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dxf]T;jsf] pkk|wfg tyf u[xdGqL afdb]j uf}tdn] pb\3f6g ug{] sfo{qmd 5 . dxf]T;j pb\3f6gk"j{ yf?, cjlwnufot cGo hfthfltsf]snf ;+:s[lt emlNsg] emf“sL h'n';;lxtsf] j[xt\ ¥ofnL lgsflng] ePsf] 5 . ljleGg :yfgaf6 ;d"x tyf ;+3;+:yfsf] ;xeflutfdf emf“sL lg:sg] / dxf]T;j:yndf k'u]/ ;efdf kl/0ft x'g] cfof]hs b]pv'/L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n]hgfPsf] 5 .

ndxLdf l;l6 xn lgdf{0f ug{, ahf/df l;l; Sofd/f h8fg ug{, ahf/ Joj:yfkg / z}lIfs sf]if :yfkgf ug{] p2]Zo /fv]/dxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . dxf]T;jdf :yfgLo s[lif pkhsf ;fdu|LnfO{ klxnf]k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 . dxf]T;jdf /flvPsf b'O{ ;o :6ndWo] jL; j6f :6n s[lif pkhsf ;fdu|L /fVg pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, kz' ;]jf sfof{nonufotsf ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+3;+:yfsf] ;dGjodf ls;fgx?nfO{ lgMz'Ns :6nsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf]5 .

dxf]T;jdf b'O{yl/sf s[lif :6n /flvg]dxf]T;j d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs Pj+ b]pv'/L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf zf]efs/l3ld/]n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ls;fgx?n] pTkfbg u/]sf] ;fdu|L k|bz{gL / laqmL ljt/0f u/L b'O{yl/ :6n /flvg] 5 . :6ndf a]df};dL t/sf/L pTkfbgsf] t/Lsf l;sfpg gd"gf 6g]nsf] klg Aoj:yf ul/Psf]5 . df5f kfngsf] gd"gf b]vfpg kf]v/Lsf]:yfkgf ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . …dxf]T;j s[lifpkh / ko{6gsf] ljsf;sf nflu ePsfn] xfdLn]:6ndf s[lif / ko{6g;“u hf]l8Psf :6nnfO{

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dxf]T;jsf] ;d'b\3f6g s;/L x'“b}5 <dxf]T;jsf] tof/L ;a} k"/f ePsf] 5 .

ca xfdL dxf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf s]lGb|t ePsf 5f} + . ;a} ;+3;+:yf, ;d"x, sfof{nonufot ;a}df pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g lgDtf] lbPsf 5f} + . cf–cfkm\gf]e]ife'iffdf ;lhP/ pb\3f6g sfo{qmdk"j{ x'g]emf“sL h'n';df ;xefuL x'g cfx\jfg u/]sf 5f} + . emf“sL h'n';kl5 dxf]T;jsf] ;d'b3f6g pkk|wfg tyf u[xdGqL afdb]j uf}tdn]ug{] sfo{qmd 5 . pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf

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hf]8 lbPsf 5f} +Ú– dxf]T;jsf] tof/L k"/f ePsf]hfgsf/L lbg laxLjf/ dxf]T;j:yndf ePsf]kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf l3ld/]n] eGg'eof]– …;a}sf];femf dxf]T;j ePsfn] oxf“ s[lif, ko{6g, :yfgLo snf ;+:s[ltsf] :6n /flvPsf] 5 .Ú

dxf]T;jdf /flvPsf :6n ck'u ePsf 5g\ . xf]6nsf :6nx? yk ul/Psf] jfl0fHo ;+3n] hgfPsf] 5 . dxf]T;j cjnf]sg ug{ cfpg] bz{sx?nfO{ dgf]/~hg k|bfg ug{ :yfgLo tyf /fli6«o:t/sf snfsf/x? dxf]T;j cjlwe/ :6]hdf b]lvg]5g\ . kljq tLy{:yn :ju{åf/L;lxt x]lnsK6/af6 b]pv'/L pkTosfsf] cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsg] 5 . tLg nfv bz{sn] cjnf]sg ug{], bz s/f]8sf]sf/f]jf/ x'g] / %) nfv art x'g] nIo /flvPsf] 5 . jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf zf]efs/l3ld/]sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf];xhLs/0f jfl0fHo ;+3sf ;lrj ls/0f zfxn]ug{'ePsf] lyof] . dxf]T;jsf] klxnf] lbg k|j]z lgMz'Ns 5 eg] bf];|f] lbgaf6 ljBfyL{x?sf]xsdf k|ltAolQm @% ?k}of“ / cGonfO{ #% ?k}of“ l6s6 z'Ns nfUg]5 .

dfcf]jfbL ;Dd]ngdf ;d"xut 5nkmn z'?

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;Dd]ngsf] bf];|f] lbg/fhgLlts tyf ;f+u7lgs k|ltj]bg / kf6L{sf] ljwfgdfly ;d"xut 5nkmn z'? ePsf] 5 .

;+of]hs g]qljqmd rGb …ljKnjÚn] k]z u/]sf] /fhgLlts / ltns kl/of/n] k]z u/]sf]ljwfgdfly 5nkmn hf/L /x]sf]5 . laxLjf/ laxfgaf6 z'? ePsf]aGb;q klxn] lhNnf k|ltlglwx?n]lhNnfsf] ;f+u7lgs cj:yfsf]af/]df hfgsf/L lbb} k|ltj]bgdfly cf–cfk\mgf] wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . pgLx?n] ;+of]hssf] k|ltj]bgdfly wf/0ff /fVb} kf6L{n] NofPsf]PsLs[t qmflGtsf] k|:tfjnfO{ ;dy{g ;d]t hgfPsf] kf6L{ k|jQmf v8\u ljZjsdf{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . hgjfbL k|lqmofcg';f/;a}sf] ;d"xut wf/0ff cfO/x]sf]pxf“n] atfpg'eof] .

;Dd]ngsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbg laxLjf/ ;f“em cfof]hgf ul/Psf] kqsf/ e]63f6 sfo{qmddf k|jQmf ljZjsdf{n]wf/0ff /fVg] k|ltlglwx?n] @! cf} + ztfAbLsf] ljZj qmflGtcg's"n ePsfn] qmflGtsf] ljsNk gePsf]atfPsf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

pxf“n] kf6L{n] cl3 ;f/]sf]PsLs[t qmflGtsf nflu kf6L{ sfo{stf{x? tof/ /x]sf]atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] a:t'tM qmflGtsf nflu ;docg's"n ePsf] ;d]t pNn]v ug'{eeof] . pxf“n] ca @)%@ ;fnsf] qmflGt ubf{ ;do k|lts"n /x]sf] t/clxn] kl/l:ylt cg's"n /x]sf]AofVof k|ltj]bgn] u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . g]kfndf ;'xfp“bf]g]kfnL e"ldnfO{ cfjZos PsLs[t qmflGtsf] sfo{lbzf kf6L{n] lng nfu]sf] klg pxf“n] atfpg'eof] .

;f] cj;/df k|jQmf ljZjsdf{n] @)^# otfsf]/fhgLlts ;+qmd0fsf] cGTo ePsf]eGb} ;j{xf/f / dWodju{x?sf]/fHo;Qfdf kx'“r k'¥ofpg gof“ qmflGtsf] z'?jft g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] ug] { atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] casf] qmflGtsf] g]t[Tj ug{] / ;Qfsf] g]t[Tj ug{] vfnsf]g]t[Tj cfpg] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . goF“ g]t[Tj rog ub} { ;Dd]ng ef]ln zlgjf/ ;lsg] 5 .

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3f]/fxL, @$ k'; . g]kfndf 8]/L pBf]udf s/La !% ca{ ?k}of“ nufgL ePsf] 5 .

tL pBf]uaf6 jflif{s !$ nfv d]l6«s 6g b"UwhGo kbfy{ pTkfbg eO/x]sf] g]kfn 8]/L Pzf]l;P;gsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf d]3/fh e08f/Ln]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/g]kfndf jflif{s s/La @) nfv d]l6«s 6g b"w vkt eO/x]sf] 5 . …jflif{s s/La ̂ nfv d]l6«s 6g b"UwhGo kbfy{ ef/taf6 cfoft eO/x]sf] 5Ú– pxf“n]eGg'eof]–…ef/taf6 b"w / kfp8/ b"w cfoft eO/x]sf] 5 .Ú g]kfne/ /x]sf b"w pBf]ux?df @) xhf/eGbf a9Ln]k|ToIf /f]huf/L kfPsf] e08f/Ln]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . g]kfndf rf/nfv %) xhf/ s[ifs 3/ kl/jf/b"w pTkfbg Joj;fodf ;+nUg /x]sf]Pzf]l;P;gn] hgfPsf] 5 . d'n'ssf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf b"w If]qsf] of]ubfg ( k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

g]kfndf xfn s/La &@ nfv ufO{ / %@ nfv e} +;L /x]sf] /fli6«o b"Uw ljsf; af]8{sf] tYof+sdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . s'n ufO{dWo] !# k|ltzt / s'n e} +;LdWo] @% k|ltzt b"w lbg]cj:yfdf /x]sf] af]8{n] hgfPsf] 5 . g]kfndf Ps xhf/ cf7 ;o &% j6f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? /x]sf 5g\ . b"wdf

g]kfnnfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg slDtdf $) xhf/ ufO{÷e} +;L kfNg'kg] { e08f/Ln]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . To;af6 !# xhf/kl/jf/nfO{ /f]huf/L l;h{gf ug{ ;lsg] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . …o;af6 s"n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ! bzdnj % k|ltzt a[l4 x'g]5Ú– e08f/Ln]eGg'eof]– …o; If]qdf nufgL a9fpg]xf] eg] jiff} {+b]lv eO/x]sf] caf} +{ k"“hL knfog /f]Sg ;lsG5 .Ú @)%% ;fndf Pzf]l;P;gsf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . g]kfndf @)@^ ;fnb]lv b"Uw Joj;fo cfw'lgsLs/0ftkm{ pGd'v ePsf]e08f/Lsf] egfO 5 . 8]/L pBf]udf /fHon] ;d]t nufgL u/]sf] 5 .

;/sf/n] pBf]udf k|of]u x'g]ljB't dx;'ndf %) k|ltzt ;x'lnot lbg'kg] { e08f/Ln] atfpg'eof] .

