.hoahocvietnam.com/http://www.viettug.org/http://www.vnoss.org/http://www.vntex.org/http://www.vntex.org/http://www.vntex.org/http://www.vntex.org/http://www.vntex.org/http://www.vntex.org/http://www.vnoss.org/http://www.viettug.org/http://www.hoahocvietnam.com/http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/thesis.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/thesis.htmlhttp://thesis_screen.pdf/http://thesis_a4.pdf/http://www.vnoss.org/http://www.vnoss.org/http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/examples/index.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.html -
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M c l c
1 Gi i thi u 1
2 B t u nh th no 2
3 Chia nh m t ti li u l n ra nhi u file 4
4 Thay i phong cch ti li u 64.1 C i bi n i t ng vn b n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.2 Thay i u trang c a cc m c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.3 Thay i tiu chng. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.4 Thm vo ph n m c l c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.5 nh ngha m t phong cch dn trang m i. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5 T o danh m c cho ti li u tham kh o 115.1 Cc tham chi u ng c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165.2 Cc l i th ng g p. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6 nh d ng 246.1 Kho ng tr ng kp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246.2 Thay i trang tiu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246.3 Trch d n vn b n u vo c a LATEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256.4 Mi tr ng tabbing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256.5 Cc nh l v thu t ton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7 T o ch m c v danh sch cc thu t ng 327.1 T o ch m c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.1.1 Nh ng v ng m c th ng g p. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347.2 T o m t b ng ch gi i thu t ng. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.2.1 Gi l nhmakeglos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357.2.2 Gi l nhglossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
8 Nhi u float khng c x l 39
Ti li u tham kh o 40
Ch m c 41
i
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Chng 1Gi i thi u
Trong cc tr ng i H c n c ta hi n nay qui nh v cch trnh by lu n n t t nghi p c th khcch c a cc tr ng trn th gi i. Nhn chung lu n n c a cc sinh vin trong n c trng r t thi u chuv cn mang n ng tnh hnh th c nhi u, v d nh khi b n lm lu n n b n ph i tn gio vin h n
trn c a ng i th c hi n thay v ch c p n tn c a h vo ph n C m n. Th m ch phong clu n n l do m i tr ng t ra m khng c m t nh d ng chu n no trong c n c, c i khi mph n bi n h ci nhau v cch trnh by ti li u c a sinh vin. H u h t ng i ta khi lm lu n n th MS Word hay vi t tay r i thu cc d ch v vn phng nh my l i, v cng vi c ch nh s a r t m t nhi uG n y m t s sinh vin cc tr ng i H c Qu c Gia quan tm n LATEX v s d ng n so n th o tili u khoa h c, y l m t d u hi u r t ng m ng.
Hi n nay cc nghin c u sinh khoa h c cng nh sinh vin cc tr ng i h c th ng c khuyd ng LATEX so n th o lu n n t t nghi p, c bi t l khi lu n n c a h c lin quan n nhi u bi uh c. Ti li u c bin so n v i m c ch l m t bi gi i thi u ng n v cch thi t k v nh d ng tv cch nh ngha cc ki u trang, u c a chng, khc v i phong cch trnh by c i n . . . N u bbao gi ng n LATEX th b n nn tm cLATEX for Complete Novices[5] v m t s ti li u Vi t Ng lin quanc th tm th y VietTUGho c tham v n cc chuyn gia v TEX trnVNOSS. Ti li u ny vi t cho nh ng ng i c nh ng ki n th c c b n v LATEX.
Xuyn su t ti li u ny, m ngu n s c minh h a d i d ng nh sau:
y l m t \textbf{v d }.
V k t qu tng ng s c minh h a d i d ng sau:
y l m tv d .
Cc nh ngha v l nh s c dng font ch nh my d i d ng nh sau:
\documentclass[ ty ch n ]{ file vi t ring cho t ng l p ti li u } nh ngha
1
http://www.viettug.org/http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.htmlhttp://www.viettug.org/http://www.vnoss.org/http://www.vnoss.org/http://www.vnoss.org/http://www.viettug.org/http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/novices.html -
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Chng 2B t u nh th no
N u b n c ai ch b o dng m t class (l p ti li u) file no , th hy c lm theo nh nh ng gc kinh nghi m h ng d n b n, cn n u khng ti khuyn b n nn dng file c a l preport . Tr c khi b n ti nhnh so n th o ti li u nn ch r ng ki u c u trc ti li u no b n nn ch n. Tr khi gio vin hb n yu c u, n u khng ti khuyn b n tr c h t nn l p ra s n c a ti li u m t nhi u trng gi ng n
\documentclass[a4paper]{report}\usepackage[utf8x]{vietnam}\usepackage{urwvn}
\begin{document}
\title{V D M U V LU N N T T NGHI P}\author{Tn c a b n}\date{Thng 10 nm 2005}
\maketitle
\pagenumbering{roman}\tableofcontents\listoffigures\listoftables
\chapter*{L i c m n}
\begin{abstract}\end{abstract}
\pagenumbering{arabic}
\chapter{Gi i thi u}\label{ch:gioithieu}
\chapter{Vo }\label{ch:vaode}
\chapter{Phng php nghin c u}\label{ch:phuongphap}
\chapter{K t qu thu c}\label{ch:ketqua}
\chapter{K t lu n}\label{ch:ketluan}
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CHNG 2. B T U NH TH NO 3
\bibliographystyle{plain}\bibliography{thesis}
\end{document}
N u b n download file ngu n c a v d ny, n s gip b n xc nh r ng ti li u c a b n c tr c khi b n b t u nh p n i dung c a ti li u.
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Chng 3Chia nh m t ti li u l n ra nhi u file
M t s ng i thch t m i chng trong m t ti li u l n thnh m t file ring bi t. B n c th lm vicch s d ng dng l nh sau:
\include{ tn c a file } nh ngha
N u b n ch mu n lm vi c v i m t hay hai chng, b n c th bo cho LATEX bi t nh km nh ng file ny v il nh:
\includeonly{ li t k tn file } nh ngha
ph n khai bo ni mtn c a cc file m b n mu n nh vo cch nhau b ng d u ph y. LATEX s c t t c ccthng tin v tham chi u cho i v i nh ng chng khng c nh vo danh sch, nhng s khnchng vo file DVI. C m t l i i m v i vi c ny l n u c m t s l ng l n hnh nh trong chng b n, m b n khng mu n nh km theo khi lm vi c, v th i gian bin d ch s lu hn, y l m t m
nhin b n v n c th tham chi u n cc hnh nh trong nh ng chng b n khng nh km theo khi md ch ti li u v i LATEX sau khi b l nh\includeonly .
V d c nu ra trong Chng2by gi c th chia nh ra lm nhi u file:
Filethesis.tex:\documentclass[a4paper]{report}\usepackage[utf8x]{vietnam}\usepackage{urwvn}\begin{document}
\title{V D M U V LU N N T T NGHI P}\author{Tn c a b n}\date{Thng 10 nm 2005}
\maketitle
\pagenumbering{roman}\tableofcontents\listoffigures\listoftables
\chapter*{L i c m n}
\begin{abstract}\end{abstract}
4
http://examples/thesis2.texhttp://examples/thesis2.texhttp://examples/thesis2.tex -
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CHNG 3. CHIA NH M T TI LI U L N RA NHI U FILE 5
\pagenumbering{arabic}
\include{gioithieu}
\include{vaode}
\include{phuongphap}
\include{ketqua}
\include{ketluan}
\bibliographystyle{plain}\bibliography{thesis}
\end{document}
Filegioithieu.tex:
\chapter{Gi i thi u}\label{ch:gioithieu}
Filevaode.tex:
\chapter{Vo }\label{ch:vaode}
Filephuongphap.tex:
\chapter{Phng php}\label{ch:phuongphap}
Fileketqua.tex:\chapter{K t qu }\label{ch:ketqua}
Fileketluan.tex:
\chapter{K t lu n}\label{ch:ketluan}
N u b n ch mu n lm vi c v i chng Phng Php v chng K t Qu b n ch c n t nh ngph n khai bo.
