tbl 7-3-2014
TRANSCRIPT
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PHARMACODYNAMICS
OF
ALCOHOL
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CVS
Small dose : Produce only cutaneous and
gastric vasodilation. Skin is warm and
flushed
Moderate dose : Cause tachycardia and a
mild rise in BP due to increased muscular
activity and sympathetic stimulation.
Large dose : Cause direct myocardial as
well as vasomotor centre depression and
there is fall in BP.
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Blood
Regular intake of small to moderate
amounts of alcohol has been found to
raise HDL-cholesterol level and decrease
LDL oxidation.
Mild anemia is common in chronic
alcoholics.
Megaloblastic anemia is due to
interference with folate metabolism
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Respiration
Alcohol is reputed as respiratory stimulant
in collapse.
Alcohol irritates buccal and pharyngeal
mucosa which may transiently stimulate
respiration reflexly.
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GIT
Dilute alcohol 10% is a strong stimulant of
gastric secretion. 20% inhibits gastric
secretion cause vomiting, mucosal
congestion and gastritis
Lower esophageal sphincter tone is
reduced
Acute pancreatitis
Bowel movement alteration
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Liver
It mobilizes peripheral fat and increases
fat synthesis in liver (Steatosis)
Proteins many also accumulate in liver
because their secretion is decreased.
Chronic alcoholism exposes liver to
oxidative stress and cause cellular
necrosis followed by fibrosis.
These combined with vitamin and other
nutritional deficiencies may be responsible
for alcoholic cirrhosis.
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Skeletal Muscle
It produces little direct effect.
Fatigue is allayed.
Weakness and myopathy occurs inchronic alcoholism.
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Kidney
Diuresis is often noticed after alcohol
intake.
It does not impair renal function.
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Sex
Is reputed as an aphrodisiac.
Chronic alcoholism can produce
impotence, testicular atrophy
gynaecomastia and infertility in both men
and women.
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Endocrine
Moderate amounts increase adrenaline
release which causes hyperglycemia.
Acute intoxication is often associated with
hypoglycemia and depletion of hepatic
glycogen, because gluconeogenesis is
inhibited.
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Uterus
Uterine contractions are suppressed at
moderate levels.
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The End
Itharshan (11952797)
Rommel (11952808)
Tarun (11952795) Amala (11952784)
Amy (11952783)
Farzia (11952741) Suman (11952768)