…b"wh:tf] cTofjzsLo If]qdf /fHon];'ljwf lbg'k5{Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …8]/L pBf]u :yfkgf x'“bf Joj;foLnfO{ dfq xf]Og /fHonfO{ klg kmfObf x'G5 .Ú

o;}aLr Pzf]l;P;gsf] !^ cf} + ;fwf/0f;ef tyf 5}7f} + /fli6«o dxflwj]zg bfªdf x'g] ePsf] 5 . k'; @% ut]b]lv z'? x'g] ;fwf/0f;efsf]ljifodf hfgsf/L lbg cfof]hsn]laxLjf/ 3f]/fxLdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/]sf] 5 . kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf g]kfndf 8]/L Joj;fosf] cj:yf, ;d:of, ;Defjgfnufotsf ljifodf hfgsf/L lbPsf] lyof] . Pzf]l;Pgsf cWoIf d]3/fh e08f/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf] ;~rfng dxf;lrj k|Nxfb bfxfnn] ug'{ePsf]lyof] .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

sf7df8f} +, @$ k'; . ;+ljwfgsf d'Vo ljjflbt ljifonfO{ zt{;lxt ;+j}wflgs–/fhgLlts ;Djfb tyf ;xdlt ;ldltdf k'gM k7fpg]af/]df k|d'v tLg bn ;xdt ePsf 5g\ .

ljjflbt ljifodf s;/L cl3 a9\g] eGg];DaGwdf laxLjf/ k|wfgdGqL lgjf; afn'jf6f/df ePsf] k|d'v bnx¿ g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf Pdfn] /PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] a}7sn] ;xdlt geP k|lqmofdf hfg] s'/fnfO{ ;'lglZrt u/]/ ;Djfb ;ldltdf ljjflbt cGtj{:t'nfO{ k'gM n}hfg ;lsg]lgisif{ lgsfn]sf 5g\ .

;efd'v;“u ;Nnfx u/]/ ljjflbt ljifodf ;xdlt ug{ s]xL lbg k'gM ;Djfb ;ldltdf k7fpg ;lsg] t/ Toxf“ -;Djfb ;ldltdf_ klg ;xdlt geP ;+ljwfg;ef lgodfjnLcg';f/sf] k|lqmofdf hfgsf nflu ;'lglZrt x'g'kg{] Pdfn]sf jl/i7 g]tf emngfy vgfnn] atfpg'eof] .

bnx¿ ;xdltsf nflu nlrnf] eP/ clGtd k|of; ul//x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fp“b} jl/i7 g]tf vgfnn] ;xdlt ePg eg] k|lqmofdf hfg'sf]s'g} ljsNk 5}g eGg'eof] . ca s;/L k|lqmofdf hfg'x'G5 eGg] lh1f;fdf g]tf vgfnn] lgodfjnLn]Joj:yf u/]sf] k|fjwfgnfO{ 5f]6\ofP/ cl3 a9\g

;lsg] wf/0ff /fVg'eof] . a}7sdf dw]zL df]rf{sf g]tfx¿ ;xefuL

gePsfn] pgLx¿;“u klg 5nkmn u/]/ k|d'v bnsf zLif{ g]tfx¿n] ;efd'vnfO{ e]6]/ s;/L cl3 a9fpg] eGg] ;DaGwdf k/fdz{ ug{] ;xdlt ePsf] g]tfx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .

;+ljwfgsf ljjflbt cGtj{:t'nfO{ ;Djfb ;ldltdf k7fpg] ;DaGwdf Pdfcf]jfbLsf g]tf 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] To; ljifodf cfkm" ;sf/fTds /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …ljjflbt ljifodf 5nkmn tyf ;xdlt ug{ ;Djfb ;ldlt ;+ljwfg;efsf] Psdfq cflwsfl/s ynf] xf] /;+ljwfg;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug{] #! bnsf k|d'v g]tfx¿ ;b:o /x]sf] o; ;ldltdf pxf“x¿n];xdlt gug{] eP cGtj{:t'nfO{ k7fP/ dfq s]xL x'“b}g .Ú

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf dxfdGqL s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nfn] ;+ljwfgsf d'Vo ljjflbt cGtj{:t'df bnx¿aLr ;xdlt gePkl5 ca ;+ljwfg;ef lgodfjnLcg';f/ k|lqmofdf hfgsf nflu ;efWoIf ;'jf; g]Djfª;“u 5nkmn u/L cl3 a9\g] 5nkmn ePsf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;+ljwfgsf d'Vo ljjflbt ljifo /fHosf] k'gM;+/rgf, zf;sLo :j¿k, lgjf{rg k|0ffnL / Gofo k|0ffnLsf ljifodf /fhgLlts bnx¿ b'O{ w|'jdf ljeflht ePsf 5g\ .

a}7sdf ;a} bnsf zLif{ g]tf;lxt bf];|f] txsf g]tfx¿ pkl:yt x'g'x'GYof] .;Djfb ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdflysf] 5nkmn ;lsof]

;+ljwfg;efsf] laxLjf/sf] a}7sdf ;+j}wflgs–/fhgLlts ;Djfb tyf ;xdlt ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdflysf] 5nkmn ;lsPsf] 5 .

;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdfly af]Nb} g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;ef;b uug yfkfn] ;+ljwfg n]vgsf]sfd 5f]8]/ cfGbf]ng ug] { wDsL glbg Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL / dw]zL df]rf{nfO{ r]tfjgL lbg'eof] . g]skf Pdfn]sf ;ef;b\ k|]daxfb'/ cfn] du/n]Pdfcf]jfbLnufotsf ljkIfL bnn] ;+ljwfg agfpg]sfdnfO{ 5f8]/ cfGbf]ngdf pqg' c;fGble{s ePsf] atfpg'eof] .

Pdfcf]jfbLsf k|d'v ;r]ts lul//fhdl0f kf]v/]nn] ;xdlt geP b]z d'7e]8df hfg]atfpg'eof] . ;f] ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdfly ut d+l;/@( b]lv ;ef;b\n] af]Ng] qmd k|f/De ePsf] lyof] . k|d'v bnaLr ;xdltsf] k|of; hf/L /x]sfn] ;f]k|ltj]bgdflysf] 5nkmn nlDaPsf] xf] . /fHo k'gM;+/rgf, zf;sLo :j?k, Gofo k|0ffnL, lgjf{rg k|0ffnLdfly ;xdlt gePkl5 ;ldltn] lgisif{lagf g} k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf] lyof] .

ljjflbt ljifo k'gM ;Djfb ;ldltdf

8]/L pBf]udf !% ca{ nufgL

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @$ k'; . lghL ljBfnosf ;~rfnsx?n] cfk"mx?dflysf] e]b\efj cGTo ug{ ;/sf/;“u dfu u/]sf 5g\ . lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno cu{gfOh]zg KofJ;gsf] /ht dxf]T;jsf cj;/df bfªsf] 3f]/fxLdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf af]Nb} pgLx?n];/sf/n] cfk"mx?nfO{ ;f}t]nf] Jojxf/bf]xf]¥ofO/x]sf] u'gf;f] u/] .

…lghL ljBfnos} sf/0f g]kfnsf]z}lIfs u'0f:t/ ;'xfp“bf] eof] t/ Tof]e"ldsf lgjf{x ug] { lghL ljBfno ;w} +

x]kfOdf k/]sf 5g\Ú sfo{qmdsL k|d'v cltly Pj+ KofJ;gsL s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf lbkLsf yfkfn] eGg'eof]– …/fHon]lghL ljBfnosf] of]ubfgsf] d"Nof+sg ug'{k5{ .Ú g]kfnsf] z}lIfs cj:yf ;'wf/df lghL ljBfnox?n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] ] bfjL ub} { pxf“n]e]b\efjk"0f{ Joxf/ /f]Sg ;/sf/nfO{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . x“'bfx'“bf b}jL k|sf]k /fxtdf klg /fHon] e]befj u/]sf]yfkfsf] u'gf;f] lyof] . …;/sf/L ljBfnosf af9LkLl8t ljBfyL{x?nfO{ /fHon] /fxt lbbf lghL ljBfnodf cWoog ug] { af9LkLl8t ljBfyL{x?n]

kfpg ;s]gg\Ú– yfkfn] eGg'eof]– …o:tf] tNnf]:t/sf] e]befjn]cfk"mx?nfO{ b'lvt agfPsf] 5 .Ú

pxf“n] lghL ljBfnonfO{ lbOg]5fqa[lQ /f]s]/ ;/sf/n] ;f}t]nf]Jojxf/ u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . …lghL ljBfnonfO{ 5fqj[lQ /f]Sb}df ;/sf/L ljBfnosf] u'0f:t/ ;'lw|b}gÚ– yfkfn]eGg'eof]– …5fqj[lQ kfpg ;/sf/Ld}k9\g'kg] { gLlt tTsfn kl/jt{g ug'{k5{ .Ú pxf“n] z}lIfs ;'wf/sf nflu eGb} ;/sf/n] ;]G6ck k/LIff /f]Sg' unt eGb} P;Pn;L u|]l8ª

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l8nfO6 sg{/ lb km]ldnL /]i6'/]06 k|f=ln= t'n;Lk'/sf] ;fy;fy} ca tkfOFs} zx/ 3f]/fxLdf klg /x]sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ .

t'n;Lk'/ kmf]g M)*@–%@!()!3f]/fxL kmf]g M )*@–%^!#(@

xf]d 8]lne/Lsf] ;'ljwf;lxt zfGt tyf :jR5 jftfj/0fdf :jflbi6 kl/sf/sf] ;fydf ljz'4 kfl/jfl/s /]i6'/]G6

k\mn]S; lk|G6sf] nflu kfNg'xf];\

xfdLsxfF xf]l8{ª af]8{, ;fOg af]8{, k\mn]S; af]8{ / km\n]S; l8hfOg klg ul/G5 . ;fy} l8lh6n dl;gåf/f /fd|f] l8hfOgdf tTsfn tof/ ul/G5 .