\includeonly{phuongphap,ketqua}
http://examples/gioithieu.texhttp://examples/gioithieu.texhttp://examples/vaode.texhttp://examples/vaode.texhttp://examples/phuongphap.texhttp://examples/phuongphap.texhttp://examples/ketqua.texhttp://examples/ketqua.texhttp://examples/ketluan.texhttp://examples/ketluan.texhttp://examples/ketqua.texhttp://examples/phuongphap.texhttp://examples/vaode.texhttp://examples/gioithieu.tex -
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Chng 4Thay i phong cch ti li u
B n c th nh ngha l i\Chng , \m c thay i u c a trang trong ti li u. N u b n mu n thay i tti khuyn r ng b n t o m t file ring cho l p ti (class file) li u m i. lm vi c ny c hai l do chh t, m t s l nh c lin quan s d ng m t k t@m n s thay i tnh nng c a n ty thu c vo vi c n c
c dng trong m t l p hay gi l nh hay trong m t file vn b n thng th ng, v th hai l n u b n l nh trong ti li u g c c a b n, i u ny s qu y r i b my ki m tra chnh t hay b m t1.Nh v y b n c nn t o ra m t gi l nh hay m t class file hay khng? Cc gi l nh nn c thi
l p v i class file. Ch ng h n nh, gi l nhgraphicx lm vi c khng ph thu c vo vi c b n c ang dngreport , article , slide class file hay khng. N u l nh hay mi tr ng m b n mu n nh ngha theo phcch ring c a mnh, khc so v i cc class file s n c th b n nn t o m t class file m i d a trn phonli u m b n mu n h ng n. Cn n u b n mu n nh ngha ki u trnh by chng m c m i v phom n s c l p v i t t c cc ph n cn l i c a ti li u, th c ngha l n ph thu c vo class file. Dnn t o m t class file m i b ng vi c ch nh s a file c, s ti t ki m c nhi u cng s c hn l tl nh m i.
Hy xem v d d i y. N u b n mu n t o m t l p m i g i lmythesis b n c n t o m t file g i lmythesis.cls , v ph n m u trong file c a b n s trng gi ng nh th ny:
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}\ProvidesClass{mythesis}
K n b n ph i xc nh c b n s lm g v i cc l a ch n trong filereport . Khi m chng ta khng c n nh ngha l i b t c l a ch n no c s n trong file c nh ngha tr c th n gi n hy bch n trongreport class file:
\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{report}}
Sau khi t t c cc l a ch n c khai bo chng c n c x l:\ProcessOptions
By gi l preport c n c n p l i:\LoadClass{report}
dng cu i cng trong file c a b n c n c l nh:\endinput
N i dung c a class file m i ny s c chn vo gi a cc l nh\LoadClass{report} v\endinput . Sau b n c n ch nh s a l i m ngu n c a b n, filethesis.tex s dng class file m i c t o ny.
\documentclass[a4paper]{mythesis}
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CHNG 4. THAY I PHONG CCH TI LI U 8
B ng 4.2: Th t cc m c
ph n -1chng 0m c 1m c con th nh t 2m c con th 2 3o n vn 4o n vn con 5
Tham kh oA Guide to L AT E X [2] c thm thng tin.
C m t b m g i lsecnumdepth i u khi n th t c a cc m c c nh s . Th t s tng ng nh ng g nu trong B ng4.2. Theo m c nh th gi tr ny l 2, nn ch c cc ph n, chng, m c v m cth nh t c cc s lin i. B n c th dng\setcounter thay i gi tr c asecnumdepth . V d nhn u b n mu n l nh\paragraph in ra m t s lm nh sau:\settocounter{secnumdepth}{4}
4.3 Thay i tiu chngN ub nmu nthay iphongcchc atiu choccph nhayccchngb nkhngth dngl nh\@startsection .Thay vo b n dng l nh\secdef . N u b n n p filereport.cls vo trong editor c a b n, b n s th y r ngc hai l nh\part v\chapter dng\secdef . nh ngha v\chapter c dng sau:
\secdef\@chapter\@schapter
v\part c dng sau:\secdef\@part\@spart
Argument u tin trong\secdef thng bo cho LATEX c n th c hi n nh ng g n u phin b n cha c nhd u sao c dng, v argument th hai thng bo cho LATEX c n lm g n u nh phin b n nh d u sao cs d ng. Do v y l nh
\chapter{Gi i thi u}
s dng l nh\@chapter , tri l i l nh
\chapter*{L i c m n}
s dng l nh\@schapter .L nh\@chapter v\@schapter dngl nl tccl nh\@makechapterheadv\@makeschapterhead , nh d ng tiu chng, v n u b n mu n thay i nh d ng chng, nh ngha l i cc l nh\@makechapterhead v\@makeschapterhead . Cch d nh t lm i u ny ltm m c a nh ng l nh ny trongreport.cls v copy chng vo trong class file c a b n,mythesis , c p trn, v ch nh s a cc l nh nh d ng thch h p.
V d , gi s r ng b n mu n c m t hng xu t hi n trn v d i tiu chng v tiu s xu tch in hoa nh (thng th ng trn tiu trang, tn c a m c xu t hi n trang bn tri v tn chng trang bn ph i) b n lm nh sau:
\renewcommand{\@makechapterhead}[1]{%\vspace*{50\p@}%{\parindent \z@ \raggedright \normalfont
\hrule % ng k ngang\vspace{5pt}% % thm kho ng cch theo chi u d c\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
\huge\scshape \@chapapp\space \thechapter % nh s chng\par\nobreak
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CHNG 4. THAY I PHONG CCH TI LI U 9
\vskip 20\p@\fi\interlinepenalty\@M\Huge \scshape #1\par % tiu chng\vspace{5pt}% % thm kho ng cch chi u d c\hrule % ng k ngang\nobreak\vskip 40\p@
}}
\renewcommand{\@makeschapterhead}[1]{%\vspace*{50\p@}%{\parindent \z@ \raggedright
\normalfont\hrule % ng k ngang\vspace{5pt}% % thm kho ng cch chi u d c\interlinepenalty\@M\Huge \scshape #1\par % tiu chng
\vspace{5pt}% % thm kho ng cch chi u d c\hrule % ng k ngang\nobreak\vskip 40\p@
}}
B n c th download filemythesis.clsc nh km t t c cc v d trong chng ny.
4.4 Thm vo ph n m c l cCc phin b n c a cc l nh nh s cc m c khng c thm ph n m c l c i u ny c m cnhng b n v n c th thm vo, s d ng:
\addcontentsline{ file }{ type }{vn b n } nh ngha
file y l ph n m r ng c a file trong n i dung c ghi ln. Do v y y s ltoc (table of contents) choph n m c l c cnlof (list of figures) l danh sch hnh nh vlot (list of tables) l danh sch cc b ng.
type y l lo i i t ng b n a vo ph n n i dung nh chng, m c, hnh nh.text y l ph n vn b n trong n i dung ti li uCh ng h n nh, m c ti li u tham kh o c t o ra b ng vi c dng cc phin b n nh d u sa\chapter nn n khng c n thm vo ph n m c l c n a, b n c th ti n hnh.
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}B mtocdepth i u khi n m c th t vo c a cc m c trong b ng m c l c. Th t tng ng c a c c li t k B ng4.2.Class filereport thi t l p chotocdepth n m th t s 2, c ngha l ch c cc ph n, cc chng, m c vm cnh s cthmvob ngm cl c.B ncth dngl nh\setcounter thay igitr c atocdepth .Ch ng h n nh g n c m c con th 2, o n vn v o n vn con vo b ng m c l c lm nh sau:
\setocounter{tocdepth}{5}
4.5 nh ngha m t phong cch dn trang m i
C hai phong cch dn trang c LATEX2
nh ngha s n lempty vplain . Cc cch dn trang ny c th c l a ch n b ng cch dng m t trong hai l nh sau:2 h u h t cc lass file chu n bao g mreport v nh ngha phong cch trangheadings vmyheadings
http://examples/mythesis.clshttp://examples/mythesis.cls -
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CHNG 4. THAY I PHONG CCH TI LI U 10
\pagestyle{ style } nh ngha
thay i phong cch trang t i m ny cho n h t ti li u, ho c
\thispagestyle{ style } nh ngha
thay i cho m t trang xc nh no .
