The Object Clause

宾语从句

I know the news.

I know that you are right.

宾语从句在句中充当 ___ 语，是一个 ___.

宾语从句的定义： 宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。 带有宾语从句的那个句子叫主句。 宾语从句一般由“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋ 其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。

宾 完整句子

简单句

复合句

做有关宾语从句的句子需要注意四个方面的问题：

1. 从句必须由引导词引导

2. 必须注意从句的人称（变化）

3. 必须注意从句的时态问题

4. 从句要用陈述句语序

一 . 宾语从句由引导词引导

1. 由 that 引导陈述句的宾语从句。

2. 由 if/whether 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句。

3. 由连接代词或连接副词 wh- 等引导特殊疑问句的宾语从句。

1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句 I know … Jack will take part in the sports meeting.

I know that Jack will take part in the sports meeting.I hope …You’ll have a good holiday.

I hope that you’ll have a good holiday.

提醒： that+ 陈述句——引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实 ,that 本身无词义 , 在从句中不作任何成分，在口语中可省略。

2. 由 if / whether 引导的宾语从句He asked me…

Are you a student?He asked me if / whether I was a student.

Could you tell me … Does Lucy come from America?Could you tell me if /whether Lucy comes from America?

提醒： if/whether 后跟一般疑问句——引导的宾语从句具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序；whether 可与 or not 搭配，但 if 不可。 if/whether 在从句中不能省略。

3. 由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句The child asked his father…When will the TV play begin?

The child asked his father when the TV play would begin.Don’t you know …Where do they decide to visit? Don’t you know where they decide to visit?

提醒： wh- 引导特殊疑问句—引导的宾语从句连接代词 / 副词在从句中不能省略，也不要重复使用连接词，问句语序要改为陈述句语序；特殊疑问句变宾语从句后 , 用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式。

二 . 宾语从句必须注意从句中人称的变化。He asked the boy …How often do you go to see your uncle?He asked the boy how often he went to see his uncle.

The man asked us …Can I take photos for you?The man asked us if he could take photos for us.

三 . 宾语从句的时态要注意以下三种情况1. 如果主句为一般现在时，则宾语从句要根据具体情况选择所需要的任何时态。He says…My uncle joined the party in 1996.

He says that his uncle joined the party in 1996.

My father told me…Your mother is cooking supper in the kitchen.

My father told me that my mother was cooking supper in the kitchen.

2. 如果主句为一般过去时，则宾语从句通常要用与过去有相关联系的某种时态。

The boy asked his brother …

Does light travel faster than sound?The boy asked his brother if light travels faster than sound.

The teacher told us…

The earth moves around the sun.The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象等，从句要用一般现在时。

四 . 宾语从句中的从句部分要注意使用陈述句语序

He wanted to know when he could get his ball back.

Could you tell me how old they are?

I am not sure whether Tony will come .

1. The writer said __________ he had a wonderful time there.2. They wondered __________ she was in New York.3. Nobody knows __________ he will come back to America next year or not. 4. Did you hear ________ she said?

that

if/whether

whether

what

Fill in the blanks

Exercises:

请按示例完成下列句子示例 : Who is that boy? (I want to know ...)

→ I want to know who that boy is.

1. The Green family are watching TV

(Tom thought...) →

Tom thought (that) the Green family

were watching TV

2. Is Mr Zhang at home or not?

(I asked ...) →

3. Why didn’t he come here?

(Can you tell me ...?) →

I asked whether Mr Zhang was

at home or not.

Can you tell me why he didn’t

come here?

The Object Clause 宾语从句引导

词

时态

语序 人称

1 that

2 if / whether

3 when, where, how, why 等疑问词。1 主句现在时 , 从句可用任何时态。2 主句过去时 , 从句要改用相对应的过去某种时态。

一般疑问句和特殊疑问句作从句的时候 , 都要变成陈述句语序 . 有时需要改变人称

但客观事实、真理仍用一般现在时； Could you tell me..? 只是委婉的“请求” ，并不表示过去时，所以其后的宾语从句可根据需要用任何时态。