;Dks{ M (*$&*@^@%*

cf/=s]= u|flkms ;f]n';g/fhdfu{ rf}s ndxL b]pv'/L, bfª

cfjZostflhNnf lzIff sfof{no bfªsf] ldlt @)&!.)(.!^ sf] kq / ldlt

@)&!.)(.@# ut]sf] lj=Jo=;=sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ o; ljBfnosf] l/Qm lg=df=lj= /fxt t[tLo ul0ft ljifosf] lzIfs kbdf tkl;nsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf] JolQmx?af6 cfj]bg lbg of] lj1fkg k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . kb M lzIfs tx M lg=df=lj= ul0ft -/fxt_;+Vof M ! -Ps_ hgf z}lIfs of]Uotf M cfO=P8= ul0ftpd]/ M !* jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{;Dd cWofkg cg'dltkq M lg=df=lj= tna M g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] b/vf:t cfOk'Ug] ldlt M @)&!.)(.#) ;Ddlgj]bg b:t'/ M ?= @))).– -b'O{ xhf/_ ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&!.)(.#) ut] $ ah]k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx? M z}lIfs of]Uotfsf k|df0fkq, lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq, cWofkg cg'dlt kq, g]kfnL gful/stfx?sf] Ps–Ps yfg k|ltlnlkx?

k|wfgfWofks>L lgDg dfWolds ljBfno

nIdLk'/–&, ;'gk'/, bfª ;Dks{ M (*%&*#$)&$, (*$&*!*)*#

cfjZostflhNnf lzIff sfof{no bfªsf] ldlt @)&!.)(.@$ ut] r=g+= !&!*

sf] cg'dlt kqfg';f/ o; >L dx]Gb| lg=df=lj= bnlhtk'/ wgf{–$ bfªsf] lg=df=lj= txsf] l/Qm b/aGbLdf g]kfnL ljifosf nflu s/f/ of]Uotfqmdsf] ;"rLdf /x]sf JolQmx?n] & -;ft_ lbgleq cfj]bg lbg kfpg]u/L b/vf:t cfx\jfg ug{ cfhsf] ldltdf lj1fkg k|sflzt ul/Psf] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}df hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . tkl;n/f]n g+= gfd, y/%*@)!))))$% lvdaxfb'/ jnL%*@)!)))#( /ljnfn dfemL@*@)!)))%! /fd/fh kf]v|]n;Dks{ g+= M (*$&*%&)&*

k|wfgfWofkslgDg dfWolds ljBfno bnlhtk'/

wgf{–$, bfªb'aO{, ;fpbL, stf/, dn]lzof, s'j]tsf] nflu g]kfnL sfdbf/sf] dfu eO{ cfPsf]n] ljut !) jif{b]lv k7fpF“b} cfPsf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpF“b5f}+ . OR5's JolQmn] !) k|lt kmf]6f];lxt t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .

lk|m le;f lk|m l6s6;lxt j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu ;'j0f{ cj;/

b]z sDkgL sfdbf/sf] kb ;+Vof ;do dfl;s tna vfg÷a:g ;fpbL dx/f OG8f]/ lSng/ @)) * 3= @*,))).– 5}g÷5b'aO{ Oldl/cn Pc/kf]6{ lSng/ s]6f÷s]6L @)) * 3= #),))).– 5}g÷5stf/ zf]lnb x]Nk/ @)) * 3= @*,))).– 5}g÷5b'aO{ Adnoc Petrol Pump x]Nk/ @)) * 3= #$,))).– 5}g÷5;fpbL NCC :sfkmkmf]N8/ !@) * 3= #$,))).– 5}g÷5;fpbL g]:df lk|m le;f x]Nk/ %)) * 3= *)) l/cn 5÷5gf]6 M lk| cGtjf{tf{ eO/x]sf] 5 . kmfOgn cGtjf{tf{ k'; @& ut] lSng/sf] / k]6«f]n kDksf] k'; #) ut] x'g]5 ;fy} k]6«f]n kDksf] nflu P;=Pn=;L= kf; u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 . d]l8snsf] / 6«]lgªsf] nflu sf7df8f}+ hfg} gkg]{ .

;Dks{ M s~rg x\o'dg l/;f];{ d]g kfj/Go"/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª ;Dks{ M )*@–%^#%#* l;wf ;Dks{ M (*%!)^)%!^, (*)^@*$)!@, (*%&*#$!@$, (*)(*)!((), clkm; cl;:6]G6 M lx/f a'9f (*)^@*$)^*, clgtf rf}w/L

(*$&(!$##$, gf/fo0fk'/ l9sk'/sf] nflu M sfzL/fd s]=;L= (*!)*!&))!, lahf}/Lsf] nflu ;]a]Gb| k'g (*%&*#$)@#, ;Nofgsf] nflu n'df a:g]t (*!^#^$!$), ?s'dsf] nflu M t]h]

Gb| a'9f (*%&*#$!@$, ndxLsf] nflu M yDdg (*)(*!^%$(

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;Dks{ M lb l/e/ cf]e/l;h zfvf sfof{nozxLbrf] s 3f] / fxL, bfª kmf] g )*@–%^@%*^, rGb| hLPd -/ f] Nkf_ (*%&*#!*(!, cd/ / fgf–(*$&*$%%%& -lahf} / L_, ljgf] b v8\sf (*$&*)&#*& -t'n;Lk'/ _, lzv/ la=s= (*^*^@!*)$ -?s'd÷;Nofg_, sdn a'9f (*^^(#)@)) -/f]Nkf, Ko'7fg_

g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotf k|fKt -nfO;]G; g+= !#*÷)%%÷)%^_ o; cf]el;{hdf pNn]lvt b]zx?af6 lgDg sfdbf/x?sf] dfu eO cfPsf] x'Fbf hfg rfxg] JolQmn] jl/hgn /fxbfgL;lxt t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu ;'j0f{ cj;/

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;Dks{ M nSsL cf]e/l;h k|f=ln=;8s ljefu u]6sf]] 7Ls cufl8, bfª, l;wf ;Dks{ M )*@–%^#!$&

;fu/ kf]v|]n–(*$&*$^%#!, uf]kfn e08f/L–(*$&*@%$(!, gf/fo0f hL=Pd=–(*^*^!%((*, zf]ef/fd /f]sf–(*)^@!^*$),

/f]Nkfsf] nflu h'4axfb'/ 3tL{– (*$&(&^!&^

gf]6 M xfdL sxf“ b'aO{sf] KFC / Security Guard ;fy} ;fpbLsf] ax'rlr{t cnd/fO sDkgLaf6 Salse man / General worker sf] ef/L dfu eO cfPsf] x'“bf t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .

xfdLsxfF ljleGg b]zaf6 sfdbf/x?sf] dfu eO cfPsf] x'Fbf hfg rfxg] JolQmn] jl/hgn /fxbfgL;lxt t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu ;'j0f{ cj;/

b] z sDkgL sfdbf/sf] kb ;+Vof ;do tna vfg÷a:g cGtjf{tf{dn] lzof Hock joo industry trading hg/n js{/ @) * 306f #&,%)).– 5} g÷5 –dn] lzof Swack Security ;]So'l/6L uf8{ %) !@ 306f #(,%)).– 5} g÷5 –;fpbL Team time Resturent Team member %) ( 306f @&,))).– 5÷5 –dn]lzof Biscuit Favctory Factory Worker %) !! 306f $@,))).– 5}g÷5 –;fpbL Cable Connecting Wll Cable Helper @) !@ 306f $),%)).– 5÷5 –;fpbL Yammami Com. City Cleaner %) * 306f @$,#)).– 5÷5 –

;Dks{ M df]le/f Pr=cf/= ;le{;] h k|f=ln=jLkL rf]s 3f]/fxL, bfª sfof{no kmf] g )*@–%^@%$#

l;wf ;Dks{ M k"0f{ / f] sf du/ – (*$&(%*(&^, v8\u 8f“uL (*)^@&&%*&, lbg] z l5gfn (*%&*$))#), /ljg ;] jf (*$&(^))^), a;Gt of]uL–(*$&*$%%^!,

ch'{g s]=;L=– (*$&*)@#%%

cGo l8df08sf] nflu sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg'xf] ;\ .

sf7 lnnfd laqmL ;DaGwL ;"rgf †o; sfof{nosf] sfo{If]q cGtu{t Onfsf jg sfof{nox?sf]

gfdaf6 o; sfof{nodf bfo/ ePsf n6 g+= !.)&)÷&! d'=g+= &!.!!, n6 g+= @.)&!÷&@ d'=g+= * / n6 g+= #.)&!÷&@ d'=g+= !! sf] d'2fx?df a/fdb ePsf] sf7 lznaGbL af]nkq÷b/efpkq k|lqmofåf/f ;f] sf7 h] h:tf] cj:yfdf 5, ;f]xL cj:yfdf cfk\mg} vr{df p7fO{ n}hfg'kg]{ u/L lnnfd laqmL ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . lgodfg';f/ jg k}bfjf/sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ p2]Zon] btf{ eO{ /Ltk"j{ssf] :yfoL n]vf gDa/ jf cfos/ btf{ / Eof6 btf{sf] k|df0fkq k|fKt OR5's sfi7 Joj;foL, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+3;+:yfn] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] @! cf}+ lbg sfof{no ;doleq >L jg ljefu aa/dxn sf7df8f}+ jf >L d=k= If]qLo jg lgb]{zgfno ;'v]{t jf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no bfª jf sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no bfª jf lhNnf jg sfof{no bfªaf6 k|To]s n6sf] 5'§f5'§} af]nkq v/Lb u/L @@ cf}+ lbg jf ;f] lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf eP sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg lbgsf] @M)) ah]leq lznaGbL af]nkq bflvnf ug{ cfx\jfg ul/G5 . o;;DaGwL la:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu o; sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg ;lsg]5 .

lhNnf jg clws[t

lhNnf jg sfof{no, bfªcfjZostf

b'O{ bzs cufl8b]lv aLdfIf]qdf cu|0fL ;]jf k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf] g]zgn nfOkm OG:of]/]G; sDkgL ln=sf] nflu lgDglnlvt of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's pDd]bjf/sf] cfjZostf k/]sf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq cfk\mgf] k"0f{ JolQmut ljj/0f -afof]8f6f_;lxtsf] lgj]bgsf nflu cfx\jfg ul/Psf] 5 . kb M 6«]gL ;xfos ;]jf M s/f/ sfo{If]q M bfªz}lIfs of]Uotf M k|df0fkq tx jf ;f] ;/xsDKo'6/ M sDKo'6/df bIf, g]kfnL / c+u|]hL 6fOlkª clgjfo{cg'ej M hLjg aLdf;DaGwL cg'ejL Pj+ :yfgLo JolQmnfO{ ljz]if u|fx\otf lbOg]5 .tna eQf tyf cGo ;'ljwfx? M sDkgLsf] lgodfg';f/ x'g] .k'gZrM lgj]bgdf ;Dks{ kmf]g g+= / kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] clgjfo{ /fVg cg'/f]w ul/G5 . kg{ cfPsf lgj]bgx?dWo] pko'Qm 5gf]6 ul/Psf cfj]bsx?nfO{ dfq cGtjf{tf{sf nflu af]nfOg]5 .