C hai l nh ny u g i l nh\ps@style th c hi n cng vi c, v cng chnh l nh ny nh ngha l i cch hith c a header v footer3. Do \pagestyle{plain} g i l nh\ps@plain n l t g i cc l nh nh nghal i header v footer, v\pagestyle{empty} g i l nh\ps@empty . . . nh ngha m t phong cch trang m i m y chng ta g i lthesis , tr c h t b n c n nh ngha m tl nh c g i l\ps@thesis . K t khi tn l nh ch a m t k t@, nh ngha c n nh p vo file phong cchhay file l p ti li u.Header v footer cho trang l v trang ch n c th c xc nh b ng vi c nh ngha l i cc l nh sa
\@oddhead,\@evenhead
,\@oddfoot
v\@evenfoot
.Gi s r ng b n mu n trang m i c header r ng v footer c ch a s trang v i hai d u g ch ngang ha-10- ) chnh gi a chn trang b n c th lm nh sau:
\newcommand{\ps@thesis}{\renewcommand{\@oddhead}{}% header tr ng\renewcommand{\@evenhead}{}% header tr ng\renewcommand{\@oddfoot}{\hfill-\thepage-\hfill}%\renewcommand{\@evenfoot}{\hfill-\thepage-\hfill}%
}
Ch r ng khi b n dng m c nh l a ch noneside cho class filereport th ch c cc l nh\@oddhead v
\@oddfoot s c kch ho t. Cn n u b n mu n nh s trang ch n v l khc nhau th b n ph i nhl a ch ntwoside 4.B n cng c th ty bi n phong cch trang b ng cch s d ng gi l nhfancyhdr c a Piet van Oostrum.Tham kh o thm A Guide to L AT E X [2]. Tr khi b n c yu c u, cn khng ti khuyn b n dng phong ccheadings .
3kh i ph i bn ch c ai cng bi t header v footer l g r i4nhng l a ch n k c c ny khng thch h p trong m t lu n n
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 12
Xem thm trongA Guide to L AT E X [2] ho cThe L AT E X Companion[1] bi t thm chi ti t v nh ng phong cchtrnh by khc v Ti li u tham kh o, hy th o lu n v i gio vin h ng d n c a b n v m t phong cc th no m b n nn dng.
Danh m c trong c s d li u c a ti li u tham kh o nn c d ng nh sau:
@Th lo i danh m c {t kha ,vng i n tn = "vn b n ",
...
vng i n tn = "vn b n "}
trong lo i danh m c xc nh th lo i c a danh m c (v d book ho c article). Cc ki u danh m c chuli t k trang B ng5.1.
B ng 5.1: Cc ki u danh m c BibTeX chu n
article Bi bo t cc t p chbook Sch xu t b nbooklet Cc ti c in khng c xu t b nconference Tng t nhinproceedingsinbook Ph n, chng, m c trong m t quy n schincollection M t chng trong m t quy n sch c tc gi v tiu ringinproceedings M t bi bo co c lu trong bin b n c a m t h i nghmanual Ti li u k thu tmastersthesis Lu n n Th c Smisc Cng vi c khng theo qui nh chu nphdthesis Lu n n Ti n Sproceedings Bin b n h i ngh
techreport Bo co c xu t b n b i trung tm nghin c uunpublished Ti li u khng xu t b n nhng c tc gi v tiu
Trong m t danh m c,t kha l m t ci nhn ng n c dng trch d n v i l nh\cite . N u b n vi t ccti li u tham kh o v i mi tr ngthebibliography v n c cng argument v i\bibitem . Sau c m td u ph y phn cch cc tn trong vng i n tn,vng i n tn = vn b n . Vng i n tn xc nh tn c avn b n v d nhtiu , tc gi . B ng5.2li t k cc d ng chu n. Ch r ng m t s ki u danh m c tili u tham kh o c th nh ngha thm m t s m c khng chu n nhemail hayurl . XemA Guide to L AT E X [2]ho cThe L AT E X Companion[1] bi t thm chi ti t v nh ng ki u khng c li t k trong B ng5.2.
Cc vng yu c u hay l a ch n cho cc ki u danh m c chu n c li t k trong B ng5.3. N u danh m c cm t m c v a l m c l a ch n v a l m c b t bu c th BIBTEX s b qua. i u ny c ngha l b n c th c m tph n g i ltm t t n i dung ti li u , v ph n ny s c b qua b i phong cch ln danh sch tili u tham kh o chu n, nhng n cng s c ln danh sch n u b n dng ki u trnh by danh sch tkh o c m c cho ph ntm t t n i dung ti li u . Do b n c th lu tr thm thng tin trong ph nc s d li u m n s khng xu t hi n trong danh m c ti li u tham kh o.
Tn c a cc tc gi th ng c nh p vo theo cc nh d ng sau: tn thnh von h von h , tn thnh von h , jr , tn thnh
V d :Danh m c Output ( ki u vi t t t )"Alex Thomas von Neumann" A.T. von Neumann"John Chris {Smith Jones}" J.C. Smith Jones"van de Klee, Mary-Jane" M.-J. van de Klee"Smith, Jr, Fred John" F.J. Smith, Jr"Maria {\uppercase{d}e La} Cruz" M. De La Cruz
http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node38.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node38.html -
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 13
B ng 5.2: Cc m c chu n trong BiBTeX
address a ch c a nh xu t b n hay trung tm nghin c uauthor Tn c a cc tc gibooktitle Tiu c a sch, y l ph n trch d n vo trong danh sc cc ti li u tham kh ochapter Chng hay cc m c c nh sedition n b n c a schhowpublished Nh ng ti li u khng chu n c xu t b n nh th noinstitution n v ti tr cho vi c nghin c ujournal Tn c a t p chmonth Thng m ti li u c xu t b nnote Cc thng tin b sungnumber S pht hnh c a t p ch, cc bo co khoa h corganization T ch c ti tr cho h i nghpages S trang hay kho ng trangpublisher Tn c a nh xu t b nschool Trung tm hay khoa nghin c u ni m ti c th c hi nseries Tn c a cc lnh v c kh o sttitle Tn ti nghin c utype Th lo i c a bo co khoa h cvolume S ra c a ti li u
B ng 5.3: Cc m c yu c u v l a ch n
Lo i danh m c Cc m c yu c u Cc m c l a ch narticle tc gi , tiu , t p ch , nm t p, thng , ch thch , s ra , trangbook tc gi ho c ng i hi u nh ,
tiu , nh xu t b n , nm a ch , n b n, t p hay s ra ,thng , ch thch , trang , th lo i
booklet tiu tc gi , a ch , xu t b n thno , thng , ch gi i , nm
inbook tc gi ho c ng i bin t p ,chng ho ctrang , tiu , nhxu t b n , nm
a ch , n b n, t p hay s ra ,thng , ch gi i , th lo i , ki u
incollection tc gi , tiu , tiu sch ,nh xu t b n , nm
a ch , chng, ng i bin t p ,n b n, t p ho cs ra , thng , ch
thch , trang , th lo i , ki uinproceedings tc gi , tiu , tn sch , nm a ch , ng i bin t p , t p ho c
s ra , thng , ch thch , tn tch c , trang , nh xu t b n , thlo i , ki u
manual tiu tc gi , a ch , n b n, thng ,ch thch , tn t ch c , nm
mastersthesis tc gi , tiu , tr ng , nm a ch , thng , ch thch , ki umisc tc gi , xu t b n th no , thng ,
ch thch , tiu , nmphdthesis tc gi , tiu , tr ng , nm a ch , thng , ch thch , lo iproceedings tiu , nm ng i bin t p , tn t ch c ,
a ch , t p ho cs ra , th lo i ,thng , nh xu t b n , ch thch
techreport tc gi , tiu , trung tmnghin c u , nm
ki u , s ra , a ch , thng , chthch
unpublished tc gi , tiu , ch thch thng , nm
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 14
So snh v d tr c v i:"Maria De La Cruz" m n s in ra: M. D. L. Cruz, l khng ng.Cc tc gi nn tch ring b ng t khaand (v). D i y l m t v d dng danh m c book:
@book{goossens97,author (tc gi ) = "Goossens, Michel and Rahtz, Sebastian v
Mittelbach, Frank",
title (tiu ) = "The \LaTeX\ graphics companion:Cc ti li u minh h a v i \TeX\ v {PostScript}",publisher (nh xu t b n) = "Addison Wesley Longman, Inc",year (nm) = 1997
}
Trongvd nytht kha lgoossens97 ,dob ncth trchd ndanhm cv il nh\cite{goossens97} .Phong cch trnh by danh sch ti li u tham kh o th ng chuy n tiu sang ch th ng v tn Pos c t trong ngo c mc v n s khng b chuy n sang ch th ng.
