Module 5 Unit 1 Great scientists

Discovering useful structures

The Past Participle as the Attribute and Predicative

过去分词作定语、表语

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

• Tell the meanings and functions of past participles through reading and practice.

• Make simple sentences using past participles (as attribute and predicative).

Learning Objectives

How much do you know about John Snow and “King Cholera”?

Review&Lead in

• When did John Snow become inspired?

• Why did so many terrified people die every time there was an outbreak?

• What conclusion did John Snow tell the public with certainty?

How much do you know about John Snow and “King Cholera”?

Review&Lead in

• When did John Snow become inspired?

• He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.

• Why did so many terrified people die every time there was an outbreak?

• Because neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.

• What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public with certainty?

• He announced that polluted water carried the disease.

• He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.

• Because neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.

• He announced that polluted water carried the disease.

Any past participle?

• He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.

• Because neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.

• He announced that polluted water carried the disease.

Any past participle?

Which are past participles?

attend

built

had

studied

to do

waiting

Summary 1 总结一

过去分词用于以下三种情况• 1. 时态：和助动词一起构成完成时态。• 2. 语态：和 be 动词一起构成被动语态。• 3. 非谓语动词

Function?

• What’s the function of the underlined words?

1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. 2) John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street.

Past Participle used as attribute • He thought about helping ordinary people

exposed to cholera.

• He announced that polluted water carried the disease.

people who_________________. were exposed to cholera

water which__________. was polluted

Position?• Can you find out the position of “–ed”

used as attribute from these sentences?

• He thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.

• He announced that polluted water carried the disease.

• “-ed” can be used as ________ and be put ______ or ____ the noun that it modifies.

• 过去分词用作定语可以位于所修饰名词的前面或者后面。

attribute

Summary 2 总结二

before after

• _______________ is usually used before the noun it modifies.

• 单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。

• ___________ is usually used after the noun it modifies.

• 过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。

Single “-ed” word

tired/exhausted/excited boy a boy called Tom

Summary 2 总结二

“-ed” phrase

injure• 受伤的手指 • 在事故中受伤的手指 speak• 英语口语 • 一种被很多人使用的语言

write• 书面练习• 鲁迅写的一本书

injured fingers

a finger injured in the accident

spoken English

written exercisesa book written by Lu Xun

a language spoken by many people

Don’t drink polluted water.

This is a school built in 1980s.

别喝被污染了的水。

这是一所建于二十世纪八十年代的学校。

Complete the table with Complete the table with phrases that have the same phrases that have the same

meaning.meaning.terrified peopleterrified people people who are terrifiedpeople who are terrified

reserved seatsreserved seats seats which are reservedseats which are reserved

polluted waterpolluted water water that is pollutedwater that is polluted

a crowded rooma crowded room a room that is crowdeda room that is crowded

a pleased winnera pleased winner a winner who is pleaseda winner who is pleased

ATTRIBUTE CLAUSE

ATTRIBUTE CLAUSE

ATTRIBUTE CLAUSE

ATTRIBUTE CLAUSE

ATTRIBUTE CLAUSE

Function?

People are terrified.

Water is polluted.

A room is crowded.

A winner is pleased.

Position?

People are terrified.

Water is polluted.

A room is crowded.

A winner is pleased.

Past Participle used as predicative

• “-ed” can be used as ________ and be put ____ link verb.

predicative

Summary 3 总结三

after

There are two glasses which are . (break)

brokenThere are two broken glasses.

The person who feels (excite) is Liu Xiang.

excited

The excited person is Liu Xiang.

astonishedastonished children children children who children who look look astonishedastonished

a a brokenbroken vase vase a vase that a vase that is is brokenbroken

a a closedclosed door door a door that a door that is is closedclosed

a a trappedtrapped animal animal an animal that an animal that is is trappedtrapped

the the tiredtired audience audience the audience who the audience who feel feel tiredtired

Complete the table with Complete the table with phrases that have the phrases that have the

same meaning.same meaning.

惊恐的孩子们

打碎的花瓶

关了的门

被困住的动物

疲惫的观众

1. The painter looked so______ (tire) after working for a whole day.

2. I was_____________ (disappoint) with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.

3. Everybody is really _______(excite) about the new Olympic stadiums.

4. His wound became________ (infect) with a new virus.

tired

disappointed

excited

infected

Difference?

• The water is boiling.

• She is drinking boiled water.

时间？

Difference?

• The dog is barking.

• The dog is injured.

语态？

• 时间上？• 语态上？

Summary 4 总结四

时间上

现在分词 : 表示进行的动作

过去分词 : 表示完成的动作

语态上

现在分词 : 表示主动的动作过去分词 : 表示被动的动作

1. Falling leaves

2. Fallen leaves

3. Disappointing news

4. Disappointed people

5. Exciting story

6. Excited people

7. Tired people

8. Tiring film

1. 正在飘的落叶2. 已经落在地上的落叶3. 令人失望的消息4. 感到失望的人们5. 激动人心的故事6. （感到）激动的人们7. 累了的人8. （使人觉得）无聊的电

影

1. A. Nobody was in the story he told. B. The story he told was very . ( interested, interesting )2. A. Everybody was to hear the news. B. The news is very indeed. ( excited, exciting )3. A. The result of the test was rather . B. He was very at the result of the test. ( disappointed, disappointing )4. A. What he said was very . B. I was very at the sight. ( amused, amusing )

Fill in the blank with proper words.

interestedinteresting

excitedexciting

disappointing

disappointed

amusingamused

• ground cover fall

• build two years ago from…to

• Harry Potter J.K.Rowling write

• travel

• interest

• tired

As is known to us all, traveling is interesting , but we often feel tired when we are back from travels.

Summary

过去分词用于以下三种情况• 1. 时态：和助动词一起构成完成时态。• 2. 语态：和 be 动词一起构成被动语态。• 3. 用作非谓语动词时：可以作定，作

表 语……

过去分词作定语和表语的区别过去分词作定语和表语的区别 ::

定语　 放在定语　 放在名词和代词名词和代词的前面或后面的前面或后面 表示动作表示动作已经完成已经完成或或被动被动 ..

表语　 表语　 放在放在系动词系动词的后面的后面 说明主语的说明主语的状态状态或构成被动语态或构成被动语态

Summary

Brainstorming • A woman liked the water from the pump so

much that he had it delivered to her house every day.

• Who delivered the water? The woman herself or somebody else?

• What’s the function of “delivered”? Attribute or Predicative?

• What’s your translation of this sentence?

HOMEWORK

• Finish exercise 2 、 3 on page 5.

• Do some research on “have sth. done”