g]zgn nfOkm OG:of]/]G; sDkgL ln=3f]/fxL, bfª, kmf]g g+= )*@–%^)%*!

lgdGq0ffkjggu/ /]8qm; pkzfvf bfªsf] ldlt @)&! sflt{s @$

ut]sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ;fwf/0f;ef lgDg ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf x'g] ePsf]n] ;Dk"0f{ cltlyHo"x?, cfdlGqt, kfx'gf, cfhLjg ;b:o, ;+3;+:yf / /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ lr7L k7fO;s]sf] 5 . gkfPsf] eP o;} ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;fwf/0f;efdf kfNg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

clDasf s]=;L= -;efklt_kjggu/ /]8qm; pkvfzf, bfª

ldlt M @)&! kf}if @^ ut] zlgjf/;do M lbgsf] !!M)) ah]:yfg M zflGtgu/ uf=lj=;=–! lx/fk'/, bfª

;"rgf † ;"rgf †† ;"rgf †††o; lqk'/ gu/kflnsfsf] k|yd gu/kl/ifb\ lgDg ldlt,

;do / :yfgdf x'g] ePsf] x'Fbf ;Dk"0f{ lqk'/ gu/jf;Lx?nfO{ pkl:yltsf nflu cfdGq0f ul/G5 .

sfo{sf/L clws[tlqk'/ gu/kflnsf sfof{no, bfª

ldlt M @)&! kf}if @& ut] ;do M laxfg !!M)) ah]:yfg M lqk'/ g=kf=sf] sfof{no k|fª\u0f

q uf]kfn zdf{ e§/fO{

t'n;Lk'/, @$ k'; . g]kfndf ag]sf] jg gLltn] jg ;Dkbfx? k|of]u ug{ glbbf jflif{s c/af+} d"Nosf] sf7 ljb]zaf6 cfoft x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ;f]xL cg';f/ o; jif{ klg ljb]zaf6 g]kfndf ^) nfv So"lkm6 sf7 cfoft x'gnfu]sf] ljZj ;fd'bflos jg ;~hfnsf cWoIf 3gZofd kf08]n] atfpg'ePsf]5 .

pxf‘“n] g]kfn jg / jg ;Dkbfdf ljZjs} wgL b]z x“'bf klg ;/sf/sf]jg P]g / gLlt bf]xf]/f] k|s[ltsf] x'“bf jflif{s c/af+} ?k}of“ a/fa/sf] nfvf+}So"lkm6 sf7 ljb]zaf6 cfoft x'g] u/]sf]atfpg'eof] . …ljutsf jif{x?df s]xL sd sf7 cfoft eP klg o; jif{ ^) nfv So"lkm6 sf7 g]kfn NofO‘b}5Ú– cWoIf kf08]n] eGg'eof]– …o;sf] sf/0f g]kfndf /x]sf] jg ;DkbfnfO{ ;xh?kdf k|of]u / Joj:yfkg gx'g' xf] .Ú o;sf]afws clxn] jg gLlt ePsf] eGb}pxf“n] pkef]Qmfx?n] jg;Dkbf k|of]u ug{ kfpg'kg{] gLlt cfjZos /x]sf]atfpg'eof] . kf08]n] eGg'eof]– …o;sf sf/0f g]kfnaf6 jflif{s c/af+} ?k}of“ ljb]lzg] u/]sf] 5 . t/ g]kfnsf] jg ;Dkbf s'lxP/ hfG5 k|of]u ug{ kfp“b}gf} + . t/ xfdL jflif{s c/af+}sf] sf7 aflx/-ljb]z_ af6 Nofp“5f} + .Ú

;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3 bfªsf] cfof]hgf tyf o'P;PcfO8Lsf];xof]udf ePsf] jg gLlt ljifos If]qLo uf]i7LnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{} cWoIf kf08]n]o:tf] atfpg'ePsf] xf] . k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgn] wgL b]zdf of] ;d:of cfpg' plrt gePsf] eGb} pkef]Qmfx?n] cfkm"n];+/If0f u/]sf] ;Dkbfsf] k|of]u ug{ kfpg'kg{] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] g]kfndf jflif{s jgaf6 *) nfv So"lkm6 sf7 pTkfbg x'g] \atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] Tof] sf7 dfq} k|of]u ug{ ;s] g]kfnsf] c/af+} ?k}of“ sf7s} nflu aflx/ guP/ b]zd} /xg]

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d;fg3f6} dfl;g nfu]kl5 zflGtgu/ 6f]n ljsf; ;+:yfn]zjbfxu[x agfpg] of]hgf u/]sf] a'9fyf]sLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . cfly{s ;|f]t h'6fpg g;s]/ s]xL ;do sfd rfn' ug{ g;Sbf ;'s'Daf;Lsf]sAhfdf k¥of] . clxn] af“sL /x]sf] s/La 8]9 ljufx If]qdf zjbfx:yn lgdf{0f yflnPsf] 5 . …P]nfgL ;DklQ hf]ufpg g;lsg]eof] . s'ddf ;a af]s]/tn dfly ubf{ d[To'sf]zf]s eGbf hnfpg] 7fp“ gkfp“bfsf] kL8f w]/ } x'g nfUof]Ú– sf]iffWoIf g/]Gb|axfb'//f]sfn] eGg'eof]– …d]/f] 7fp“ xf], ghnfp eGg]x?n] zf]nf rf“Rb} u/]sf] bfp/f;d]t p7fpg afWo kf/] .Ú

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o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @$ k'; . cg]/f:jljo' 5}7f+}n] ;~rfng u/]sf] nfu"cf}ifw b'Ao{;gla?4 ;r]tgf cleofg tyf lhNnf ;ldlt bfªsf] cfufdL df3 # ut] 3f]/fxLdf x'g] lhNnf e]nfsf] tof/L cGtu{t a'wjf/clvn 5}7f} + /fKtL aaO{ SofDk; t'n;Lk'/df b'Ao;{gla?4 ;r]tgf cleofg tyf OsfO{ e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

OsfO{ cWoIf z/b zdf{sf]cWoIftfdf ePsf] e]nfdf k|d'v cltly cg]/F:jljo' 5}7f} +sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o tyf /fKtL n'lDagL If]qLo O~rfh{ /]zd s8]nn] ljs[t aGb}uO/x]sf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;Eo / ;fy{s laGb'df k'¥ofpg /fKtL aaO{ SofDk;sf] OsfO{ ;ldlt ;kmn x'g] atfpg'eof] .

o'jfx? slxNo} d'Qm x'g g;Sg] u/L nfu" cf}ifwsf]s'ntdf km:b} uO/x]sf]df lrGtf AoQm ub} { pxf“n]o'jfx?nfO{ s'ntaf6 d'Qm ug{ ;/sf/, ;~rf/sdL{ tyf ;Dk"0f{ ;r]t gful/sx? ;lqmotfk"j{s nfUg'kg] {df hf]8 lbg'eof] . km/s k|;+udf s“8]nn] Dff3 * df ;+ljwfg

hf/L x'g] s'/fdf cfz+sf AoQm ub} { k|lqmofdf hfg] lxDdt bnx?n] u/] ;+ljwfg cfpg]lemgf] ;Defjgf af“sL /x]sf]atfpg'eof] .

sfo{qmddf clvn 5}7f} + bfªsf cWoIf a;Gt cfrfo{nufon] z'esfdgf dGtAo AoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . e]nfn] k'gM z/b zdf{sf]cWoIftfdf kGw| ;b:oLo clvn 5}7f} + /fKtL aaO{ SofDk; OsfO{ ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . h;sf] ;lrjdf c~h' kf08]/ sf]iffcWoIfdf lgd{nf /f]sf /xg'ePsf] 5 . ;b:ox?df d]gsf 8f“uL, e"ld;/f s];L, s[i0f s'“j/, l;h{gf s];L, od'gf e08f/L, l;h{gf b]jsf]6f, s[i0f e08f/L, ofbj e08f/L, o'j/fh e08f/L / ?kf hLPd x'g'x'G5 .

;ldltn] a'wjf/ g}pdflj sfnfvf]nfdf sIff gf}/ bzdf klg ;xOsfO{ ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . sIff gf}df ePsf] e]nfn] sdn v8\sfsf]cWoItfdf !# ;b:oLo / sIff !) df ePsf] e]nfn] lvd/fh e08f/Lsf] cWoIfotfdf !# ;b:oL ;xOsfO{ ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lhNnf cWoIf a;Gt cfrfo{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

xflb{s awfO{

l;;xlgof uf=lj=;= :t/Lo o'jf ;~hfnsf] ldlt @)&!.(.!( ut]sf lbg ;DkGg e]nfaf6 o; ;ldltsf sf]iffWoIf s'df/ clwsf/L o'jf ;~hfnsf] pkfWoIf kbdf / ;x;lrj uf}/Lz+s/ kf08] cWoIf kbdf dgf]gog x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ pxfFx?sf] ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

zfGt/fh e08f/L -cWoIf_tyf l;;xlgof gu/ Joj:yfkg

;ldlt kl/jf/ b]pv'/L, bfª

s'df/ clwsf/L uf}/Lz+s/ kf08]

xflb{s awfO{

xfd|f :g]xL efO tyf cfTdLo ldq uf}/Lz+s/ kf08] / s'df/ clwsf/L oxL @)&!.(.!( ut]sf lbg ;DkGg e]nfaf6 l;;xlgof uflj;:t/Lo o'jf ;~hfnsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIf h:tf] ul/dfdo kbdf dgf]gog x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ pxfFx?sf] ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

s'df/ clwsf/Luf}/Lz+s/ kf08]