Ch r ng ngo c mc{} c th dng thay cho d u trch d n i . V d trn c vi t l i n gi n hn:
@book{goossens97,author (tc gi ) = {Goossens, Michel and Rahtz, Sebastian and
Mittelbach, Frank},title (tiu ) = {The \LaTeX\ graphics companion:cc ti li u minh h a v i \TeX\ v {PostScript}},
year (nh xu t b n) = {Addison Wesley Longman, Inc},year (nm) = 1997
}
Cc s nh nm 1997 khng c n t trong gi i h n v i d u trch d n hay ngo c mc. Do b n cpages (trang) = 10
nhng kho ng trang cng c n c vi t ra:pages = "10--45"
Cc ki u trnh by ti li u tham kh o lun dng ba ch ci vi t t t dng cho thng:jan = thng1 , feb= thng2 , mar = thng3 ...Cc ch vi t t t nn c dng thay v g y tn c a chng, v cc d ng c a chng ph thu c vo m i phong cch nh d ng danh sch ti li u tham kh o. Cc ch vi t ti n vo m khng c d u trch d n:
@inproceedings{talbot97,author = "Talbot, Nicola and Cawley, Gavin",title = " M t gi i thu t s p x p nhanh v
d li u hnh nh cho vector robust l ng t ha",booktitle = "Proceedings of the I.E.E.E. H i ngh
Qu c t v x l hnh nh",address = "Santa Barbara, California, USA",month = oct,year = 1997
}
Sau y l m t v d v m t c s d li u c a ti li u tham kh o ( b n c th downloadv d ny trong ccfile m ti nh km v i file ngu n c a ti li u Vi t Ng , n u mu n b n mu n xem:
@book{goossens97,author = "Goossens, Michel and Rahtz, Sebastian and
Mittelbach, Frank",title = "The \LaTeX\ graphics companion: Ti li u
minh h a v i \TeX\ v {PostScript}",publisher = "Addison Wesley Longman, Inc",year = 1997
}
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 16
\bibliography{ref1}\bibliography{ref2}
M t v s khc bi t v phong cnh trnh by danh sch cc ti li u tham kh o c th hi n Hnh5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6v5.7. Ch r ng ki u trnh by ti li u tham kh oapalike c n c gi l nhapalike . bin d ch ch tiu Biolography sang ti ng Vi t b n ph i dngNotepad++ t ch encodel Encode in UTF8 chuy n Biolography sang ti ng vi t trong fileapalike.sty , khi ch nh s a xong, lufile r i bin d ch l i ti li u.
5.1 Cc tham chi u ng cGi l nhbackref c cung c p v i gihyperref s t m t d u ph y ngn cch cc m c, s trang trnnh ng trang m ti trch d n ra cu i m i m c trong danh sch tham kh o. M i ti li u tham kh otr ngthebibliography ph i c ngn cch b ng m t hng tr ng, nhng thng th ng th BIBTEX t ngth c hi n i u ny, b n ch ph i lo l ng v i u ny n u b n t o mi tr ngthebibliography m khng c sh tr c a BIBTEX. Cc s s c m c nh cho vi c nh s cc m c ni m cc l nh\cite tng ng c pd ng, nhng i u ny c th thay i s trang b i vi c b qua ch n l apagebackref cho gi l nhbackref(ho c gi l nhhyperref n u b n dng n).Gi l nhbackrefx m r ng gibackref v cung c p vn b n b sung ch ng h n nh: (Trch d n trn trang1, 4 v 10). Cc l nh ny lun s n c ch nh s a vn b n c t o ra. Phong cch c a danh sch tkh o output c minh h a trong ph n dnh choti li u tham kh oc a ti li u ny.
5.2 Cc l i th ng g p BIBTEX vi t mi tr ngthebibliography cho m t file.bbl . N u b n gy m t l i trong file.bib ,
th l i ny s c copy vo file.bbl . Cn n u b n s a l i trong file.bib , nhng b n v n g p l itrong khi bin d ch ti li u, th xa file.bbl i.
Hy nh dng d u trch d n kp ho c ngo c mc gi i h n ni i n tn trong file.bib .
Hy nh t m t d u ph y cu i m i vng i n tn ngo i tr l dng cu i cng. Ph i ch c r ng b n ch dng ch ci v cc ch s trong ph n t kha.
K hi u ch thch (%) trong LATEX khng cn l m t k hi u ch thch trong file.bib file.
N u b n i n tn vo cc khu v c i n tn trong file.bib nhng n khng xu t hi n trong danh m c thamkh o, th ph i ki m tra l i vng i n tn l yu c u hay l a ch n cho ki u danh m c ang s d
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 17
Ti li u tham kh o
[1] G. C. Cawley andN. L. C. Talbot. Gi i thu t s p x p nhanh cho vector l ngtha qua cc knh truy n nhi u.I.E.E. Electronic Letters, 32(15):13431344,July 1996.
[2] M. Goossens, S. Rahtz, and F. Mittelbach.The L AT E X graphics companion: Tili u minh h a v i T E X v PostScript . Addison Wesley Longman, Inc, 1997.
[3] N. L. C. Talbot and G. C. Cawley. M t gi i thu t s p x p nhanh ch s v dli u hnh nh c a vector robust l ng t ha. InProceedings of the I.E.E.E. H i ngh Qu c t v x l hnh nh, Santa Barbara, California, USA, Oct.1997.
[4] R. B. Wainwright. c t t nh ng th c ph m km ch t l ng mi n nam.In A. H. W. Hauschild and K. L. Dodds, editors, Clostridium botulinum: Sinhthi v ki m sot th c ph m, chapter 12, pages 305322. Marcel Dekker, Inc,1993.
Hnh 5.1: Trnh by ti li u tham kh o ki uabbrv
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 18
Ti li u tham kh o
[1] CAWLEY, G. C.,AND TALBOT, N. L. C. Gi i thu t s p x p nhanh cho vectorl ng t ha qua cc knh truy n nhi u.I.E.E. Electronic Letters 32, 15 (July1996), 13431344.
[2] GOOSSENS, M., RAHTZ, S., AND MITTELBACH, F. The L AT E X graphics com- panion: Ti li u minh h a v i T E X v PostScript . Addison Wesley Longman,Inc, 1997.
[3] TALBOT, N. L. C.,AND CAWLEY, G. C. M t gi i thu t s p x p nhanh chs v d li u hnh nh c a vector robust l ng t ha. InProceedings of the I.E.E.E. H i ngh Qu c t v x l hnh nh(Santa Barbara, California, USA,Oct. 1997).
[4] WAINWRIGHT, R. B. c t t nh ng th c ph m km ch t l ng mi nnam. In Clostridium botulinum: Sinh thi v ki m sot th c ph m, A. H. W.Hauschild and K. L. Dodds, Eds. Marcel Dekker, Inc, 1993, ch. 12, pp. 305322.
Hnh 5.2: Trnh by ti li u tham kh o ki uacm
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 20
Ti li u tham kh o
[1] M. Goossens, S. Rahtz, and F. Mittelbach,The L AT E X graphics companion: Tili u minh h a v i T E X v PostScript . Addison Wesley Longman, Inc, 1997.
[2] N. L. C. Talbot and G. C. Cawley, M t gi i thu t s p x p nhanh ch s v dli u hnh nh c a vector robust l ng t ha, inProceedings of the I.E.E.E. H i ngh Qu c t v x l hnh nh, (Santa Barbara, California, USA), Oct.1997.
[3] G. C. Cawley and N. L. C. Talbot, Gi i thu t s p x p nhanh cho vector l ngt ha quacc knh truy n nhi u, I.E.E. Electronic Letters, vol. 32, pp. 13431344, July 1996.
[4] R. B. Wainwright, c t t nh ng th c ph m km ch t l ng mi nnam, in Clostridium botulinum: Sinh thi v ki m sot th c ph m(A. H. W.Hauschild and K. L. Dodds, eds.), ch. 12, pp. 305322, Marcel Dekker, Inc,1993.
Hnh 5.4: Trnh by ti li u tham kh o ki uieeetr
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 22
Ti li u tham kh o
[1] Michel Goossens, Sebastian Rahtz, and Frank Mittelbach.The L AT E X graph-ics companion: Ti li u minh h a v i T E X v PostScript . Addison Wesley
Longman, Inc, 1997.
[2] Nicola L. C. Talbot and Gavin C. Cawley. M t gi i thu t s p x p nhanh chs v d li u hnh nh c a vector robust l ng t ha. InProceedings of the I.E.E.E. H i ngh Qu c t v x l hnh nh, Santa Barbara, California, USA,October 1997.
[3] Gavin C. Cawley and Nicola L. C. Talbot. Gi i thu t s p x p nhanh chovector l ng t ha qua cc knh truy n nhi u.I.E.E. Electronic Letters,32(15):13431344, July 1996.
[4] Robert B. Wainwright. c t t nh ng th c ph m km ch t l ng mi nnam. In Andreas H. W. Hauschild and Karen L. Dodds, editors, Clostridiumbotulinum: Sinh thi v ki m sot th c ph m, chapter 12, pages 305322.Marcel Dekker, Inc, 1993.
Hnh 5.6: Trnh by ti li u tham kh o ki uunsrt
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CHNG 5. T O DANH M C CHO TI LI U THAM KH O 23
Ti li u tham kh o
Cawley, G. C. and Talbot, N. L. C. (1996). Gi i thu t s p x p nhanh cho vec-tor l ng t ha qua cc knh truy n nhi u.I.E.E. Electronic Letters,32(15):13431344.
Goossens, M., Rahtz, S., and Mittelbach, F. (1997).The L AT E X graphics compan-ion: Ti li u minh h a v i T E X v PostScript . Addison Wesley Longman,Inc.
Talbot, N. L. C. and Cawley, G. C. (1997). M t gi i thu t s p x p nhanh ch sv d li u hnh nh c a vector robust l ng t ha. InProceedings of the I.E.E.E. H i ngh Qu c t v x l hnh nh, Santa Barbara, California, USA.
Wainwright,R. B. (1993). c t t nh ngth c ph m km ch t l ng mi n nam.In Hauschild, A. H. W. and Dodds, K. L., editors, Clostridium botulinum:Sinh thiv ki m sot th cph m, chapter 12, pages 305322. MarcelDekker,Inc.
Hnh 5.7: Trnh by ti li u tham kh o ki uapalike ; yu c u giapalike
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Chng 6 nh d ng
6.1 Kho ng tr ng kpKho ng tr ng kp th ng khng c ch p nh n trong th gi i c a phng php s p ch hi n n th ng l m t yu c u khi b n vi t m t lu n n Ti n S v n cho php ng i ch m c ch ghKho ng tr ng kp c th thu c b ng cch dng m t trong hai mi tr ngspacing c nh ngha trong gidoublespace ho c b ng cch nh ngha l i gi tr c a\baselinestretch . Gi tr ny ph thu c vo kchc font ch (xem b ng Table6.1). tr v l i ch kho ng tr ng n, t cho\baselinestretch gi trl 1.
B ng 6.1: Gi tr kho ng tr ng kp cho\baselinestretch
Kch c font 10pt 11pt 12pt\baselinestretch 1.67 1.62 1.66
Do v y n u b n dng c ch l 12pt, th b n s c n dng sau y:\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.66}
6.2 Thay i trang tiu Phong cch trang tiu c t o b i l nh\maketitle c th khng ph h p v i qui nh c a cc tr ng iH c, n u g p ph i v n ny th b n nn chuy n qua dng mi tr ngtitlepage .V d :\begin{titlepage}\begin{center}
\vspace*{1in}{\LARGE M t V D M u v Lu n n Ti n S}\par\vspace{1.5in}{\large Tn c a B n}\par\vfillLu n n Ti n S Ha H c\par\vspace{0.5in}Trung Tm Tnh Ton Ha H c L Thuy t\par\vspace{0.5in} i H c Qu c Gia, Tp. HCM\par\vspace{0.5in}
24
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CHNG 6. NH D NG 25
Thng 10 nm 2005\end{center}\end{titlepage}
K t qu output c minh h a trong Hnh6.1.Tham v n gio vin h ng d n c a b n v nh d ng c a trang tiu c yu c u nh th no.
6.3 Trch d n vn b n u vo c a LATEXC i khi b n mu n trch d n vn b n m n gi nguyn d ng th nh khi b n nh p ngu n vo editormu n gn m t o n m c a my tnh vo ti li u. i u ny c th th c hi n b ng mi tr ngverbatim .
\begin{verbatim}#include
int main(){
printf{"The chemistry website of vietnam\n"};
return 1;}\end{verbatim}
cho ra d ng output nh sau:#include
int main(){
printf{"The chemistry website of vietnam\n"};
return 1;}
N i dung c a m t file cng c th c trch d n nguyn b n s d ng l nh
\verbatiminput{ tn file } nh ngha
c nh ngha trong gi l nhverbatim . V d :\verbatiminput{chem.tex}
th trong chem.tex l tn c a file (nh dng g ch xin sau/ lm phn cch cc th m c).Ch : Khng thch h p c nhi u vn b n ki u ny trong lu n n c a b n. i u c th lm c
ng i ch m b c mnh, n u nh b n nh km t ng trang c a cc o n m c a lu n n lm cho ti li(b n tham lam qu) th cng khng l a c m y ng i ch m u. N u b n mu n nh km cc o n mhy tham v n v i gio vin c a b n (cng ng c u x m y trang c ch a cc o n m ngu n y, chnthng c m v i b n cht no u) xem c thch h p nh km chng hay khng.
6.4 Mi tr ng tabbingTab l g? Xin tha Tab tn c a m t phm trn bn phm. Trong cc ng d ng nh x l b ng tnh nhExcel,Quarto Pro, Statgraphic Plus, Multisimplex . . .Phm ny c tc d ng di chuy n con tr t ny sang khc. Haytrong cc chng trnh x l vn b n nhMs Word, Open Office, Word perfect, AbiWord v th m ch phm nycng c hi u l c trong cc editor m b n ang dng nh p ngu n cho lu n n . . .. Phm ny c tc d ng dichuy n con tr theo m t kho ng cch xc nh v bn ph i, v kho ng cch ny c m c nh hay d
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CHNG 6. NH D NG 26
V D M u v Lu n n Ti n S
Tn c a B n
Lu n n Ti n S Ha H c
Trung Tm Tnh Ton Ha H c L Thuy t
i H c Qu c Gia, Tp. H Ch Minh
Thng 10 nm 2005
Hnh 6.1: V d v trang Tiu
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CHNG 6. NH D NG 27
thi t l p s n. Mi tr ngtabbing cho php b n t o cc i m d ng tab do b n c th tab n m t khocch m c nh no t l tri. Trong mi tr ng tabbing b n c th dng l nh\= m c nh i m d ng tab,v l nh\> nh y n i m d ng k ti p, v l nh\< di chuy n ng c l i i m d ng tr c ,\+ d i l trisang ph i m t tab v l nh\- d i l tri sang tri m t tab, l nh\\ s b t u m t dng m i v\kill dng thi t l p b t c i m d ng tab trong dng hi n t i nhng n khng t ng s p hng.
V d :1. y l v d u tin t ra ba i m d ng tab:
\begin{tabbing}Zero \=M t \=Hai \=Ba\\\>i m d ng tab u tin\\\>A\>\>B\\\>\>i m d ng tab th 2\end{tabbing}
N cho ra output nh sau:Zero M t Hai Ba
i m d ng tab th nh tA B
i m d ng tab th 2
2. y l v d th 2 thi t l p 4 i m d ng tab, nhng n b qua dng u tin:
\begin{tabbing}AAA \=BBBB \=XX \=YYYYYY \=Z \kill\>\>\>i m d ng tab th 3\\\>a \>\>b \>c\end{tabbing}
Cho ra output nh sau:
i m d ng tab th 3a b c
6.5 Cc nh l v thu t tonM t lu n n Ti n S th ng ch a cc nh l, b v cc nh ngha ...Nh ng c u trc ny th ngnh l nh
\newtheorem{ type }{ tiu }[b m vng ngoi] nh ngha
trong type l ki u c u trc ti li u c a b n (v d nh l),tiu l t c in m dng u c a c u trc(v d : nh l) v n u c m t argument l a ch nb m vng ngoi , th b m c a c u trc s d a trnb m vng ngoi (nh trong b argument l a ch n\newcounter ).