O{Zj/Lk|;fb clwsf/L;To;fO{ d]l8sn xn

l;;xlgof b]pv'/L, bfª

uf]aw{g /fjt -cWoIf_l;;xlgof gu/ ljsf; ;ldlt

cfGbf]lnt l6Kk/ Joj;foL M 3f]/fxL l;d]G6 pBf]un] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] Go"g ef8fdf ;~rfng ug{ g;lsg] eGb} cfGbf]ng :j?k pBf]u cufl8 nfOgdf nfu]sf l6Kk/x? . cfh z'qmjf/ lhNnf k|zf;gdf ul/g] jftf{df ef8f a9fpg pBf]u ;xdt geP cfGbf]ngsf yk sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ul/g] :ju{åf/L l6Kk/ Joj;foL ;ldltsf jl/i7 pkfWoIf Pj+ jftf{ ;ldlt ;+of]hs e/tgfy of]uLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . tl:j/ M kf08j zdf{÷o'uaf]w

nfu"cf}ifw b'Ao{;gla?4 ;r]tgf cleofg

q odnfn e';fn

a'6jn, @$ k'; . ?kGb]xLsf] v8jf agufO{ uflj;–* sf]Nx'jfsf kz'kfns s[ifsx? cfocfh{g a[l4 ug] { p2]Zon] a+u'/kfng ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . Go"g cfocfh{g ePsf ljkGg kl/jf/nfO{ hLljsf]kfh{g kl/of]hgfcGtu{t kz'kfns s[ifsx?nfO{ xfn} Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L a+u'/sf kf7fkf7Lx? ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

a+u'/sf kf7fkf7L k|fKt u/]kl5 cfkm\gf] cfocfh{gdf a[l4 x'g] / o;sf] cfDbfgLn]afnaflnsfnfO{ lzIffbLIff k|bfg ug] {nufotsf sfo{df s[ifsnfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .

lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{non] a+u'/sf] vf]/ lgdf{0f ;xof]u / jN8{ lehgsf]cfly{s ;xof]udf :yfgLo ls;fgx?n] hLljsf]kfh{g kl/of]hgf cGtu{t a+u'/sf kf7fkf7L kfPsf x'g\ .

;f] cj;/df v8jf agufO{ uflj; j8f g+= * sf]n'jfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no ?kGb]xLsf k|d'v jl/i7 kz' lrlsT;s 8f= ufGwL/fh pkfWofon] s[ifsx?nfO{ a+u'/sf kf7fkf7L ljt/0f

ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df af]Nb} 8f= pkfWofon] cfocfh{g sd ePsf s[ifsx?nfO{ hLljsf]kfh{sf nflu kz'kfngdf Joj;foLsLs/0f ug'{ h?/L ePsf] atfpg'eof] .

px“fn] ;fgf]–;fgf] ?kdf ul/g] kz' kfngaf6 kl/jf/df cfocfh{gsf] af6f] v'Ng]atfp“b} ;fd"lxs efjgfsf]ljsf; ug{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . l;h{gzLn cfbz{ ;dfh g]kfnsf cWoIf cof]Wof yf?sf]cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf

ljBfno t]SjfGbf]dxf;+3 u7g3f]/fxL, @$

k'; -o';_– laxLjf/3f]/fxLdf ePsf] t]SjfGbf]v]nf8Lx?sf] e]nfn] df]xg :j0f{sf/sf] cWoIftfdf /fli6«o ljBfno t]SjfGbf]dxf;+3 lhNnf ;ldlt bfª u7g u/]sf] 5 .

;+3sf] pkfWoIfdf z/bs'df/ zdf{, ;lrj z/0f hLPd / sf]iffWoIfdf lji0f' of]uL x'g'x'G5 . To;}u/L ;b:ox?df s]zj yfkf, ;'lgn uf}td, bLks cfrfo{, ltns lu/L, lbk' s];L, 5lj s];L / huGgfy clwsf/L x'g'x'G5 .

e]nfdf dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf lbkLsf yfkf, dxf;lrj ;"o{nfn e08f/L, ;lrj k|Nxfb bfxfn / s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s]zj bfxfnsf] klg pkl:ylt lyof] . sfo{qmddf bfªsf ;fd'bflos tyf ;+:yfut ljBfnox?sf] ;xeflutf lyof] .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

Ko'7fg, @$ k'; . g]skf–dfcf]jfbLsf dxf;lrj /fdaxfb'/ yfkf …afbnÚn] tLg sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ PsLs/0fsf] clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .

…;“u} ldn]/ åGå u/]sf dl0f / k/L g]t[Tjsf] dfcf]jfbL;“u PsLs/0f clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5\Ú pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …Pdfcf]jfbL klg xfdL;“u} PsLs/0f k|of;df 5, g]t[Tjsf] sf/0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .Ú

kl5Nnf] Ps xKtfb]lv /f]Nkf, Ko'7fg, ?s'd / bfªdf lhNnf:t/sf sfo{stf{nfO{ k|lzIf0f lb‘b} cfpg'ePsf dxf;lrj afbnn]a'wjf/ Ko'7fgsf] ljh'jf/df Pdfcf]jfbLsf dxf;lrj s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f;“u klg cfkm"n]kf6L{ PsLs/0f / afdkGyL kf6L{sf] Pstf s]Gb| :yfkgf ug] { ljifodf 5nkmn u/]sf]

atfpg'eof] .…Pdfcf]jfbL klg ;+ljwfg;efdf

k]lnPsf] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …ca ;a}Ps} :yfgdf cfpg'kg] { ;do cfPsf] 5 .Ú kf6L{ PsLs/0fsf ljifodf w]/ } ;do vlr{g'ePsf g]tf afbnn] s]xL ;do klxnf ljeflht ePsf] g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf g]qljqmd rGb …ljKnjÚsf] cnlUug]lg0f{onfO{ …cfj]usf] uNtLÚ sf] ;+1f lbg'ePsf] 5 .

;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] Ps km/s k|;+udf pxf‘n] df3 * df ;+ljwfg gaGg]bfaL;d]t ug'{eof] . lhNnf:t/df em08}#) hgf sfo{stf{nfO{ k|lzIf0f lb“b} pxf“n];+ljwfg;efn] åGåsf d'2fnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ g;Sg] ;d]t atfpg' ePsf] k|lzIf0fdf ;xefuL lhNnf:t/sf Ps g]tfn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

g]skf–dfcf]jfbL;Fu c¿ b'O{ kf6L{ ldl;b}

hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu a+u'/ kfng

af“sL ^ k]hdf: 

ef/tdf a]lrPsL ?s'dsL dlxnf aL; jif{kl5 3/ vf]Hb} hfh/sf]6

ljrf/$ z'qmjf/, @% k'; @)&!

s[lif If]q g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsf] d"n cfwf/ xf] . oxL cfwf/n] oxfFslt pTkfbg x'G5 / To;n] xfd|f] cy{tGqnfO{ slt dfly p7fpF5 eGg]lgwf{/0f ub{5 . lgaf{xd'vL g} lsg gxf];\ clwsf+z hgtf s[lif k]zfdflge{/ 5g\ . hgtfsf] k]6 eg{ / b]z rnfpg s[lif If]qaf6 cfPsf]pTkfbg d'Vo eP klg s[lif If]qnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{tkm{ /fHosf] vf;} Wofgk'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . s[lifnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f / Joj;foLs/0f ug{ e"ldJoj:yfkgb]lv ljleGg k|sf/sf sfd ug{ afFsL 5 . hlt ul/Psf] 5,To;df klg Wofg gk'Ubf s[lif If]qdf ul/Psf] nufgL k|To'Tkfbs aGg]vt/f klg plQs} 5 . o;sf] Pp6f gd"gf xf]– hdLgdf cTolws/f;folgs dn k|of]usf] hf]lvd . s]xL jif{otf pTkfbg a9fpg eGb}hdLgdf /f;folgs dnsf] cTolws k|of]u ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . o;n]pkef]Qmfdf t k|ToIf c;/ u/]sf] 5 g}, hdLgdf ;d]t c;/ kg{ yfn]sf]5 . rfF8f] / w]/} cGg pTkfbg ug{ eGb} s'g} a]nf /fHon] g} /f;folgsdn k|of]udf k|f]T;fxg ug]{ gLlt lnof] . To;s} kmn:j?k o;sf] cTolwsk|of]u ug{ yflnof] . t/ clxn] cfpFbf o;n] pkef]Qmfsf] :jf:Yo dfqlau|]g, hdLgdf ;d]t c;/ k'Ubf pTkfbg 36\g] / ljleGg k|sf/sf/f]uls/fsf] k|sf]k a9\g] vt/f al9/x]sf] 5 .

bfª lhNnfs} dfq s'/f ubf{ klg oxfFsf] df6f]df ** k|ltzt clDnokgkfOPsf] 5 . clDnokg olt w]/} a9]sf] 5 ls hlt /f;folgs dn k|of]uubf{ klg pTkfbg a9\g] 5fF6 b]lvb}g . a? jif]{lg pTkfbg 3l6/x]sf] 5 .Psk6s xfn]sf] dnn] sfd u/]g eg] ls;fgn] k6s–k6s dfqfeGbfcTolws w]/} /f;folgs dn k|of]u ubf{ of] l:ylt cfPsf] df6f] lj1x?sf]egfO 5 . ut jif{ klZrd bfªsf] ds} afnLdf b]lvPsf] ls/fsf]k|sf]ksf] d'Vo sf/0f klg df6f]s} clDnokg ePsf] df6f] lj1sf] egfO5 . clDnokg a9\b} hfFbf df6f]df hLjf0f', laiff0f' / 9';L a9\b} hfg] /To;af6 ls/f pTklQ x'g] vt/f /xG5 . o;s} sf/0f afnLdf ljleGgk|sf/sf /f]u nfUg] u/]sf 5g\ . of] ;fFlRrs} hl6n / ;+j]bgzLn ;jfnxf] . b]zsf gLlt lgdf{tfb]lv lhNnf txsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;d]t cg]sgemd]nfdf kml;/x]sf b]lvG5g\ . s[lifh:tf] dxTjk"0f{ ;jfndf pgLx?sf]Wofg hfg ;s]sf] b]lvb}g . /f;folgs dn k|of]usf] c;/ pTkfbsls;fgb]lv / pkef]Qmf gful/ssf] ;d]t rf;f]sf] ;jfn ePsfn]/fHonufot ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] o;df Wofg hfg cfjZos 5 .