B n nn nh ngha nh l m i c a c a b n trong ph n preamble hay trong m t gi l nh ho c tronKhi b n nh ngha nh l m i c a b n, m t mi tr ng m i c t o ra theo tn c a ki u c u trny c m t argument l a ch n m b n c th dng nh r m t u cho c u trc.
V d :
http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node69.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node69.html -
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CHNG 6. NH D NG 28
1. nh ngha m t c u trc nh l. B m c a c u trc ny khng ph thu c vo b m c a c
\newtheorem{theorem}{ nh l}
\begin{theorem}N u $\lambda$ l m t gi tr ring c a $\mathbf{B}$ v ivector ring $\vec{\xi}$, th $\lambda^n$ l m tgi tr ring c a $\mathbf{B}^n$ v i vectorring $\vec{\xi}$.\end{theorem}
Cho ra output nh sau:
nh l 1N u l m t gi tr ring c aB v i vector ring , th n l m t gi tr ring c aB n v i vector ring .
(Xem thmLATEX for Complete Novices[5] n u b n khng bi t nh ngha l i l nh\vec vector xu thi n d i d ng in m).
2. Trong v d ny, nh l c nh ngha ph thu c trn b m c a chng. B m nh ll p l i m i l n b t u m t chng m i:
\newtheorem{theorem}{ nh l}[chapter]
\begin{theorem}N u $\lambda$ l m t gi tr ring c a $\mathbf{B}$ v ivector ring $\vec{\xi}$, th $\lambda^n$ l m t
gi tr ring c a $\mathbf{B}^n$ v i vector ring $\vec{\xi}$.\end{theorem}
s cho ra output:
nh l 6.1N u l m t gi tr ringB v i vector ring , th n l m t gi tr ring c aB n v i vector ring .
3. Trong v d ny, nh l c gn cho m t nhn:
\newtheorem{theorem}{ nh l}[chapter]
\begin{theorem}[Cc ly th a vector ring]N u $\lambda$ l m t gi tr ring c a $\mathbf{B}$ v ivector ring $\vec{\xi}$, th $\lambda^n$ l m tgi tr ring c a $\mathbf{B}^n$ v i vector ring $\vec{\xi}$.\end{theorem}
s cho ra output:
nh l 6.1 (Cc ly th a vector ring)N u l m t gi tr ring c aB
v i vector ring , thn
l m t gitr ring c aB n v i vector ring .
http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node66.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node66.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node66.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node66.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node66.htmlhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/novices/node66.html -
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CHNG 6. NH D NG 29
4. Trong v d ny, m t c u trc thu t ton c t o ra. L nh\hfill\par c dng ngn ch n mitr ngtabbing t vi c nh y vo trong tiu c a thu t ton.
\newtheorem{algorithm}{Thu t ton}
\begin{algorithm}[Thu t ton Gauss-Seidel ]\hfill\par\begin{tabbing}1. \=Cho $k=1$ n s l n nh t c a cc vng l p\\\>2. Cho \=$i=1$ n $n$\\\>\>Set\begin{math}x_i^{(k)} =\frac{b_i-\sum_{j=1}^{i-1}a_{ij}x_j^{(k)}
-\sum_{j=i+1}^{n}a_{ij}x_j^{(k-1)}}%{a_{ii}}
\end{math}\\\>3. N u $\|\vec{x}^{(k)}-\vec{x}^{(k-1)}\| < \epsilon$,trong $\epsilon$ l gi i h n d ng xc nh, stop.\end{tabbing}\end{algorithm}
S cho ra output sau:
Gi i thu t 1 ( Gi i thu t Gauss-Seidel )
1. Chok = 1 n s l n nh t c a cc vng l p
2. Cho i = 1 nnSet x ( k )i =
b i P i 1
j =1a ij x
( k )j
P nj = i +1 a ij x( k 1)j
a ii
3. N u x ( k ) x (k 1) < , trong l gi i h n d ng xc nh, stop.
V d trn trong khng ng, cc thu t gi i c xu h ng hi n th ki u font ch th ng ng ch khch in nghing. Gi l nhasmthm m r ng ch c nng c a l nh\newtheorem v cung c p ba ki u nhl:
plain Tiu v s d ng in m, thn vn b n c in nghing (m c nh).definitionTiu v s d ng in m, thn vn b n d ng font thng th ng.remark Tiu v s d ng in nghing, thn vn b n d ng font thng th ng.
V v d trn c th chuy n qua:
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CHNG 6. NH D NG 31
danh sch c atype c th c t o ra b ng l nh sau:
\danh sch{ type }{ tiu } nh ngha
Do v y thay v nh ngha mi tr ngalgorithm dng\newtheorem , chng ta c th nh ngha n dng\newfloat nh d i y:
\floatstyle{ruled}\newfloat{algorithm}{htbp}{loa}\floatname{algorithm}{Thu t ton}
\begin{algorithm}\caption{ Thu t ton Gauss-Seidel }\label{alg:GS}
\begin{tabbing}1. \=Cho $k=1$ n cc vng l p l n nh t\\
\>2. Cho \=$i=1$ n $n$\\\>\>Set\begin{math}x_i^{(k)} =\frac{b_i-\sum_{j=1}^{i-1}a_{ij}x_j^{(k)}
-\sum_{j=i+1}^{n}a_{ij}x_j^{(k-1)}}{a_{ii}}\end{math}\\\>3. N u $\|\vec{x}^{(k)}-\vec{x}^{(k-1)}\| < \epsilon$,trong $\epsilon$ l gi i h n d ng xc nh, stop.\end{tabbing}\end{algorithm}
S cho ra output nh sau:
Thu t ton 1Thu t ton Gauss-Seidel
1. Chok = 1 n cc vng l p l n nh t2. Choi = 1 nn
Setx ( k )i =b i P i
1j =1
a ij x( k )j
P nj = i +1 a ij x( k 1)j
a ii
3. N ux (k ) x ( k 1) < , trong l gi i h n d ng xc nh, stop.
Dng sau y c th i sau cc hnh nh v cc b ng:
\listof{algorithm}{Danh sch cc thu t ton}
(B n c th downloadthesis8.tex lm m t v d .)
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Chng 7T o ch m c v danh sch cc thu t ng
Chng ta c th d dng t o m t Ch m c ho c b ng tra c u thu t ng (danh sch cc thu t ng ) bATEX vb ng chng trnh ng d ngmakeindex . M t t ng r t hay n u b n a danh sch cc thu t ng vo tronm t lu n n, c bi t l n u c cc cng th c ton h c trong ti li u c a b n, v cc k hi u c th
b ng nhi u cch khc nhau. V d ,x c th c ngha ldx
dt ho c n c th c ngha l m t gi tr c p nh t c ax , (ho c n c th l hon v c ax , nhng trong tr ng h p nyx nn c nh d ng nh m t vector). Khng cg khn ngoan gi s r ng ng i c dng k hi u nh b n. Do v y nn nh km m t b ng ch mm t lu n n, tuy nhin, the LATEX users guide[3] pht bi u r ng b t c ti khng h c u no di hn hai mtrang ph i c m t b ng ch m c. N u b n ch quan tm n vi c t o ra m t b ng danh sch cc thu tr ng b n v n cn mu n c cch lm th no t o m t b ng ch m c, danh sch cc thu t ng v chc d ng tng t sau:
7.1 T o ch m cN u b n mu n t o m t ch m c, b n s c n n l nh\makeindex trong ph n khai bo (preamble). L nh
\index{ entry (danh m c)} nh ngha
c dng l p b ng ch d nentry m t i m no trong ti li u. V d , o n m sau:
Cc vector ring\index{vector ring} c nh ngha \ldots
s cho ra output
Cc vector ring c nh ngha ...
v t danh m c vector ring trong file.idx file v i s trang lin k t.
Gi l nhmakeidx cung c p l nh\printindex m n c t trong ti li u ni m b n mu n in ra ch m cL nh\makeindex s lm cho m i l nh\index ghi m t thng tin xc th c ln file .idx . File ny s cx l b i chng trnhmakeindex t o ra m t file.ind ch a m t mi tr ngtheindex . Sau file ny c c b i l nh\printindex vo l n bin d ch ti li u t i. N u b n dngTeXnicCenter b n s c n ch nuses makeindex khi b n t o m t project m i, cn n u b n dng ch dng l nh b n c n lm nh
latex filename.texmakeindex filename.idxlatex filename.tex
(trong filename tn file c a ti li u b n ang so n, v dthesis ) N u b n cng ang dng BIBTEX, b nc n ti n hnh:
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CHNG 7. T O CH M C V DANH SCH CC THU T NG 33
latex filename.texbibtex filenamemakeindex filename.idxlatex filename.texlatex filename.tex
Th t l m t t ng hay t o cc sub-entries (danh m c con) trong b ng ch m c, nh m gip ngdng tra c u. V d , b n mu n l p danh m c thu t ng matrix (ma tr n), nhng ti li u c a b n l inhi u lo i ma tr n khc nhau nh, ma tr n cho, kh i v ma tr n c ng tuy n. Trong tr ng h p ny thl p danh m c t matrix lm t t ng qut, v c m t danh m c con cho cc lo i ma tr n ring bi t dom c cho t matrix c t o ra s nhn gi ng nh th ny.ma tr n, 4, 10, 2224
cho, 12kh i, 20, 24c ng tuy n, 33
M t danh m c con c th c t o ra dng k t! . Nn danh m c nu trn c t o ra dng cc l nh sau:Preamble (ph n khai bo u ti li u):\makeindexTrang 4: \index{ma tr n}Trang 10: \index{ma tr n}Trang 12: \index{ma tr n!cho}Trang 20: \index{ma tr n!kh i}Trang 22: \index{ma tr n}Trang 23: \index{ma tr n}Trang 24: \index{ma tr n}Trang 24: \index{ma tr n!kh i}Trang 33: \index{ma tr n!c ng tuy n}K t thc vn b n: \printindex
Ch r ng cng cc danh m c trn cc trang 22, 23 v 24 c chuy n thnh m t kho ng 2224. kho ng l n hn b n c th ch nh trang b t u c a kho ng b ng cch g n |( vo ch cu i c a dach m c, g n vo trang cu i c a kho ng trang b ng |) v i ph n cu i c a ch m c. V d :
Ph n khai bo: \makeindexTrang 4: \index{ma tr n}Trang 10: \index{ma tr n}Trang 12: \index{ma tr n!cho}Trang 20: \index{ma tr n!kh i}Trang 22: \index{ma tr n|(}Trang 24: \index{ma tr n!kh i}Trang 30: \index{ma tr n|)}Trang 33: \index{ma tr n!c ng tuy n}K t thc ti li u:\printindex
s cho ra trong output c a index nh sau:ma tr n, 4, 10, 2230
cho, 12kh i, 20, 24c ng tuy n, 33
M t danh sch ch m c c th truy v n n m t danh m c khc dng|see{ reference }. V d ,\index{Ma tr n c ng tuy n|xem{ma tr n, c ng tuy n}}
s t o ra danh m cma tr n c ng tuy n,xemma tr n, c ng tuy n
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CHNG 7. T O CH M C V DANH SCH CC THU T NG 36
\printglossary
\chapter{Gi i thi u}M t t p h p\glossary{t p h p: B su t p cc i t ng}th ng c bi u th trong m t font th php,v d $\mathcal{S}$.Ph n t c a t p h p\glossary{ph n t c a t p h p:S cc i t ng trong t p h p} c a $\mathcal{S}$ c k hi u l $|\mathcal{S}|$.T p h p h n t p\glossary{t p h p h n t p:Ch a m i th } th th ng c k hi u l $\mathcal{U}$\end{document}
File c amakeindex l style file,sample.ist , s gi ng nh th ny:t kha "\\glossaryentry"khai bo "\\begin{theglossary}\n"khai bo b tr "\\end{theglossary}\n"
Sau b n c n th c hi nlatex sample.tex % bin d ch file sample.texmakeindex -t sample.glg -o sample.gls -s sample.ist sample.glo% t o ch m c, b ng tra c u thu t ng theo cc l a ch n.latex sample.tex % bin d ch l i file sample.texTiu c a b ng tra c u thu t ng (tn m c nh l: Glossary) c th thay i b ng cch nh ngh\glossaryname . N u b n mu n b t c o n vn b n no xu t hi n u b ng tra c u thu t ng b n nh ngha l i l nh\glossaryintro . nh d ng c a argument cho l nh\glossary command th tng tnh v i\index , do b n c th dng@ ch cch s p x p danh m c, dng| ch nh lm cch no nh d ng s trang lin i v! dng xc nh cc danh m c con (m c d i u ny khng thch h p cho mb ng tra c u thu t ng ). N u b n g p r c r i, hy tham kh o m c7.1.1 tm bi n php tho g trn trang34.
B n cng c th download file sau:thesis9.texvthesisglo.ists minh h a cho v d ny.
7.2.2 Gi l nhglossaryGi l nhglossary cng nh ngha l nh\printglossary , nhng n nh ngha l i l nh\glossary b n c th tch tn c a danh m c v m t tng ng c a n, dng m t t p h p c at kha = c pgi tr . Nh ngkey sau y lun s n c:
tn Tn c a danh m cm t M t m t c a danh m cs p x p Lm sao s p x p danh m c. (Danh m c th ng c t tn theo m c nh) nh d ng Cch nh d ng s trang
V d ph n trn c th thay i thnh:
Khai bo :\makeglossary
Trang 2 : \glossary{tn = t p h p,m t = m t bsu t p cc i t ng}
Trang 3 : \glossary{tn = ph n t c a t p h p, m t = s i t ng trong m t t p h p}
Trang 4 : \glossary{tn = t p h p h n t p, m t =t p h p ch a m i th }
Gi l nhglossary t o style filemakeindex .ist style file ty bi n cho ti li u c a b n, nn b n khngc n lo l ng t o n n a. Theo m c nh tn c a file.ist s c cng tn g c v i tn ti li u c a b n, do n uti li u c a b n c tn lsample.tex th file ny s c tn lsample.ist tn ny s c t o ra khi b n bind ch file g csample.tex . Nh trn b n c n lm:latex sample.tex % bin d ch file sample.texmakeindex -t sample.glg -o sample.gls -s sample.ist sample.glo% t o ch m c, b ng tra c u thu t ng theo cc l a ch n.latex sample.tex % bin d ch l i file sample.tex
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CHNG 7. T O CH M C V DANH SCH CC THU T NG 37
B n c th dng Perl scriptmakeglos c cung c p trong version 2.0 c a gi l nhglossary :
latex sample.texmakeglos sample.glolatex sample.tex
Phong cch c a b ng tra c u thu t ng c th ty bi n. Nh trn tiu c a b ng tra c u cc thum c nh l Glossary) c th thay i b ng cch nh ngha l i l nh\glossaryname . Phong cch c a b ng trac u thu t ng c th thay i dng cc l a ch n c a gi l nh m cc l a ch n ny c d ngt kha =gi tr :
style Phong cch c a mi tr ngtheglossary . Cc gi tr :list dng mi tr ng m t trong b ng tra c u thu t ngsuper dng mi tr ng supertabular (b n l ng i s d ng TEX ch c b n bi t tabular ngha l g r i) trong
b ng tra c u thu t nglong dng mi tr ng b ng di trong b ng tra c u thu t ng (m c nh)
header header c a b ng tra c u thu t ng . Cc gi tr :
none b ng tra c u thu t ng khng c tiu trang (M c nh)plain b ng tra c u thu t ng c tiu trang
border ng vi n c a B ng tra c u thu t ng . Cc gi tr :
none B ng tra c u thu t ng khng c ng vi n (M c nh)plain ng vi n xung quanh c a B ng tra c u thu t ng
cols S c t. Cc gi tr :
2 Tn c a danh m c v ch gi i n m hai c t ring bi t, v i s trang lin i n m cng c t v i(M c nh).
3 Tn danh m c, ch gi i v cc trang lin i n m trong ba c t ring bi t.
number S trang lin i tng ng v i m i gi tr c a danh m c1. Cc gi tr :
page M i danh m c m t trang tng ng ni m danh m c c t. (M c nh)sectionM i danh m c c nh s m t m c tng ng ni m danh m c c nh ngha.none Cc con s tng ng c l c b t.
toc Bi n boolean2
true In B ng tra c u thu t ng vo m c l cfalse Khng in B ng tra c u thu t ng vo m c l c (m c nh)Ch r ng n u b n nh r l a ch n ny b n c n bin d ch l i ti li u thm hai l n n a sau khi
c u thu t ng .hyper Bi n boolean3
true T o cc s lin i v i m t lin k t siu vn b nfalse Khng t o cc s lin i v i m t lin k t siu vn b nN u gi l nhhyperref c t i tr c khi t i giglossary thhyper=true c t, n u khng ns c t m c nhhyper=false .