plrt ljsNk;lxt /f;folgs dn k|of]unfO{ sd ug{ g} of] ;d:ofsf]lbuf] lgsf; xf] . t/ clxn] g} dn k|of]u /f]Sg ;lsb}g. lsgeg] o;sf]plrt ljsNk 5}g . clxn] eO/x]s} pTkfbg 36\g] xf] ls eGg] ls;fgx?sf]lrGtf 5 . x'g g klg xf], h}ljs dn k|of]usf] pknAwtf 5}g . h}ljsdn k|of]unfO{ a9fpg /fHo txaf6} gLlt lgdf{0f ul/g'kb{5 . of] g} lbuf];dfwfg xf] . tTsfnsf nflu ;a} 7fpFdf of] ;Dej gxf]nf . To;sfnflu /f;folgs dn k|of]u g} ug'{k/] klg plrt dfqf ldnfP/ k|of]u ug]{u/L Jofks s[lif ;r]tgf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g'kb{5 . dn w]/} k|of]uu/]/ w]/} pTkfbg x'G5 eGg] h'g e|d 5, To;nfO{ lrg{sf nflu w]/} xf]Og,plrt dn k|of]usf nflu cfjZos ;r]tgf / ;/sf/L tj/af6 k|fljlwskl/rfngsf] sfo{qmd cl3 a9fOg'kb{5 . kof{Kt ;r]tgfsf] cefjdfs[ifsn] a9L dn k|of]u ug'{ s[ifssf] dfq sdhf/L xf]Og . o;sf]lhDdf /fHon] lng'k5{ . g]kfnh:tf] s[lif k|wfg b]zdf s[lif If]qnfO{k|f]T;fxg ug{ a[xt\ cg'bfgsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{sf] ;f6f] dnk|of]usf] ;xL hfgsf/L ;d]t oxfFsf s[ifsn] kfpFb}gg\ eg] Tof] /fHosf]sdhf/L xf]Og < clxn] al9/x]sf] clDnokg sd ug{ r"g k|of]unfO{pko'Qm dflgPsf] 5 t/ o;sf nflu klg /fHon] ;xof]u ug'{k5{ .cem} klg ;a} 7fpFsf ls;fgx?n] /f;folgs dn k|of]un] df6f]lau|]sf] 5 / o;nfO{ ;'wfg'{k5{ eGg] hfgsf/L kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ eg]sltko ls;fgnfO{ r'g v/Lbs} ;d:of x'g;S5 . To;sf nflu/fHon] clxn]sf] %) k|ltzt cg'bfg a9fP/ ztk|ltzt k'¥ofpg] /cfd ls;fgx?;Dd ltd|f] hUuf lau|b}5, To;}n] /f;folgs dnk|of]unfO{ Jojl:yt u/ eg]/ hfu[t ug}{k5{ .

/f;folgs dn k|of]usf] hf]lvd

;fgf] 5‘bf v'a bf}l8P‘ . v]Nbf klgbf}l8P‘ . sfd l56f]5l/tf] ug{sf nfluklg bf}l8P‘ . cfdf / u'?sf] Kof/f] x'gsfnflu klg bf}l8P‘ . ljBfno hfg] a]nf /ljBfnoaf6 kmls{g] a]nf klg bf}l8P‘ .;xsdL{x?nfO{ pl5g]/ cl3 a9\gsf nfluklg bf}l8P‘ . sltko cj:yfdf t dd]/f] gfdsf nflu klg bf}l8P‘ . o:tf]nfU5, Tolta]nf d gbf}l8Psf] k|x/ g}lyPg . d gbf}l8Psf af6f, kf6f /sfGnfx? g} lyPgg\ . Tolta]nf d h;/Lbf}l8/x]sf] lyP‘, d]/f ;kgfx? klg To;/Lg} bf}l8/x]sf lyP . d]/f ;kgfx? h;/Lbf}l8/x]sf lyP, d]/f ljrf/ / efjgfx?klg To;/L g} bf}l8/x]sf lyP . Tolta]nfd}n] kf6f / sfGnfx? kfOnf ug]/ xf]Ogls xfdkmfn]/ kf/ ubf{ d]/f ;kgf /efjgfx? klg To;/L g} xfdkmfn]/ lah'nLh:t} s'b\g] ub{y] . clxn] ;Dembf o:tf]nfU5 ls Tolta]nf d]/f] hLjgdf kl/jt{gxf]Og ls ?kfGt/0f (Transforma-tion) eO/x]sf] lyof] .

bf}8g', pk|mg' / s'b\g' ultzLntf/x]5 . ultzLntf pGglt / k|ult /x]5 .ToxL eP/ klg xf]nf, Tolta]nfsf] pGglt/ k|ultsf] ult klg tLa| lyof] . zf/Ll/sa[l4 / ljsf;sf] ult t To;} klg tLj|lyof] g}, dfgl;s / af}l4s ljsf;sf]ult klg Tof] eGbf sd lyPg . Tolta]nfk9]/ xf]Og ls k/]/ 1fg, ;Lk /clea[lQsf] ljsf; eof] . k/]/ cyf{tef]u]/ cflh{t 1fg / hfgsf/L ;w}+ ;w}+lhp‘bf]hfUbf] eO/x\of], 3f]s]sf] h:t} u/Llal;{Pg . sf‘qmf] rf]/L ubf{ kfPsf];hfon] rf]/L ug]{ sfd gug]{ s;d vfP/hLjgnfO{ cufl8 a9fOof] . ds}af/Luf]8\bf kfPsf] :ofaf;L / xf};nfn] /fd|fsfdx? cem} /fd|f];‘u ug{sf nflu k|]l/tx'g l;sfof] . eL/af6 nl8of] . kfgLdf8'laof] . eml/df ?lemof] . uf]?n] xfGof]] .;k{n] nv]6\of] . cl/ª\ufnn] 6f]Sof] . oL;a} dfWodaf6 1fg, ;Lk / hfgsf/Llng] qmddf l;sfOsf] dfu{ km/flsnf] /lbuf] eof] .

lxhf]cfh eg] klxn] h:tf] bf}8g] /pk|mg] lbgrof{ 5}g . eGg'sf] dtnjultzLntf 3l6/x]sf] 5 / ultxLgtfal9/x]sf ] 5 . eG5g \ dflg;x?ultxLgtf cjglt / d[To'sf] kl/rfosxf] . nfU5 d klg cjgltsf] af6f] eP/cf]/fnf] emb}{5' ls † nfU5 d klg st}d[To'sf] glhs uP/ ;':s]/f xfNb}5' ls †;Demg gkfp‘b} em:sG5' / sxfnLnfU5 . of] sxfnLnfUbf] eoaf6 d'lQmsfnflu crfgs klxn] h:t} bf}8g / plk|mgvf]H5' . la8Dagf g} eGg'kb{5, d bf}8]/ultjfg x'g vf]h]klg dflg;x? dnfO{bf}8g lgif]w ub{5g\ . d bf}8g] af6f]dfd]/f /Lltlylt / k|rngx? cj/f]w eP/pleg] ub{5g\ . d}n] dfGb} cfPsf

bf}8 / b[li6sf]0f

lgodsfg"gx? klg d]/f lglDt d]/f] bf}8df;xof]uL x'g ;Sb}gg\ . slxn]sfxL+ t o:tf]nfU5, d]/f elgPsf cfkmGtx?, d]/f/Lltlylt / k|rngx? / d}n] dfGb} cfPsfd]/f lgodsfg"gx?n] d]/f] pGglt / d]/f]hLjg rfx‘b}gg\ . nfU5, pgLx? d]/f] cj;fg/ d[To' s'/]/ al;/x]sf 5g\ .

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cfhsf dflg;x? crDdsf] ;f]r /dlitis lnP/ hGdg] u/]sf 5g\  .pgLx?nfO{ cfkm" bf}8g ;lsg eg]/ xf]Ogls c?n] bf}8g ;s] eg]/ lk/nf] 5 .pgLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] 3/ ;fgf] eof] eg]/xf]Og ls c?sf] 3/ 7"nf] eof] eg]/ lk/nf]5 . ;du|df dflg; clxn] cfkm"eGbf sf]xLklg dfly gxf];\ eGg] rfxG5 . cfkm" b'MvLePkl5 c? emg\ Tof] eGbf b'MvL x'g'kb{5eGg] cfhsf tyfslyt dflg;x?sf] wf/0ff5 . To;}n] t dflg;x? c? v'zL ePsf]b]Vg g;ls/x]sf] l:ylt 5 . a|Dxf08sf] ts'/f 5f]8f}+, Pp6} 3/sf dflg;x?df klgPsn] csf]{nfO{ pl5Gg] xtf/f] 5 . Pp6}bn / ;d"xsf dflg;x?leq klg cfkm"eGbf c? dfly gxf]pg\ eGg] bz{gs} sf/0f

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@)$( ;fndf /fli6«o b"Uw ljsf;af]8{sf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . b"Uw ljsf; af]8{df8]gL8f /fi6«af6 ;xof]u lyof] . pQm af]8{sf]b"Uw ljsf; tyf k|j4{g ug{sf nflu g]kfn;/sf/nfO{ pko'Qm gLlt lgdf{0f ug{ ;Nnfx;'emfj lbg' k|d'v sfo{ lyof] . ;/sf/L tyflghL b"Uw pBf]ux? / b"w pTkfbs s[ifs;xsf/L ;+:yfx?aLr ;dGjo Nofpg] u/Ls[lif dGqLsf] cWoIftf /xg] u/L /fli6«o b"Uwljsf; af]8{ P]g @)$* nfu' ePsf] xf] . b"Uwljsf; af]8{df lghL IF]qaf6 / ;xsf/Laf6;d]t rf/hgf k|ltlglw /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf]lyof] . lghL 8]/Lx?sf] Pzf]l;P;g u7g ePdfo;} ;+u7gaf6 b"Uw ljsf; af]8{df k|ltlglwTjug{ ;lhnf] x'g] ePsfn] ;f] tflnd cjlwdf5nkmn eO/x]sf] lyof] . ;f] 5nkmndf 8]/Llj16]saxfb'/ yfkf, 8]lg8f k|ltlglw lk6/ n'08/ USAID k|ltlglwx?sf] ;d]t pkl:ylt/x]sf] lyof] . ;f]xL 5nkmnaf6 d ;+of]hs //]ZdL/fh kGyL dxf;lrj;d]t kf‘rhgfsf]tby{ ;ldlt @)%! ;fn k'; & df u7gul/Psf] lyof] .

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o; cjlwdf b"Uw Joj;fodf ;+nUgpBf]uLx? g]kfn 8]/L Pzf]l;P;g, g]kfn8]/L OG6/lk|og/ Pzf]l;P;g / lrhJoj;foL;d]t tLg efudf af‘l8of] . ;a}cf–cfkm\g} cl:tTj sfod u/fpg k|lt:kwf{b]lvof] . Joj;foLx? Pscfk;df af‘l8bfk]zfut xs lxt Pj+ tflnd ;~rfngdfsl7gfO dx;'; ePsf] lyof] . b"Uw ljsf;af]8{sf] ;xof]udf @)%% ;fn r}t @) ut];+o'Qm?kdf ;fwf/0f;ef hfjnfv]n k|lzIf0fejgdf ePsf] lyof] . pQm ;efdf lrhJoj;foL, g]kfn k|fOe]6 8]/L Pzf]l;P;g/ g]kfn 8]/L OG6/lk|og/ Pzf]l;P;gcfk;df ufleg] ePkl5 g]kfn 8]/LPzf]l;P;g u7g ePsf] xf] .

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d]/ f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ !) ut]3f]/fxLaf6 dl;gftkm{ cfp“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xf]nf .

gfd M kxn/fh 3tL{ du/ /fxbfgL g+= M )%*&(()%7]ufgf M dl;gf uf=lj=;=–$, /f]Nkf ;Dks{ g+= M (*^))#))^$

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

d]/ f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! ;fpg @% ut]t'n;Lk'/af6 lahf}/Ltkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xf]nf .

gfd M /fh]Gb| s]=;L= /fxbfgL g+= M &^%!!!%7]ufgf M lhgfjfª uf=lj=;=–$, /f]Nkf ;Dks{ g+= M (*!*!^@)%^

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

d]/ f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ @) ut]wgf{af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xf]nf .

gfd M jL/l;+x vqL /fxbfgL g+= M @^&%)&(7]ufgf M wgf{ uf=lj=;=–@, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*$&*^@)&!

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

d]/ f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ @@ ut]wgf{af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xf]nf .

gfd M jL/axfb'/ kl/of/ /fxbfgL g+= M )^!()(@!7]ufgf M wgf{ uf=lj=;=–$, bfª

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

hfh/sf]6, @$ k'; . gnl;+x uf8 hnljB't cfof]hgfn] hUuf clwu|/0f sfo{ z'? u/]sf] 5 .

cfof]hgf ljsf; ;ldltn]klxnf] r/0fdf lzlj/ / kfj/xfp; If]qsf] hUuf clwu|x0f ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . lj;+ @)&) df3df ;/sf/sf] ;lrj:t/sf]lg0f{ocg';f/ cfof]hgfn] hUuf clwu|x0fsf nflu d'cfAhf ljt/0faf/] ;ftfcl3 ;"rgf k|sfzg u/]/ sfd yfn]sf] 5 .

cfof]hgfn] lzlj/ tyf kfj/ xfp;sf nflu ljBfno, uf}r/0f, g;{/L, h+un, ;8s, rf}tf/L / :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf]u/L kf“r ;o #! /f]kgL hUuf clwu|x0f ug{ nfu]sf] cWoIf z]/axfb'/ zfxLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

h;dWo] lqe'jg pRr

dfWolds ljBfno vu]gsf]6 bNnLsf] Ps ;o !$ /f]kgL /:yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] b'O{ ;o %) /f]kgL hUuf clwu|x0f x'g]5 . pQm hUufsf] d'cfAhfsf nflu rfn' cfjdf Ps s/f]8 @% nfv 5'6\ofPsf] cWoIf zfxLn]atfpg'eof] .

cfof]hgfn] hUuf clwu|x0f, ef}lts k"jf{wf/, l8lkcf/nufotsf sfo{ cufl8 a9fPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . rfn' cfjdf cfof]hgfsf] kx“'r dfu{ lgdf{0fsf nflu !$ s/f]8 / sfof{no ejgsf nflu 5 s/f]8sf] 6]08/ cfx\jfg eO;s]sf] 5 .

To:t} cfof]hgfsf]l8lkcf/, k|fljlws sfo{ / cGo ef}lts Joj:yfkgsf nflu rf/ s/f]8 ah]6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . rfn' cfjd}lj:t[t ;j] {If0f / cfof]hgfsf]sG:6«S;g kfj/ pTkfbgsf]

lj:t[t ;j] {If0fnufot sfo{ ;~rfng x'g] zfxLn]atfpg'eof] .

rf/ ;o %) d]3fjf6 ljB't pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] of]cfof]hgf pRr k|fyldstf–( kL jfgdf k/]kl5 ef}lts tyf k|fljlws sfo{ z'? ePsf] xf] . ;/sf/n]a'9Lu08sL / gnl;+xuf8 hnljB't cfof]hgfnfO{ pRr k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] 5 .

cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f ;g\ @)@# ;Dd ;DkGg ug] { nIo /x]sf] zfxLn] atfpg'eof] . cfof]hgf lgdf{0fdf Ps va{sf]nfut vr{ x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf]5 . cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu Pl8aLnufotsf bft[ lgsfo /

b]zleqs} ljQLo ;+3;+:yf klg OR5's /x]sf] zfxLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePdf cfof]hgf dWoklZrds}pmhf{sf] k|d'v :f|f]t aGg]5 . of]cfof]hgf jftfj/0fd}qL, 8\Øfd sd k'l/g], hnfzosf] cfo' lbuf]/xg], v]tLof]Uo hldgsf] Go"g Iflt x'g], lj:yflkt sd x'g] /ef}ule{s cj:yf cToGt /fDf|f]dflgPsf] 5 . cfof]hgf:yn hfh/sf]6 ;b/d'sfdaf6 @) sf]z k"j{df /x]sf] 5 . of]cfof]hgf ;Snf / vu]gsf]6 uflj;df cfof]hgfsf] klxrfg ePsf] @& jif{kl5 pQm d]3f k|f]h]S6sf] lgdf{0f k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xf] .

gnl;+x uf8 hnljB't cfof]hgfsf] hUuf clwu|x0f z'?

d]/ f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] nfO;]G; ldlt @)&! k'; !% ut]3f]/fxLaf6 t'n;Lk'/tkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xf]nf .

gfd M s?0ff >]i7 -df:s]_ nfO;]G; g+= M )(–%)$#^* -/fKtL_7]ufgf M nlntk'/ g=kf=–#, nlntk'/ ;Dks{ g+= M (*$!$^&!&)

nfO;]G; x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

dg' j]Njf;]j]Njf;] sk8f k;n l;;xlgof b]=, bfª

d]/f :g]xL efO tyf cfTdLo ldq uf}/Lz+s/ kf08] / s'df/ clwsf/L @)&!.(.!( ut] ;DkGg e]nfaf6 l;;xlgof uflj;:t/Lo o'jf ;~hfnsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIf kbdf rog x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5' .

xflb{s awfO{

s'df/ clwsf/Luf}/Lz+s/ kf08]

q ;'zLn bgf{n

sf7df8f} +, @$ k'; . ¿kGb]xL :yfoL 3/ eO{ xfn gof“ afg]Zj/a:b} cfPsL sdnf kl/of/n] kf“r jif{ klxnf cfkm"eGbf pkNnf] hft >Ls[i0f cfrfo{;“u ljjfx ul/g\ . k6s–k6s ljjfxsf nflu hft ldNb}g eg]/ z'?d} sdnfn] ;DemfPsL x'g\ . cfrfo{n] hfteftsf] s'g} jf:tf 5}g eGb} eufP/} ljjfx u/] t/ kl5 hftLo sf/0f b]vfp“b} a]kQf eP .

sdnfn] elgg\– …Ps jif{;Dd k|]d rln/x“bf klg d}n] pxf“nfO{ ;w};Demfpg] uy] {+ d blntsf] 5f]/LnfO{ tkfO“sf] 3/kl/jf/n] :jLsfb} {g eg]/ . pxf“n] dfGg'ePg t/ kl5 hftLo sf/0f b]vfp“b} pxf“ b'O{ jif{b]lv a]kQf x'g'ePsf] 5 .Ú

cfkm\gf] >Ldfg\ >Ls[i0fnfO{ e]6fpg sdnfn] ;Sbf] k|of; ul/g\ t/ sxL+st} e]l6Pg . cem} klg pgs} cfzfdf l5g\ sdnf . …;“u}lhpg] ;“u} dg] {Ú s;d vfPsf >Ldfg\ a]kQf ePkl5 ;fdfGo t/sf/L k;n u/]/ cfkm\gf] u'hf/f rnfp“b} cfPsL sdnfsf] hLjg clxn] jfl/ g kfl/sf]ePsf] 5 .

sdnf dfq xf]Og\, ;ft jif{ klxnf cfkm"eGbf pkNnf] hft;“u ljjfx u/]sL ;l/tf ljZjsdf{sf] l:ylt klg To:t} 5 . ;l/tfnfO{ blntsL 5f]/L eGb} 3/df leœofpg'sf] ;§f 3/leq l5g{;d]t lbOPg . b'O{j6f 5f]/f÷5f]/L eO;s]kl5 pgsf >Ldfg\n] hftLo sf/0f b]vfp“b} csf] { ljjfx u/] .

o;/L hftLo sf/0f b]vfP/ljjfx u/]sf] s]xL lbg, dlxgf jf jif{d} cnkq kg] { sdnf / ;l/tf kfq dfq x'g\ . kl5Nnf] k6s oxL d+l;/@@ ut] l;Gw'kfNrf]s l;kfkf]v/]uflj;sf !( jifL{o ;Gtf]if cfrfo{n]blnt ePsf] yfxf kfPkl5 ljjfx u/]sf] tLg lbgd} blnt o'jtLnfO{ 3/lgsfnf ul/lbP .