Cc l a ch nborder , header andcols khng nn dng trong vi c lin k t v istyle=list , chng ch cngha v i l a ch n ki u b ng. V d :\usepackage[style=long,cols=3,border=plain]{glossary}
1l a ch n ny ch c trong version 1.1 v cc version sau ny2l a ch n ny s n c trong version 2.0 v cc version sau ny3l a ch n ny s n c trong version 2.0511 v cc phin b n sau ny
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CHNG 7. T O CH M C V DANH SCH CC THU T NG 38
N u b n mu n chn thm thng tin u hay cu i b ng tra c u thu t ng b n c th nh ngha l\glossarypreamble v\glossarypostamble . B n cng c th nh ngha thm cc i t ng phongcch cho b ng tra c u thu t ng , nn b n s c thm l a ch n cho cch trnh by b ng tra c u thu t ngli u c a b n. V d , m t b ng tra c u c a m t s thu t ng v m t ch m c c a cc hm ton ho chi u. B n c th download version m i nh t c a gi l nhglossary t ihttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/packages/index.html#glossary .
Downloaddownloadthesis10.tex lm v d .
http://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/packages/index.html#glossaryhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/packages/index.html#glossaryhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/packages/index.html#glossaryhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/examples/thesis10.texhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/thesis/examples/thesis10.texhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/packages/index.html#glossaryhttp://theoval.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~nlct/latex/packages/index.html#glossary -
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Chng 8Nhi u float khng c x l
M t v n chung m cc nghin c u sinh th ng g p khi vi t lu n n l c bo l i Nhi u Float KhnL. L i ny pht sinh do c qu nhi u hnh nh v b ng trong Chng k t qu nghin c u v khndng ch c nh p vo xung quanh chng. N u i u ny x y ra th c m t s bi n php m b n c th
1. Ki m tra xem b n cha gi i h n chnh xc v tr m b n mu n t float. N u b n xc nh chth hy cho LATEX nhi u l a ch n n u c th . V d :
\begin{figure}[htbp]
i u ny c th xc nh r ng b n c th chn hnh nh vo t i i m b n ang lm vi c h=hetrn u trang t=top, pha d i c a trang b=bottom, ho c trn m t trang ch ch a hnh nh p=page
2. Hy c g ng tng s l ng vn b n trong m t chng. Nh r ng b n khng nn cho hi n th tnh v b ng bi u trong chng K t qu kh o st m khng tham v n v i ng i h ng d n.
3. N ut t c cc bi nphpmb n pd ngkhng thay i ctnh th , th c g ng dngl nh\clearpage .L nh ny bu c t t c cc float cha x l c th s c x l l i t c th i, v b t u m t trangcth lmtrangb ng t tng t, trnhi unyb ncth dnggil nhafterpage c aDavidCarlislev s d ng l nh:
\afterpage{\clearpage}
N u cn nh ng v ng m c cha gi i quy t c, tham kh o ph n FAQ trn TEX Archive[4].
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Ch m c
! , 33,34\+ , 27\- , 27\< , 27\= , 27\> , 27\@chapter , 8\@evenfoot , 10\@evenhead , 10\@makechapterhead , 8\@makeschapterhead , 8\@oddfoot , 10\@oddhead , 10\@schapter , 8\@startsection , 7, 8
\abstractname , 7\addcontentsline , 9algorithm mi tr ng,31\appendixname , 7
b ng tra c u thu t ng ,32\baselinestretch , 24\bibitem , 12\bibliography , 11, 15\bibliographystyle , 11\bibname , 7
cc gi l nh (.sty )afterpage , 39apalike , 16, 23asmthm, 29backref , 16
backrefx , 16doublespace , 24fancyhdr , 10float , 30gloss , 35glossary , 3538glosstex , 35graphicx , 6hyperref , 16, 37makeglos , 35makeidx , 32, 34, 35verbatim , 25
Cc l a ch n cho class fileoneside , 10twoside , 10
Ch m c,32
\Chng , 6\chapter , 8, 9\chaptername , 7\cite , 11, 12, 16class file (.cls )
article , 6cmpreprt , 7mythesis , 6report , 2, 6, 7, 9, 10slide , 6
\clearpage , 39\contentsname , 7
\danh m c thu t ng , 35\danh m c trong ch m c , 35\danh sch , 31
\endinput , 6
figure mi tr ng,30\figurename , 7\floatstyle , 30
\glossary , 35, 36\glossaryintro , 36\glossaryname , 36, 37\glossarypostamble , 38\glossarypreamble , 38
H2VN,b
\include , 4\includeonly , 4\index , 32, 3436\indexname , 7\itshape , 7
ki u i n tn cho ti li u tham kh on b n, 13
a ch , 13address , 13author , 13booktitle , 13ch gi i , 13ch thch , 13chng, 13chapter , 13edition , 13howpublished , 13institution , 13
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CH M C 42
journal , 13ki u , 13lo i , 13month , 13nm, 13ng i bin t p , 13ng i hi u nh , 13nh xu t b n , 13note , 13number , 13organization , 13pages , 13publisher , 13s ra , 13school , 13series , 13tc gi , 12, 13tm t t n i dung ti li u , 12
tn sch , 13tn t ch c , 13t p , 13t p ch , 13thng , 13th lo i , 13tiu , 12, 13tiu sch , 13title , 13tr ng , 13trang , 13trung tm nghin c u , 13type , 13volume , 13xu t b n th no , 13
ki u danh m c trong ti li u tham kh oarticle , 12, 13book , 12, 13booklet , 12, 13conference , 12inbook , 12, 13incollection , 12, 13inproceedings , 12, 13manual , 12, 13mastersthesis , 12, 13misc , 12, 13phdthesis , 12, 13proceedings , 12, 13techreport , 12, 13unpublished , 12, 13
\kill , 27
\listfigurename , 7\listtablename , 7\LoadClass , 6lof , 9lot , 9
\makeindex , 32, 34, 35makeindex , 32\maketitle , 24
\newcounter , 27\newfloat , 30, 31\newtheorem , 27, 29, 31\pagestyle , 10\paragraph , 8\part , 8\partname , 7phong cch ti li u tham kh o(.bst )
abbrv , 11, 17acm, 18alpha , 11, 19apalike , 16, 23ieeetr , 20plain , 11, 21unsrt , 11, 22vi t t t , 12
phong cch trangempty , 9headings , 9, 10myheadings , 9plain , 9thesis , 10
\printglossary , 35, 36\printindex , 32, 34, 35\ps@empty , 10\ps@plain , 10\ps@thesis , 10\secdef , 8secnumdepth , 8\section , 7\setcounter , 8, 9spacing mi tr ng,24\subsection , 7
\tn c a float , 30tabbing mi tr ng,27, 29table mi tr ng,30\tablename , 7thebibliography mi tr ng,11, 12, 16theglossary mi tr ng,35, 37theindex mi tr ng,32, 35\thispagestyle , 10titlepage mi tr ng,24toc , 9tocdepth , 9
\vec , 28vector ring,32verbatim mi tr ng,25\verbatiminput 25