j}lbs k/Dk/fcg';f/ k|]dljjfx u/]sf cfrfo{n] sfe|]b]jL6f/ uflj;sL @) jifL{of blnt o'jtL sNkgf l/hfn -ljs_ nfO{ 3/ lgsfnf ul/lbPsf x'g\ . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]df ph'/L k/];“u} clxn] pQm 36gfnfO{ ldnfkqd};Lldt ul/Psf] 5 . oxL c;f]hdf l5d]sL eLdaxfb'/ If]qL;“u k|]dljjfx u/]sL /f]Nkf 3f]8fufp“–& sL ufoqL ljsnfO{ 3/leq k:g lbOPg . clxn]cfkmGtn] g} If]qLnfO{ a]kQf agfPkl5 ufoqLsf] larNnL ePsf] 5 .

o;/L cfkm"eGbf tNnf] hft;“u

eGbf klg pkNnf] hft;“u ljjfx u/]/w]/ } blnt o'jtL larNnLdf kg] { u/]sf]hfu/0f ldl8of ;]G6/n] hgfPsf] 5 . ;]G6/sf cg';f/ kl5Nnf] k6s b]zsf ljleGg :yfgdf blnt o'jtLnfO{ ljjfx u/]/ s]xL lbgd} s]6f a]kQf x'g] 36gf a9\b} uPsf 5g\ . dfly plNnlvt 36gfx¿nfO{ x]g] { xf] eg] u}/blnt o'jsx¿n] blnt o'jtL;“u ljjfxsf]gf6s ubf{ w]/ } blnt o'jtLsf] larNnL x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLlgs6 g]kfn /fli6«o blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf ;lrjfno ;b:o /fhs'df/ lxªdfªn];j{xf/f, ul/a, zf]lift, kLl8t ju{sf]d'lQmsf nflu eGb} /fhgLlt ug] { /fhgLltsdL{n] g} kl5Nnf] ;oddf hftLo sf/0f b]vfP/ w]/ } blnt dlxnfnfO{ larNnLdf kf/]sf] u'gf;f]ug'{eof] .

Psflt/ ;z:q o'4sf qmddf ;dfh kl/jt{gsf] pbfx/0f lbg cfkm"eGbf tNnf] hft;“u cGthf{tLo ljjfx u/]sf dfcf]jfbL g]tf tyf sfo{stf{n] g} clxn] hftLo sf/0f b]vfp“b} ;DaGwljR5]b ug] { u/]sf]kfOG5 eg] csf] {lt/ kLl8t blnt o'jtL k|x/Ldf ph'/L lbbf pgLx¿sf] ;d:of ;'lgb}g, cfn6fn ul/G5 . oy]i6 k|df0f x'“bfx“'b} of] jf Tof] axfgfdf k|df0f gk'u]sf] eGb} cfn6fn ug] { ul/Psf]kLl8t blnt o'jtLsf] egfO 5 .

olb blnt clwsf/sdL{sf] rsf] { bafadf d'2f btf{ g} ul/of] eg] klg Gofo lbg] u}/blntn] kLl8teGbf klg kL8ssf] kIfdf km};nf ug] { u/]sf]hfu/0fsf cWoIf /]daxfb'/ ljZjsdf{ atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5"tsf 36gfnfO{ ;s];Dd ufp“d} ldnfkq ug] { ul/G5, olb k|x/L k|zf;g;Dd k'Uof] eg] klg sfg'gcg';f/ sf/jfxL ug'{sf] ;§f pN6} Toxf“ klg bafa} bafadf ldnfkq u/fOG5 .Ú

blnt clwsf/sdL{ kbd ;'Gbf;sf cg';f/ g]kfnL ;dfhdf u}/blntn]blnt;“u ljjfx u/]/ ;kmn ePsf 36gf cToGt sd 5g\ . olb ;kmn eP klg cfkm"eGbf tNnf] hft;“u ljjfx u/]sf] eGb} p;nfO{ s'naf6 lgsflng], cfkm\gf] afa'sf] d[To'df lqmofk'qL;d]t a:g glbOg] / d[To'kl5 bfh'efOn] zj;d]t gp7fpg] pxf“sf]egfO 5 . klZrd kfNkfsf] d'em'ª–* af6'nLkf]v/Lsf ^) jif] { gf/fo0f /fgfn] blnt ljjfx u/]sf] eGb} pgsf bfh'efOn] pgsf] zj;d]t p7fPgg\ . of] @)^^ ;fn c;f/ !$ ut]sf] 36gf

xf] . cf] ]/ ]s g]kfnsf cg';f/

kl5Nnf] ;dodf d''n'sleq a9\b}uPsf] anfTsf/sf 36gfdf b]zsf]s'n hg;+Vofsf] ;ft k|ltzt blnt dlxnf g} lzsf/ x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf]5 . blnt dlxnf ;+3sf cWoIf b'uf{ ;f]jn] eGg'eof]– …tL blnt o'jtLnfO{ anfTsf/ ug] { e§/fO{, clwsf/L, nfld5fg] / s“8]n y/sf u}/blnt g}x'g\, s:tf] lj8Dagf . tL anfTs[t x'g]blnt o'jtLsf] hLp rN5 t/ kfgL rNb}g .Ú

otf, 5'jf5"t cGTo ug{ NofOPsf]hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5"t -s;'/ /;hfo_ P]g, @)^* nfu' eO;Sbf klg u}/blnt;“u k|]d jf ljjfx u/]s} sf/0f bh{gf} + blntsf] s'6lk6 u/L xTof;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . P]g cfO;s]kl5 cfkm"eGbf pkNnf] hft -rf}w/L_ ;“u k|]d u/]sf]eGb} ;Kt/L lhNnf kG;]/f uflj;–# lgjf;L lzj z+s/bf;sf] ljif ;]jg u/fO{ xTof ul/Psf] 36gf ;j{ljlbt}5 .

To;}u/L b}n]v lhNnf tf]nL uflj;–@ wgLufp“ lgjf;L ;Gtaxfb'/bdfO{n] pkNnf] hft -zfxL_ ;“u ljjfx u/]sf] lgx“'df ;Gtaxfb'/sf afa' ;]t]bdfO{sf] xTof ul/of] . P]gdf b08 ;hfosf] Joj:yf sdhf]/ ePsf] /sfof{Gjog klg lkmtnf] ePsf sf/0f u}/blntn] blnt dlxnf;“u ljjfx u/]sf] s]xL lbgd} hftLo sf/0f b]vfp“b};DaGwljR5]b ug] {nufot 5'jf5"tsf 36gf emg\–emg\ a9\b} uPsf] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;ef;b\ hLjg kl/of/sf] egfO 5 .

cGthf{tLo ljjfx ug] { hf]8LnfO{ k|bfg ul/b} cfPsf] k|f]T;fxg cg'bfg /sd k|fKt ug{ k|zf;lgs tj/af6 cToGt emGeml6nf] ePsf] cGthf{tLo ljjflxt hf]8Ln] u'gf;f] ub} { cfPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] k6s–k6s 5'jf5"td'Qm /fi6« 3f]if0ff ul/;s]kl5 klg ;lbof} +b]lv ;dfhdf JofKt hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5"tsf] ;d:of clxn]sf] cfw'lgs ;dfhdf klg sfod /xg' la8Dagfk"0f{ 5 .

efif0f / cfZjf;gn] dfq of]lje]b d]l6g ;Sb}g . olb ;f“rf] cy{df ;dfhdf JofKt 5'jf5"t cGTo ug] { xf] eg] blnt ;d'bfosf] sfg"g tyf Gofosf] If]qdf kx'“r a[l4 ug'{kb{5 . 5'jf5"tsf 36gfnfO{ tTsfn ;Daf]wg ug{ ;/sf/L ;+oGq k|efjsf/L agfpg'kb{5 . ;/sf/L tj/af6}5'jf5"t cGTo ug{ b]ze/ r]tgfd"ns cleofg ;~rfng ug'{kb{5 .

dfof klg la6'nf] †

d]xgtL r/fsf] 3/ M s'l8;f -wfgr/L_ r/fsf] 3/ . b]pv'/L nfndl6ofsf] Ps 3/df pQm r/fn] agfPsf] 3/ . tl:j/ M s'nbLk Gof}kfg]

jN8{ lehg a'6jnsL dlgiff kf}8]n, v8jf jgufO{ uflj;sf ;lrj lji0f'k|;fb kGyL, kz' ;]jf s]Gb| ;]dnf/sf k|d'v af]w/fh vgfn, dfgks8L kz' ;]jf s]Gb|sf k|d'v 8an e08f/L, g]skf Pdfn]sf cWoIf s[i0faxfb'/ uf}td, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lji0f' a:ofnnufotn] af]Ng'ePsf]lyof] .

sfo{qmd l;; g]kfn kl/of]hgfsf ;+of]hs bfdf]b/k+u]gLsf] ;~rfng tyf sf]iffWoIf ;'jf; s'dL{sf]:jfutdf ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df @( 3/kl/jf/nfO{ &! j6f a+u'/sf

kf7f ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

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af9LkLl8tx?nfO{ 3/sf] lrGtfk'/gwf/ fsf af9LkLl8tx? cfkm"x?sf] k'g:yfkgfsf]dfu ub} { cfjfh p7fpg]s'/ fdf Psdt ePsf 5g\ . ;fd'bflos k|sf]k Joj:yfkg /fli6«o ;~hfn /;fd'bflos k|sf]k Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] ;xsfo{df ljxLjf/3f]/ fxLdf ePsf] cGtlqm{ofdf ;xefuL af9LkLl8tx?n]cfkm\gf ;jfndf af]lnlbg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{ cfu|x u/ ]sf 5g\ . af9L kLl8tx?n]tTsfnLg / fxtsf] sfd h]h:tf] eP klg ca k'gaf{;sf nflu / fHon] Joj:yf gu/ ];Dd lbuf] ;dfwfg gx'g]atfP .

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nf]xf/kfgLsf O~rfh{ eQmaxfb'/ lh;Ln] :jfut ug'{ePsf] kl/ifbdf j+unfr'nL ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf sfzL/fd cf]nL, a'l4hLjL hLtaxfb'/cf]nL,\ lzIfs ;f]d cf]nL, k|wfgfWofks uf]s0f{ k'g, lgjt{dfg uflj; cWoIf eQmaxfb'/ cf]nL, Pdfcf]jfbLsf lvdaxfb'/ 3tL{, g]sfsf anaxfb'/ cf]nLnufotn]dGtJo JoQmn ug'{ePsf]lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f ;fdflhs kl/rfns bfdaxfb'/3tL{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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